圖表列表
圖1:各國GDP(資料來源:A. Maddison, Historical Statistics of the World Economy, http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/maddison-project/home.htm)
圖2:被遺忘的不景氣:美國戰(zhàn)后沖擊,1919—1921年(資料來源:NBER Macrohistory database, http://www.nber.org/databases/microhistroy)
圖3:通貨緊縮(資料來源:J. S. Davis, ‘Recent Developments in World Finance’, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 4, No.2 [April 1922], 62–87)
圖4:英國在兩次世界大戰(zhàn)期間的“震動”:1920—1921年失業(yè)率的第一次飆升(資料來源:NBER Macrohistory database, http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory)
表1:美元都買了什么:英國在海外購買的主要戰(zhàn)爭物資的份額,1914—1918年(資料來源:K. D. Stubbs, Race to the Front: The Material Foundations of Coalition Strategy in the Great War [Westport, CT, 2002], 300-301, 305–8,313; M. W. Gibson, British Strategy and Oil, 1914—1923 [PhD, University of Glasgow, 2012], 73, 96)
表2:民主歷史上的最大事件:俄國立憲會議選舉結(jié)果,1917年11月(資料來源:O. H. Radkey, The Election to the Russian Constituent Assembly of 1917 [Cambridge, MA, 1950], 16–17)
表3:從赤字到貿(mào)易順差再到赤字:日本脆弱的收支平衡,1913—1929年(資料來源:H. G. Moulton, Japan: An Economic and Financial Appraisal [Washington, DC, 1931], 486–527)
表4:戰(zhàn)時混亂的全球價格體系:批發(fā)價格(資料來源:C. Wrigley [ed.], The First World War and the International Economy [Cheltenham, UK, 2000], 18; M. A. Rifaat, The Monetary System of Egypt [London, 1935], 197)
表5:戰(zhàn)時經(jīng)濟(jì)的低速發(fā)展:美國,1916—1920年(資料來源:C. Gilbert, American Financing of World War I [Westport, CT, 1970], 68, 202, 215)
表6:戰(zhàn)爭,通貨膨脹和工人斗爭,1914—1921年:罷工數(shù)量(資料來源:C. Wrigley [ed.], The First World War and the International Economy [Cheltenham, UK, 2000], 206; Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States [Washington, DC, 1961], D764, 99)
表7:財政實力的新次序:巴黎和會前美國對各國預(yù)算情況的評估,1918年12月(資料來源:P. D. Cravath memo for D. H. Miller, ‘Preliminary Suggestions Regarding Indemnities’, December 1918, Document 62, in P. M. Burnett, Reparation at the Paris Peace Conference [New York, 1940], vol. 1, 457)
表8:來自“盟友”的重拳:協(xié)約國對美國的債務(wù)(資料來源:據(jù)R. Self, Britain, America and the War Debt Controversy: The Economic Diplomacy of an Unspecial Relationship, 1917—1941 [London, 2006], 217)
表9:德國的賠款,1918—1931年(賠款部分資料來源:S. B. Webb, Hyperinflation and Stabilization in Weimar Germany [Oxford, 1989], 37, S. A. Schuker, American ‘Reparations’ to Germany, 1919—1933 [Princeton, NJ, 1988], 25, 44–5, 107–108, C. Bresciani-Turroni, The Economics of Inflation [London, 1937], 93; 國家收入部分資料來源:A. Ritschl and M. Spoerer, ‘Das Bruttosozialprodukt in Deutschland nach den amtlichen Volkseinkommens und Sozialproduktstatistiken 1901–1995’, Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte 2 [1997], 11–37, C.-L. Holtfrerich, Die deutsche Inflation 1914—1923 [Berlin, 1980], 221)
表10:過長的戰(zhàn)線:大英帝國軍事力量的部署,1920年2月(資料來源:A. Clayton, The British Empire as a Superpower, 1919—1939 [London, 1986], 45)
表11:德國陷入惡性通貨膨脹,1919—1923年(資料來源:S. B. Webb, Hyperinflation and Stabilization in Weimar Germany [Oxford, 1989], 37, 49; NBER Macrohistory database, http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/; C.-L. Holtfrerich, Die deutsche Inflation, 1914—1923 [Berlin, 1980])
表12:與華盛頓達(dá)成妥協(xié):戰(zhàn)時債務(wù)協(xié)議,1923—1930年(資料來源:據(jù)R. Self, Britain, America and the War Debt Controversy: The Economic Diplomacy of an Unspecial Relationship, 1917—1941 [London, 2006], 218)
表13:和善商業(yè):美國私人資本的長期海外投資,1930年12月(資料來源:Royal Institute of International Affairs, The Problem of International Investment [Oxford, 1937], 186–187)
表14:胡佛延債宣言的效果,1931年6月(資料來源:The Economist, 11 June 1932)
表15:不斷增加的對抗成本:“一戰(zhàn)”前與“一戰(zhàn)”后至“二戰(zhàn)”前的軍事開銷(國防負(fù)擔(dān)部分資料來源:Historical Statistics of the United States [Washington DC, 1960]; J. Eloranta, ‘From the Great Illusion to the Great War: Military Spending Behaviour of the Great Powers, 1870—1913’, European Review of Economic History 11 (2007), 255–283; J. Eloranta, ‘Why Did the League of Nations Fail?’, Cliometrica (2011), 27–52; 國民生產(chǎn)總值部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)來源:A. Maddison, Historical Statistics of the World Economy, http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/maddison-project/home.htm)