前言2

Autonomous driving is a challenge that can only be addressed in collaborative fashion. Not only the core automotive industry is affected by disruptive technologies and methods entering our life, but also everyone interacting with these technologies. Traffic and road infrastructure will need to be adjusted, mobility concepts will evolve further, municipalities will have to adapt, and regulators will have to provide a (legal) framework for the operation-just to name a few.

自動駕駛是一個只有通過精誠合作才能解決的機遇與挑戰。自動駕駛不僅使核心汽車產業受到顛覆性技術和方法的影響，而且也使與這些技術產生交集的每個人都受到了影響。例如，交通和道路基礎設施將需要調整，交通概念將進一步發展，管理部門必須適應技術的快速迭代，監管機構將為交通運營提供一個（法律）框架，等等。

But unless we know what to prepare for, proper preparation will be hard. Simulation technology allows us to explore situations before any system will experience them in real life. It provides a safe means to scan the event space and derive from it the Operational Design Domain (ODD) within which a system is designed not only to guarantee functional safety but also safety of the intended function.

但除非我們知道如何去做準備，否則做到適當的應對將極為困難。模擬仿真技術使我們在任何系統成為現實之前體驗它們的情況。它提供了一種構建事件空間的安全方法，并從中派生出設計運行范圍（Operational Design Domain，ODD）。在ODD中，系統的設計不僅要保證功能安全，還要保證預期功能安全。

Simulation means simplification; no single simulation is perfect, and nothing beats real life. But with a large number of specialized solutions and tools available, there is a good potential to cover in simulation the majority of relevant scenarios. This implies that simulation tools must be able to interact-either within a single simulation setup or by (re-)using the same data.

模擬仿真意味著簡化；沒有一種模擬仿真是完美的，也沒有什么比現實世界更完美。但是通過大量的專業解決方案和工具，具備模擬大多數相關場景的潛力。這意味著仿真工具必須能夠高效交互——無論是在單個仿真設置中，還是復用相同的數據。

The ASAM OpenX standards enable exactly this interaction. They provide the data formats and concepts for defining the ODD (ASAM OpenODD), for describing the road environment (ASAM OpenDRIVE and ASAM OpenCRG), for communication between components (ASAM OSI), for tagging and labeling data (ASAM OpenLABEL), and, of course, for describing scenarios from the very specific event up to the abstract level (ASAM OpenSCENARIO).

在這樣的背景下，以ASAM OpenX為代表的標準基于支持工具與環境的交互而開發。它們提供了用于定義ODD（ASAM OpenODD）、描述道路環境（ASAM OpenDRIVE和ASAM OpenCRG）、組件之間的通信（ASAM OSI）、標記和標注數據（ASAM OpenLABEL）的數據格式和概念。當然，還用于描述從非常具體的事件到抽象級別的多種場景（ASAM OpenSCENARIO）。

ASAM OpenX-projects also look at ontologies and terminologies, and further aspects of simulation and the real world. By describing reality in ASAM OpenX formats, the use of the respective data is not limited to simulation only. This is a great strength of the ASAM standards, and it guarantees that assets created within one application can be reused in other setups, thus preserving the investment that was done upon creating an asset.

ASAM openx項目還關注本體論和術語定義，以及更進一步地模擬仿真現實世界。通過ASAM OpenX格式描述現實情況，對于數據的使用絕不僅限于模擬仿真領域。這是ASAM標準的一大優點，它保證在一個應用程序中創建的內容可以在其他設置中重用，從而保留在創建內容時所做的投入。

ASAM always acts with the big picture in mind. We aim to make sure that our standards outside the simulation domain (i.e., Measurement, Calibration, Diagnostics, and Test Automation) can not only interact with each other but also with the respective counterparts within the simulation domain. Because, ultimately, the simulated systems and functions will have to face reality, and real driving validation is needed to work on corner cases and to identify previously unknown situations. Our Test Specification Study Group, for example, tries to locate loopholes in the entire testing regime of autonomous vehicles before they make it at large scale into the field.

ASAM總是以全球化視野進行布局。ASAM的目標是確保模擬仿真領域之外的標準（即測量、校準、診斷和測試自動化）不僅可以相互交互，而且還可以與模擬領域內的其他標準進行交互。因為模擬系統和功能終將面對現實世界，并且需要真正的駕駛驗證來處理極端情況并識別之前未知的情況。例如，我們的測試規范研究小組（Test Specification Study Group）試圖在自動駕駛汽車大規模投入使用之前，找出整個測試制度中的漏洞。

Let us conclude by emphasizing that all ASAM standards are the result of the excellent engagement of our more than 430 members worldwide. They are the direct sign of what the industry deems necessary to agree on and where pre-competitive collaboration is mandatory. ASAM is the framework, but it would be empty without the engagement of our members. Feel invited to become a part of this great community of experts and have your requirements reflected in the ASAM standards.

最后，所有的ASAM標準都是我們全球430多家會員共同努力的結果。它們是汽車行業認為有必要達成共識的直接標志，以及充分合作是非常有必要的。ASAM提供了合作框架，但如果沒有廣大會員的參與，這個框架將空洞無物。我們始終歡迎汽車行業的公司成為這個偉大社區的一員，讓您的需求與技術反映在ASAM標準之中。