- GRE百日百句百題:句子解析與練習
- 劉文勇編著
- 1055字
- 2022-11-04 17:22:57
Day 3
實戰演練
In the past ten years, there have been several improvements in mountain-climbing equipment.These improvements have made the sport both safer and more enjoyable for experienced climbers.Despite these improvements, however, the rate of mountainclimbing injuries has doubled in the past ten years.
——GRE OG 2nd Edition, Practice Test 1, Verbal Reasoning, Section 3
Which of the following, if true, best reconciles the apparent discrepancy pre s ented in the passage?
A.Many climbers, lulled intoAfalse sense of security, use the new equipment to attempt climbing feats of which they are not capable.
B.Some mountain-climbing injuries are caused by unforeseeable weather conditions.
C.Mountain climbing, althoughAdangerous sport, does not normally result in i n jury to the experienced climber.
D.In the past ten years there have been improvements in mountain-climbing techniques as well as in mountain-climbing equipment.
E.Although the rate of mountain-climbing injuries has increased, the rate of mountainclimbing deaths has not changed.
答案:A
答案解析
題目中問以下哪個選項最能調和文中提到的明顯差異。那文中的差異是什么呢?即“盡管登山設備的改進使登山變得更安全,但因登山的受傷率卻大大增加”,那么我們應該選擇能夠對這種差異進行解釋的選項。
選項A“許多登山者麻痹大意,產生了一種虛假的安全感,用這些新設備去嘗試他們沒有能力做到的攀登壯舉”;因為沒有能力,即使有新設備,也會使得受傷率增加,所以選項A正確。
選項B“有些登山者受傷是由于不可預知的天氣條件造成的”不正確,因為無論設備改不改善,登山者都一樣會受到不可預知的天氣條件的影響。
選項C“登山雖然是一個危險的運動,通常對有經驗的登山者不會造成傷害”不正確,這只能說明有經驗的登山者受傷的概率小,還是沒有說明為什么攀巖的受傷率翻了一番。
選項D“在過去的十年里,登山技術與設備在同時改進提升”不正確,技術和設備同時改進應該會使得受傷率減小。
選項E“雖然攀巖的受傷率增加了,攀巖導致的死亡人數卻沒有變化”也不正確,死亡人數沒有變化還是沒有解釋為什么設備改進了,受傷率反而增加了。
英文重現
In the past ten years, there have been several improvements in mountain-climbing equipment.These improvements have made the sport both safer and more enjoyable for experienced climbers.Despite these improvements, however, the rate of mountain-climbing injuries has doubled in the past ten years.
解析
1.“make+賓語+賓語補足語”的復合結構表示“使……成為……”,其中的賓語補足語可以是不帶“to”的不定式、形容詞、過去分詞、名詞。此處“made the sport both safer and more enjoyable”即為形容詞作“sport”賓語補足語。
2.“despite”是一個介詞,表示“盡管”,后直接跟名詞或名詞性詞組(不跟that從句);詞組“in spite of”的意思與“despite”相同,很多同學會混淆二者,寫出“despite of sth.”這樣的錯誤用法。
3.“both…and…”作為并列關聯連詞,通常連接兩個相同性質的成分(如此處的“safer”和“more enjoyable”都是形容詞性)。另外若連接的兩個成分作主語,謂語總要用復數。
4.“double”作形容詞時意思是“雙重的,兩倍的”,但在這里是用作動詞,意思是“加倍,翻了一番”,類似的“triple”、“quadruple”等表示倍數的詞也可以用作動詞,相應地表示增加了(n–1)倍。
參考翻譯
在過去的十年間,在攀巖器械方面有了幾項改進。這些改進使這項運動對有經驗的攀巖者來說更加安全也更加有趣。但是,盡管有這些改善,過去十年間攀巖的受傷率卻翻了一番。