Day 4

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練

The condition of scholarship devoted to the history of women in photography is confounding.Recent years have witnessed the posthumous inflation of the role of the hobbyist Alice Austen into that ofApioneering documentarian while dozens of notable senior figures—Marion Palfi, whose photographs of civil-rights activities in the South served as early evidence of the need for protective legislation, to name one—received scant attention from scholars.And, while Naomi Rosenblum's synoptic History of Women Photographers covers the subject through 1920 inAgenerally useful fashion, once she reaches the 1920s, when the venues, forms, applications, and movements of the medium expanded exponentially, she resorts to an increasingly terse listing of unfamiliars, with approaches and careers summarized inAsentence or two.

——GRE OG 2nd Edition, Practice Test 1, Verbal Reasoning, Section 3

Which of the following statements about Marion Palfiis supported by the passage?

A.Marion Palfi's photographs would have received greater recognition from historians had her work been done in an era when most aspects of photography were static rather than inAstate of transition.

B.Alice Austen has achieved greater notoriety than has Marion Palfiprimarily because the subjects that Austen photographed were more familiar to her contemporaries.

C.In addition to providingArecord of certain historical events, Marion Palfi's photographs playedArole in subsequent events.

答案：C

答案解析

題目問(wèn)以下哪一個(gè)關(guān)于“Marion Palfi”的描述能夠被文章支持。文中關(guān)于“Marion Palfi”的描述是第二句第一個(gè)破折號(hào)后面的句子“Marion Palfi關(guān)于南部民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的照片堪稱(chēng)對(duì)保護(hù)性法律需求的早期證據(jù)，卻沒(méi)有從學(xué)者那受到太多的關(guān)注”，正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該從這句話(huà)推出。

選項(xiàng)A“如果Marion Palfi的作品處于一個(gè)攝影的多數(shù)方面是靜態(tài)的時(shí)代，而不是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期的時(shí)代，她的作品將從歷史學(xué)家那里獲得更多的認(rèn)可”不正確，文中并沒(méi)有提到Marion Palfi為什么沒(méi)有得到學(xué)者太多關(guān)注的原因。

選項(xiàng)B“Alice Austen獲得了比Marion更大的名聲主要是因?yàn)樗臄z的題材都是同代人所熟悉的主題”，文中并沒(méi)有提及Alice Austen獲得更大名聲的原因；

選項(xiàng)C“除了提供歷史事件的記錄以外，Marion Palfi的照片在后續(xù)的事件中起到了重要的作用”正確，文中提到Marion Palfi關(guān)于南部民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的照片堪稱(chēng)制定保護(hù)性法律必要性的早期證據(jù)，也意味著這些作品對(duì)后來(lái)產(chǎn)生了影響。

英文重現(xiàn)

The condition of scholarship devoted to the histo r y of women in photography is confounding.Recent years have witnessed the posthumous inflation of the role of the hobbyist Alice Austen into that ofApioneering documentarian while dozens of notable senior figures—Marion Palfi, whose photog r aphs of civil-rights activities in the South served as early evidence of the need for protective legislation, to name one—received scant attention from scholars.

解析

1.“devoted to the history of women in photography”是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾“scholarship”，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句“which is devoted to t h e history of women in photography”。

2.“inflation ofAinto B”意思是“從A膨脹成（變成了）B”，此處A的內(nèi)容是“the role of the hobbyist Alice Austen”，B的內(nèi)容是“that ofApioneering documentarian”（“that”指代“the role”）。

3.“while”在此是一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，將“Alice Austen在死后從一個(gè)業(yè)余愛(ài)好者夸張成了一個(gè)先驅(qū)型紀(jì)錄片攝影師”和“幾十個(gè)著名的資深人物卻沒(méi)有從學(xué)者那受到太多的關(guān)注”進(jìn)行對(duì)比。

4.遇到兩個(gè)破折號(hào)中間的內(nèi)容，我們?cè)陂喿x的時(shí)候，可以先跳過(guò)不讀，因?yàn)閮蓚€(gè)破折號(hào)之間通常都是一個(gè)解釋性的插入部分，這部分的內(nèi)容省去后，一般也不會(huì)影響句子主體。所以，我們?cè)谧x句子的時(shí)候可以把“while dozens of notable senior figures received scant attention from scholars”連在一起，這樣句子的結(jié)構(gòu)更清晰一些。

5.之后我們?cè)賮?lái)看插入部分“Marion Palfi, whose…to name one”，該部分是對(duì)前面的“dozens of notable senior figures”舉的一個(gè)例子（to name one），舉的例子就是“Marion Palfi”這個(gè)人，而后面的“whose”引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句是為了修飾“Marion Palfi”?！皐hose”是關(guān)系代詞“who”的所有格形式，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)在從句中作定語(yǔ)，表示“……的……”；“whose”通常指人，也可指動(dòng)物或無(wú)生命的事物。

詞義辨析

參考翻譯

在女性攝影史方面的學(xué)術(shù)投入的現(xiàn)狀很令人困惑。近些年見(jiàn)證了Alice Austen在死后從一個(gè)業(yè)余愛(ài)好者夸張成了一個(gè)先驅(qū)型紀(jì)錄片攝影師，而幾十個(gè)著名的資深人物——舉個(gè)例子，Marion Palfi，她關(guān)于南部民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的照片堪稱(chēng)制定保護(hù)性法律必要性的早期證據(jù)——卻沒(méi)有得到學(xué)者太多的關(guān)注。