1.10 [10] 景公敕五子之傅而失言晏子諫

齊景公給五個(gè)兒子的師傅下敕命而言語有失，晏子進(jìn)諫

【原文】

景公有男子五人，所使（傳）〔傅〕之者，皆有車百乘者也，晏子為一焉。公召其傅曰：“勉之！將以而所傅為子。”及晏子，晏子辭曰：“君命其臣，據(jù)其肩以盡其力，臣敢不勉乎！今有之家，此一國之權(quán)臣也，人人以君命命之曰：‘將以而所傅為子。’此離樹別黨，傾國之道也，嬰不敢受命，愿君圖之！”

【今譯】

齊景公有五個(gè)兒子，被任命教導(dǎo)他們的老師，都是有車百乘的大臣，晏子是其中之一。景公分別召見這些老師說：“您要努力把公子教導(dǎo)成才呀！那樣我就把您教導(dǎo)的公子立為世子。”輪到晏子的時(shí)候，晏子辭謝說：“國君任命臣下，讓他肩負(fù)重任拼盡全力，我怎么敢不盡力而為呢！如今輔佐公子們的大夫，都是有權(quán)有勢(shì)的臣子，（倘若）人人都以國君的命令自命說：‘將來要把您教導(dǎo)的公子立為世子。’這是分立不同黨派，導(dǎo)致國家滅亡的做法，我不敢接受任命，希望您考慮！”

Duke Jing had five sons. Those who were commissioned to be their tutors had one hundred chariots each. Yanzi was one of them. The Duke summoned the tutors and said to each: “Do your best,and I w ill choose the son that you tutor to become my successor.”

When Yanzi’s turn came,he declined and said: “A ruler gives orders to his ministers to do their utmost,carrying the burden on their shoulders; so how could I,a minister,not presume to do my best? But now,the families that have one hundred chariots^[1] are the families of the powerful ministers of the state. If each one of them undertakes your command,my Lord,that says,‘Do your best,^[2] and I w ill choose the son that you tutor to become my successor,’ this would result in discord among the heirs and partisan division,leading the way to the overthrow of the state. I do not presume to obey your order and hope that you,my Lord,w ill give it your careful consideration.”

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注釋

[1]今有之家→今有車百乘之家 (JS,38/4).

[2]These two characters—勉之 (“do your best”)—are not present in the original quotation of the command but rather serve as clarification.