第三節 補充選項

一、考點介紹

補充選項是雅思閱讀A類考試填空題中經常出現的一個考點。這種考點的出題思路就是和答案相似的內容已經在空格前或空格后給出，考生還需要根據文章補充一個與已經給出的內容屬于同一類別的內容。

補充選項是填空題中比較容易判斷的陷阱，有一些標志詞可以幫助大家迅速做出判斷，如and, also, or, similar等。一旦出現這些標志詞，考生們就要注意文章中這些標志詞附近的信息點，判斷其能否作為補充選項填入空格處。

二、真題示例

Example 1（Cambridge IELTS 12 Test 5 READING PASSAGE 1 Questions 7 and 8）

【真題回顧】

Recent years have seen the end of the virtual monopoly of cork as the material for bottle stoppers, due to concerns about the effect it may have on the contents of the bottle. This is caused by a chemical compound called 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA), which forms through the interaction of plant phenols, chlorine and mould. The tiniest concentrations—as little as three or four parts to a trillion—can spoil the taste of the product contained in the bottle. The result has been a gradual yet steady move first towards plastic stoppers and, more recently, to aluminium screw caps. These substitutes are cheaper to manufacture and, in the case of screw caps, more convenient for the user.

【考點點撥】

· are 7……………………to produce

· are 8……………………to use

答案：7 cheaper

8 convenient

關鍵詞：produce、use

定位句：根據關鍵詞定位到倒數第二行：These substitutes are cheaper to manufacture and, in the case of screw caps, more convenient for the user．這些替代品生產更加廉價，而對使用者來說螺旋蓋則更加便捷。

解析：定位句中的manufacture、user分別和題目中的produce、use是同義替換，答案分別是cheaper和convenient。

考 點：補充選項。這兩道題目的結構相似，是補充選項的明顯標志，即空格處要填類似的內容。

Example 2（Cambridge IELTS 9 Test 4 READING PASSAGE 1 Questions 11 and 12）

【真題回顧】

READING PASSAGE 1

The life and work of Marie Curie

One of Marie Curie's outstanding achievements was to have understood the need to accumulate intense radioactive sources, not only to treat illness but also to maintain an abundant supply for research. The existence in Paris at the Radium Institute of a stock of 1.5 grams of radium made a decisive contribution to the success of the experiments undertaken in the years around 1930. This work prepared the way for the discovery of the neutron by Sir James Chadwick and, above all, for the discovery in 1934 by Irene and Frederic Joliot-Curie of artificial radioactivity. A few months after this discovery, Marie Curie died as a result of leukaemia caused by exposure to radiation. She had often carried test tubes containing radioactive isotopes in her pocket, remarking on the pretty blue-green light they gave off.

Her contribution to physics had been immense, not only in her own work, the importance of which had been demonstrated by her two Nobel Prizes, but because of her influence on subsequent generations of nuclear physicists and chemists.

【考點點撥】

Marie Curie saw the importance of collecting radioactive material both for research and for cases of 11....................... .

答案：illness

關鍵詞：both for research and for

定位句：根據關鍵詞定位到第一段第一行：One of Marie Curie's outstanding achievements was to have understood the need to accumulate intense radioactive sources, not only to treat illness but also to maintain an abundant supply for research．瑪麗·居里的杰出成就之一就是，她意識到要積累大量的放射資源，這不僅是為了滿足治病的需求，也是要為研究提供充足的供給。

解 析：定位句中說放射性資源not only to treat illness but also...for research，這里的not only...but also和題目中的both...and是同義替換，題目中給出了for research，答案就是illness。

考 點：補充選項。即research是題目已經給出的內容，還需要根據文章補充一個與它類似的內容，illness就是要找的答案。題目中的both...and和文章中的not only...but also是“補充選項”的明顯標志。

The radioactive material stocked in Paris contributed to the discoveries in the 1930s of the 12..................... and of what was known as artificial radioactivity.

答案：neutron

關鍵詞：discoveries、1930s、and、artificial radioactivity

定位句：根據關鍵詞定位到第一段第三行：The existence in Paris at the Radium Institute of a stock of 1.5 grams of radium made a decisive contribution to the success of the experiments undertaken in the years around 1930. This work prepared the way for the discovery of the neutron by Sir James Chadwick and, above all, for the discovery in 1934 by Irene and Frederic Joliot-Curie of artificial radioactivity.巴黎鐳研究所有1.5克的鐳，這為1930年前后幾年里所做實驗的成功做出了決定性的貢獻。這項工作為James Chadwick爵士發現中子，尤其是為1934年Irene和Frederic Joliot-Curie發現人工放射奠定了基礎。

解 析：題目問的是兩項發現中的一個，定位句說兩項發現分別是discovery of the neutron和discovery of artificial radioactivity，題目中給出了artificial radioactivity，空格前給出了of the，答案就是neutron。

考 點：補充選項。即artificial radioactivity是題目已經給出的內容，還需要根據文章補充一個與它類似的內容，neutron就是要找的答案。題目和文章中的and是“補充選項”的明顯標志。