It is an honor that Professor Wu Huimin and Professor Jiang Hong have decided to publish this collection of writings about the exchange program between Hampshire College and Anhui Agricultural University，an exchange program that has meant so much to Hampshire College and to me personally as a teacher and scholar. I am pleased to write a preface for this collective record written by those who have participated in our twenty-year exchange program，generously devoting their time and talent to this joint endeavor.
As Professor Huang Banghan writes，this exchange grew out of his early mentorship of a Hampshire College student learning Chinese in Beijing and doing research on nannies from Wuwei County. His great kindness and guidance as her teacher，inviting her to his home in Hefei and taking her to Wuwei，led in turn to our own research collaboration on infant adoption in China and the US，a long-term collaboration that began in 1995. As part of our research collaboration，Lao Huang came to Hampshire College for the first time in 1996，using the college as a home base for his research interviewing American adoptive parents of Chinese children raised in the US. During his stay at Hampshire College，he became a popular and beloved “uncle” of many Hampshire College students who visited him in his campus apartment，a favorite of the staff at the college dining hall who greeted him every morning，and a good friend of the college president Gregory Prince with whom he frequently met to discuss a possible exchange. The two of them decided to create a very special exchange program based on the principle of mutual benefit to meet the special needs of both institutions，their teachers and students. In order to foster close relationships between faculties and students，president Gregory Prince welcomed AAU scholars each semester to come visit Hampshire College to pursue their own academic interests and explore Hampshire and the Five College Consortium that Hampshire College belongs to. This resulted in a rich and unique exchange that has lasted for twenty years，successfully building close and meaningful ties between many teachers and students whose educations and lives have been broadened and deeply enriched through cross-cultural exploration and understanding.
Within a few years，teaching and learning Chinese language became a central focus of the exchange program activities. Through this program，Hampshire has been able to build its own program in Chinese language study. Although as part of the Five College Consortium，Hampshire College students could take foreign languages at any of the other four colleges，as originally intended by the founders of Hampshire College in 1970，through our exchange program we have been able to offer both first and third year Chinese on our own campus for our students. Our language program has been a small one but one of high quality. Because of the excellent teachers that AAU has sent to us each year，these classes have provided a solid foundation for our students to begin learning Chinese in their first year of college as well as to pursue Chinese at advanced levels. Our classes tend to be smaller and more intimate than those of other colleges，allowing students more time to participate and get help from teachers. The student- centered pedagogy of these classes has suited the student-centered teaching philosophy and the pedagogy of the college as a whole. Most rewarding，students and visiting Chinese teachers often develop close and rewarding relationships that extend learning and cultural exchange beyond the classroom.
In addition to sending a small number of students to AAU to study during the semester，in 2005 we added a summer session for intensive Chinese language study at AAU. This has been a wonderful addition to our exchange. It allows students to continue to study with their AAU teachers in Hefei for two additional months each summer，making it possible for students to learn two full years of Chinese in less than one calendar year. The summer program also provides an immersion experience for students，introducing them to life and culture in China. The experiences that students have outside the classroom are as important to their education and personal growth as inside the classroom. Many AAU students also participate in this experience as tutors and special helpers for the Hampshire students. Because of the strong reputation the program has earned，it attracts students from the other colleges as well.
As Hampshire College benefited by adding a Chinese language program through this exchange，AAU also benefitted by being able to use our exchange as a platform to build a strong program and undergraduate major in teaching Chinese as the second language（CSL）at AAU. Many universities in China now have CSL programs but AAU's teachers and students have our ongoing exchange of students and teachers to build upon and gain experience in teaching English-speaking students Chinese. American students have their own special characteristics in learning Chinese. AAU's Chinese teachers become more accomplished because they have gained and shared the experiences of teaching CSL to US students，elevating their skills above teachers from Chinese departments that do not have special programs or opportunities for gathering and sharing experiences in teaching CSL in both an English-speaking environment and in China.
The recent addition to our summer program of AAU undergraduates with majors in CSL has greatly enhanced the program. Indeed I feel this element has made our exchange truly unique and exciting for both sides. Our students enjoy the close，daily interaction with AAU students. Unlike in other summer programs，when they arrive in Hefei they instantly have the opportunity to make friends with Chinese students，all of whom graciously help the US students get settled and feel at home in Hefei. The AAU student language tutors also provide excellent daily support for intensive language learning. （These AAU students are earnest practicing teachers who are becoming skilled in CSL and work hard to meet the individual learning needs of their Hampshire College students.）These student-to-student relationships have quickly become among the most important element of our exchange program，building mutual understanding and lasting relationships among our students. Few programs offer such a full and meaningful experience to its foreign students，who sometimes remain isolated in their own groups and are separated from Chinese students and society，like foreign islands on Chinese university campuses. In contrast AAU's exchange program provides a more fully integrated，mutually beneficial，real-life experience for our students in China. For AAU students it provides an opportunity to get to know US students，their culture，ideas about education and hopes for the future. It further gives AAU students an opportunity to learn how to teach through actual practice at the early stage in their CSL education. Indeed one of those AAU students，Danni Song，became the main Chinese teacher at Hampshire College after obtaining a Master's degree in the US.
Our exchange has more recently expanded to include the agricultural and environmental sciences，including tea and food science. In February 2011，AAU president Wan Xiaochun visited Hampshire College and urged an expansion of our exchange program to include more study and research in the areas of agriculture and the sciences. This suggestion led a group of Hampshire faculty to apply for a grant from the Henry Luce Foundation aimed at fostering students’ interests in environmental studies and sciences within Asian studies，with a focus on agriculture. As part of this initiative，Hampshire College has been able to bring undergraduate students from AAU to participate in the Farm，Food，and Sustainability Institute（FFSI）summer program located on the Hampshire farm. Hampshire College students have also gone to study and visit programs related to agriculture at AAU，such as their large bee program and well-known tea science and tea culture program. At the same time，AAU faculties in these areas have visited Hampshire College，becoming close colleagues and friends with science faculties at Hampshire College and the Five Colleges. Shared interests in learning more about organic and sustainable forms of agriculture and food production，as taught through Hampshire's FFS Institute，and the creation of “Community-Supported Agriculture” organizations（CSAs）in our exchange areas have now become an important core area of interest for many of the faculties and students who have participated in our exchange program.
Personally，working with our dynamic exchange has been one of the most rewarding experiences in my career and in my personal life. I have made so many wonderful friends，sharing common interests and goals based on fostering the education and cross-cultural understanding of the students and teachers of our institutions. One of the great pleasures of my life is working with the dear friends and colleagues I have made at AAU. Hefei and AAU have become my second home over the last twenty years，enriching my own life as well as my professional work as a teacher and scholar. I will always be grateful to the efforts of those who have built this exchange，year by year，many of whom have contributed to this volume of essays. I am most grateful to Lao Huang and to Jiang Hong，who have helped to build this exchange from the beginning and given generously their time and energy to this twenty-year venture.
Through these various aspects of exchange，the program has grown organically and fruitfully over the years，fulfilling Huang Banghan and Hampshire president Gregory Prince's original goal of mutual benefit in new and deeper ways. We are very fortunate to have this rich and dynamic program at Hampshire College.
Kay Ann Johnson
Professor of Asian Studies and Politics
Director of the Hampshire College China Exchange Program
Hampshire College
Amherst，MA
March 2016
[譯文]
集體智慧的結晶
很高興得知吳惠敏教授和姜紅教授決定就罕布什爾學院和安徽農業大學的交流項目出版專題論文集。這個交流項目對于罕布什爾學院和我個人（無論是作為一名教授還是一名學者）而言都意義重大。我很榮幸為這本集體的創作寫序言。這本書的作者們在過去的二十年間參加了我們的交流項目，并慷慨奉獻出時間和才能。這個交流項目是集體努力的結果。
正如黃邦漢教授寫道，這個交流項目源自于他對一位在北京學習中文并做關于無為縣保姆相關研究的罕布什爾學院學生的指導。他對學生非常友好，邀請學生來他在合肥的家，之后又帶她去無為，并對學生予以指導。因為黃邦漢教授指導罕布什爾學生的機緣，我和他于1995年開始了中美兒童收養問題的長期科研合作。作為我們合作研究的一部分，黃邦漢教授1996年第一次來到罕布什爾學院，他主要通過采訪收養父母研究美國家庭收養的中國孩子在美國生活的情況。在罕布什爾學院期間，他成為一名受罕布什爾學院學生歡迎和愛戴的“叔叔”，許多罕布什爾學院的學生都曾訪問過他居住的校園里的公寓；他也成為一名在校園餐廳廣受員工歡迎的人，那里很多員工每天早上向他問候致意；他還成為罕布什爾學院時任校長Gregory Prince的朋友，他們經常見面討論可能開始的合作交流。他們兩人決定本著互利互惠的原則，設計出一個特別的交流項目，以滿足兩所學校教師和學生的特別需要。為進一步促進兩校師生的關系，Gregory Prince校長歡迎安徽農業大學的學者每學期來罕布什爾學院訪問，歡迎他們來做學術交流，同時了解罕布什爾學院以及它所屬于的“五校聯”聯合體。正因為此，我們有了一個持續了20年的豐富而獨特的交流，這個交流成為密切兩校眾多老師和學生之間關系的有意義的紐帶。跨文化交流和跨文化理解拓展了這些老師和學生的視野，豐富了他們的教育和生活。
在交流開始之后，教漢語與學漢語成為活動的中心和焦點。通過這個交流，罕布什爾學院得以設立自己的中文學習項目。雖然作為“五校聯”的成員之一，罕布什爾學院的學生可以在其他任何四所學院學習外國語言課程（這也是1970年開始設立罕布什爾學院的目的之一）。通過我們的交流項目，我們可以在自己的校園為我們的學生提供一年級和三年級的中文課。我們的語言項目規模不大，但是質量很高。因為安徽農業大學每年給我們派遣最優秀的教師，這些教師教授的課程為我們的學生在大學第一年開始學習漢語以及以后學習更高水平的漢語打下了堅實的基礎。與其他學校的中文班相比，我們的班級更小，師生關系也更緊密。這讓學生有更多的時間來參與課堂學習并得到老師更多的幫助。以學生為中心的教學法與以學生為中心的教學理念相適應，也和整個大學的辦學理念連為一體。這樣安排最好的回報就是，學生們和來自中國的訪問老師發展了親密的關系，使文化交流和學習已不僅僅限于課堂。
除了在學期中選派少數學生去安徽農業大學學習以外，2005年我們還在安徽農業大學增設了一個暑期強化學習中文的項目。這極大地補充了我們的交流。每年夏天，學生能有另外兩個月的時間與他們來自安徽農業大學的教師一起在合肥繼續學習，這為學生在不到一個學年的時間內完成兩個學年的中文課提供了可能性。暑期強化項目還為學生提供了浸入式學習的體驗，通過項目他們可以了解中國的生活和文化。學生的課外經驗與課堂所學對于學生的教成。很多安徽農業大學的學生作為罕布什爾學院學生的助教或特別助理也參與到體驗當中去。因為這個暑期交流項目取得了較高的聲譽，它也吸引了一些其他美國高校的學生參與到項目中來。
罕布什爾學院在交流項目中由于增加了中文項目而獲益良多，安徽農業大學通過這個交流也獲益匪淺。安徽農業大學以這個交流項目為平臺設立了漢語國際教育專業。很多中國的大學都開設了漢語國際教育專業，但安徽農業大學的這個專業尤為特別，該校師生因為參與這個正在進行的項目而獲得了許多教授以英語為母語的留學生漢語的經驗。美國學生在學習漢語中有他們的特點。安徽農業大學的漢語教師也因為有機會獲得和分享在美國（母語環境下學習漢語）、在中國（目的語環境下學習漢語）教授以英語為母語者漢語的經驗而取得了更多的成就。
我們的項目在最近幾年因為安徽農業大學漢語國際教育專業本科學生的參與，質量得到了極大的提升。事實上我覺得正是這一因素使我們雙方的交流變得真正獨特和令人期待。我們的學生十分享受每天與安徽農業大學的學生親密互動。與其他暑期項目不同，我們的學生到達合肥后就立即有機會與中國學生交朋友。這些中國學生會熱情相助，幫他們安頓下來，會讓他們覺得在合肥就像在家里一樣。安徽農業大學的語言助理每天也為學生的語言強化學習提供出色的幫助。（這些安徽農業大學學生都是實習教師，他們在漢語國際教育教學方面逐步變得熟練，并且他們會努力滿足罕布什爾學院學生的個人學習需求。）這種學生和學生之間的關系很快成為交流項目中的最重要的因素，在學生間建立了持久的相互理解的關系。其他暑期項目很少有為外國學生提供如此豐富而又有意義的體驗的。在其他學校，外國學生們只是生活在自己的小團體里，與中國學生和社會隔離開來，就像是中國校園里的一座海外島嶼。相比之下，安徽農業大學為我們在中國的學生提供了更加完整一體、互利互惠及貼近生活的體驗。這個項目也為安徽農業大學的學生提供了一次機會去了解美國學生及其文化、了解美國的教育理念和學生對未來的希望。它還為安徽農業大學的學生提供了實際演練漢語國際教育的機會，為他們開啟漢語國際教育生涯打下了一定的基礎。事實上，安徽農業大學的一名學生，宋丹尼，在美國獲得碩士學位后成了罕布什爾學院主要負責教授漢語的老師。
最近幾年，我們的交流范圍進一步擴大，現在交流領域已擴展到農業科學、環境科學以及茶與食品科學。2011年2月，時任安徽農業大學校長（現任黨委書記）宛曉春訪問罕布什爾學院，他鼓勵、敦促我們的交流項目向農業科學拓展。他的建議促成了罕布什爾學院相關教授向亨利魯斯基金會申請基金支持項目。亨利魯斯基金主要目標在于提升學生對于亞洲環境科學研究的興趣，并且以農業為聚焦點。在這項基金的支持下，罕布什爾學院邀請了一些安徽農業大學的本科學生到該校參加“食品、農場與可持續發展”機構的暑期項目，地點位于罕布什爾農場。一些罕布什爾學院的學生也來到安徽農業大學學習與農業相關的學科，比如一些學生參與了蜜蜂項目，也有一些學生參加了知名的茶學與茶文化項目。與此同時，安徽農業大學研究這些領域的老師訪問了美國，成為罕布什爾學院和“五校聯”自然科學教授的親密同事和朋友。正如罕布什爾學院的“食品、農場與可持續發展”機構所關注的那樣，我們交流雙方的很多師生也對有機農業、有機食品、可持續農業、社區支持農業等擁有共同的興趣，現在這已經成為雙方交流的中心話題。
就我個人而言，參與這個充滿活力的項目是我職業生涯和個人生活中最有意義的經歷之一。通過這個項目，我與許多出色的人結下友誼，我們有共同的愛好和目標，那就是致力于促進我們兩校學生和教師的教學及跨文化交際。我人生中的一大樂趣就是和我安徽農業大學親愛的朋友和同事們一起工作。在過去的20年里，合肥和安徽農業大學已經成了我的第二故鄉，它們極大地豐富了我作為一名教師和學者的人生和專業工作。我將永遠感謝那些為設立這個交流項目做出貢獻的人，年復一年參與交流項目的人，以及為這本論文集做出貢獻的人。我還要特別感謝黃邦漢和姜紅，他們從最開始到現在一直協助設立交流項目，并在這二十年間慷慨地奉獻自己的時間和精力。
通過各個方面的交流，這個項目在過去的歲月里穩步成長并卓有成效，完成了黃邦漢和罕布什爾學院校長GregoryPrince的最初目標-以一種新型而更深入的方式實現互利互惠。在罕布什爾學院擁有如此豐富和充滿活力的項目，我們感到十分幸運。
凱·安·約翰遜
罕布什爾學院教授、中國項目主任
麻州阿姆斯特
2016年3月