Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A

News Report One

【聽力原文】

[1] Rescue crews pulled a man to safety after a collapse at a construction site in Brooklyn on Tuesday.The incident happened on the 400 block of Rutland Road just after 12:30 p.m. The fire department of New York says the vacant 100-year-old building being pulled down partially collapsed. A man described as a “non-worker civilian” was buried up to his waist in the basement. [2] The man was collecting building materials when the first floor collapsed underneath hi He was trapped under a beam about 10 feet below the surface for nearly an hour and a half. The man was then taken to hospital. Officials said he’s in stable condition with non-lifethreatening injuries. The building was reportedly purchased by a neighboring church in 2011. It was the site of a 2006 fire and has remained vacant ever since

1．What happened at a construction site in Brooklyn on Tuesday?

2．What does the report say about the non-worker civilian?

1．D

【做題提示】四個選項的時態都是過去時，其中兩項跟坍塌有關（collapsed to the ground、a building collapse），兩項跟人員被困有關（got trapped、pulled to safety），可推測本題考查某起事故。聽到問題后立刻回憶所聽新聞內容，結合選項作答。

【解析】新聞開頭部分提到，周二，布魯克林區一處建筑工地發生坍塌事故，一座擁有100年歷史的閑置的大樓坍塌，一位被描述為“非施工人員”的男子被埋地下室，后來該男子被救援隊救至安全地帶。由此可知，選項D為正確答案。選項A、B和C不符合新聞內容，均可排除。

2．B

【做題提示】四個選項均以he開頭作主語，注意其中的關鍵詞（served in a fire departmen、collecting building materials、suffered a fatal injur、moved into...old house）。聽到問題后立刻回憶所聽新聞內容，確定he的指代對象，結合選項作答。

【解析】新聞中間部分提到，那位男子當時正在收集建筑材料，后來大樓坍塌，他被困在地下室；該男子被營救出來后送至醫院，證實沒有生命危險。由此可知，選項B為正確答案，選項C不符合新聞內容。選項A和選項D新聞中沒有提及，故排除。

News Report Two

【聽力原文】

“Millions of people are struggling to understand their paychecks or calculate money in shops,” campaigners have said. Being bad at maths should no longer be seen as a badge of honor or down to genetics according to [3]National Numeracy, a new organization which aims to challenge the nation’s negative view of the subject.Chris Humphries, chairman of the group, said the poor maths skills can affect an individua’s life, leaving them at a higher risk of being excluded from school or out of work.

“Figures from a government survey published last year show that 17 million adults in England have basic maths skills that are, at best, the same as an 11-year-old,” he said. Speaking at the launch of National Numeracy,Mr. Humphries said that’s the scary figure because what it means is they often ca’t calculate or give change.

Mike Ellicock, chief executive of National Numeracy, said we want to challenge this “I can’t do maths”attitude that is prevalent in the UK, [4] adding that it was vital that all primary school teachers understand key maths concepts as young children who fail to learn the basics will suffer later on

3．What does the organization National Numeracy aim to do?

4．What is vital according to the chief executive of National Numeracy?

3．C

【做題提示】四個選項都是動詞性短語，其中三項跟maths有關，兩項跟British people有關，可推測本題考查關于英國人的數學的內容。聽到問題后立刻回憶所聽新聞內容，結合選項作答。

【解析】新聞開頭部分提到，英國國家數學能力中心是一個新的組織，旨在挑戰全國對該學科，即數學的消極看法。由此可知，選項C為正確答案。

4．A

【做題提示】四個選項都跟數學有關（maths concepts、elementary calculations、value of maths、maths courses），可推測本題考查的內容跟英國人的數學有關。聽到問題后立刻回憶所聽新聞內容，結合選項作答。

【解析】新聞前面講述了英國國家數學能力中心成立的宗旨及目前的形勢，新聞末尾提到該組織的首席執行官認為，所有的小學老師理解關鍵的數學概念這一點非常重要，因為沒有學會基礎數學的孩子以后會吃苦頭。由此可知，選項A為正確答案。

News Report Three

【聽力原文】

[5] The Dutch King has revealed that for more than two decades he has held down a part-time second job alongside his royal duties. King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands said that he recently ended his role as a regular “guest pilot” after 21 years with the national airlines fleet of now-outdated aircraft.

As a guest flyer, the king worked about twice a month, always as co-pilot. He will now retrain to fly th bigger Boeing 737s as the old planes are being phased out of service. The 50-year-old father of three and king to 17 million Dutch citizens calls flying a“hobby”. [6] It lets him leave his royal duties on the ground and fully focus on something else.

“You have an aircraft, passengers and crew. You have responsibility for them,” the king said. “You can’t take your problems from the ground into the skies. [6] You can completely change focus and concentrate on something else. That, for me, is the most relaxing part of flying. [7] Willem-Alexander said he is rarely recognized by passengers. Very few people pay attention to him as he walks through the airport in his airline uniform and cap.

5．What does the report say about the Dutch King?

6．Why does the king say he likes flying

7．What does the king say about passengers at the airport?

5．D

【做題提示】四個選項都以he作主語，其中兩項跟飛行有關（pilot、fleet of aircraft），另外兩項的關鍵信息分別為royal duties as a burden和part-time job。聽到問題后立刻回憶所聽新聞內容，結合選項作答。

【解析】新聞開頭提到，荷蘭國王在過去的20多年里除了履行王室職責之外，還一直做著一份兼職的工作，即國家航空公司的客座飛行員。由此可知，選項D為正確答案，選項A和選項B不符合新聞內容。選項C原文沒有提及，故排除。

6．A

【做題提示】四個選項都以he作主語，其中兩項包含other royalty和his people，可初步推測本題考查對象為國王。聽到問題后立刻回憶所聽新聞內容，結合選項作答。

【解析】新聞中間部分提到，荷蘭國王把飛行當作愛好，因為飛行可以讓他把地面上的王室職責拋諸腦后，全身心投入到其他事情中，后面引述國王自己的話說，他可以完全改變關注點，這是他飛行中最令他感到放松的部分。選項A是對原文最好的概括，故為正確答案。

7．B

【做題提示】四個選項都以they作主語，且都跟him (his)有關，可推測本題考查的對象涉及兩種人。

【解析】新聞末尾，國王說很少有人認出他，因為當他身穿航空制服、戴著帽子在機場中穿行時，很少有人會注意到他。由此可知，選項B為正確答案。

Section B

Conversation One

M: Morning, Ms Samino. Welcome to our studio.

W: Thanks. My pleasure.

M: OK, then, let me start by asking you how old your company is.

W: My grandparents started the company in 1955.

M: Why did they decide to open a furniture plant in Bucharest?

W: [8] At that time, there was a construction boom. There was a great need for furniture and my grandparents saw a business opportunity. [9] Their aim was to provide quality, yet affordable wooden furniture. And this goal has never changed.

M: Do you still only work with wood?

W: That’s right. It’s what we know and what we do best. If we started trying different materials, our quality would probably suffer

M: And all the wood is local?

W: [10] Correct! A hundred percent of our raw material comes from Romania.

M: Could you please outline how the company has grown over time? What have been the main challenges and opportunities that you have faced?

W: Well, back in the 50s and 60s, Romania was a lot poorer than it is today. My grandfather and father did not have much capital and our customers didn’t have much money, either. So that limited growth. The big change was in 2007, when Romania joined the European Union. [11] Suddenly, our market has exploded in size and we could now sell our products all across the continent. There was also more financial investment and,as a result, we went from having 20 employees to 200.

M: Which countries are your biggest market?

W: Besides Romania, our biggest market is Germany. There is strong demand there for our traditional-styled furniture.

8．Why did Samino’s grandparents start a furniture plant in Bucharest?

9．What was Samino’s grandfather trying to do?

10．What does Samino say about her company’s raw materials?

11．Where does Samino’s company sell their products?

8．A

【聽前預測】四個選項中出現了business、wood supply、capital和carpenters與木材或家具生意有關的詞匯。

結論：本題很有可能考查某人在做與木材有關的生意時發生的事情。聽音時應該多關注對話提出的相關問題和陳述。

【解析】在對話中，男士詢問女士的祖父母在布加勒斯特開辦家具廠的原因。女士解釋說是因為當時建筑業蓬勃發展，對家具的需求很旺盛，她的祖父母看到了這個商機，所以開辦了家具廠，故本題選A。這個問題在對話中由男士向女士詢問的，所以只要根據女士的回答即可確定答案。B、C兩項是使用對話中的原詞設置的干擾項，但與問題沒有關聯。D項文中并未提及。

9．D

【聽前預測】四個選項均以動詞原形開頭，其中前三個選項都含有擴大公司規模的表達：open...branch companies、enlarge their company和expand business，只有D項講述的是公司的商業目標。

結論：本題很有可能考查對話中某人的木材或家具公司的商業擴張計劃和商業目標。聽音時應該多關注對話中的相關陳述。

【解析】在對話中，女士表示她的祖父母在開辦家具廠時，主要的目標就是提供質優價廉的木制家具。D項符合原文，故為答案，其中的quality和affordable在對話中可以直接找到出處。A項的錯誤在于對話中只提及德國是該家具廠國外最大的市場，并沒有提及要多開辦幾家分公司；B項中的招聘更多員工出現在對話最后，是2007年羅馬尼亞加入歐盟給公司帶來的影響，和女士的祖父無關；對話中只提及曾經有段時間家具廠資金短缺，發展緩慢，并沒有吸引外資擴大工廠規模的內容，所以C項錯誤。

10．B

【聽前預測】四個選項均為以they為主語的描述性句子，且均描述了they的來源。

結論：根據Romania、imported、Germany和continent可推測出本題很可能考查木料的來源。

【解析】本題詢問了薩米諾女士關于家具廠的原材料的細節。那么在對話中，男士詢問了家具廠用的所有木料是否都來自當地，而薩米諾女士回答說原材料百分之百來自羅馬尼亞，所以B項正確，其他選項錯誤。

11．C

【聽前預測】四個選項均為介詞短語，表示地點。

結論：本題很可能考查公司的業務范圍。聽音時應多關注對話中的相關陳述。

【解析】本題詢問家具廠產品的銷售市場。在對話中，薩米諾女士提到當羅馬尼亞加入歐盟后，他們公司的市場規模急劇擴大，可以在整個歐洲大陸銷售產品，所以答案是C項。A項文中未提及；B、D兩項干擾性較大。雖然文中提到了布加勒斯特，但該信息出現在對話開頭，薩米諾女士的祖父在布加勒斯特開辦了家具廠，所以B項錯誤；薩米諾女士提到了產品銷往整個歐洲大陸，不僅限于羅馬尼亞，所以D項錯誤。

Conversation Two

M: Have you heard about the new restaurant, the Pearl? [12] Susan and I are going to try it out this weekend. We have a reservation on Saturday at 7 o’ clock. I can call to add two more to the table, if you would like.

W: That sounds great. We’d love to join you. You always seem to know the best places to go. Where do you hear about these things?

M: I have a habit of reading (614) magazine. [13] It has all the information on local events within the (614) column code area.

W: That’s a clever name for the magazine, then. Does it only focus on new restaurant openings?

M: They have other information, too. Things like concerts, festivals and small shops. I think the restaurant information and reviews are the most exciting, though. Each year they also sponsor a local event called Restaurant Week.

W: Restaurant Week? What’s that?

M: Oh, it’s wonderful! All the stylish restaurants participate. They have special set menus for the week, usually in spring, at a number of different price points. 14] Susan and I go to at least 3 different places during the event. It’s a great opportunity to try some of the more expensive restaurants at a discounted price and try something new. That’s how we found the Pearl, actually.

W: Wow! That’s an event I would be interested in. When will it be happening this year?

M: [15] You’re in luck. Restaurant Week starts in just a few days, the first Sunday in May Let’s make sure to set a double date during the event. Just let me know what type of food you would like to try.

W: OK. I will.

12．What does the man invite the woman to do this weekend?

13．What does the man say about (614) magazine?

14．What does the man usually do with Susan during Restaurant Week?

15．Why does the man say the woman is “in luck”?

12．C

【聽前預測】四個選項均以動詞原形開頭，且B、D兩項里面含有代詞him。四個選項都與活動有關，“參加餐館的開業慶典”“挑選珍珠”“試吃新餐館”和“去聽音樂會”。

結論：本題很可能考查對話中的人物在某個特定時間的活動計劃或安排。聽音時要關注him的活動計劃，可聯系選項關鍵詞在聽音時進行定位。

【解析】本題詢問對話中男士邀請女士周末參加什么活動。在對話一開始，男士就提到了一家餐廳的名字，并且提及他和蘇珊在本周末去試吃這家餐廳的計劃。然后他邀請女士一起去，并表示可以打電話讓餐廳加位子，所以C項正確。其他三項都是根據對話中的原詞設置的干擾項。

13．A

【聽前預測】四個選項的開頭都是it。根據provides information、specializes in food advertising和sponsored by local restaurants可推測it的指代對象很有可能是與餐廳或者食物有關的出版物。

結論：本題很有可能考查某報刊或者雜志的細節內容。聽音時應該多關注對話中的相關陳述，分辨出哪個選項提供的是正確信息。

【解析】本題考查了關于《（614）》這本雜志的相關細節。對話中，男士提到了《（614）》雜志提供有關當地活動的信息，所以A項是正確選項。其他三個選項的內容對話中都未體現。

14．B

【聽前預測】四個選項均以they開頭，并且包含了很多活動內容——“參加社交活動”“去不同的時尚餐廳吃飯”“參加各種娛樂活動”和“設計一套特別的菜單”。

結論：本題很有可能考查對話中的人物參加了什么活動。因此聽音時首先弄清楚they指代的對象，然后注意聽與they相關的活動內容，從而判斷四個選項中哪一個是正確的。

【解析】本題詢問男士和蘇珊在“餐廳周”期間通常做什么。在對話中，男士提到，在此活動期間，蘇珊和他至少會去3個不同的地方，而根據對話可知“3個不同地方”應該是指3家時尚餐廳，所以正確答案是B項。A項和C項在對話中均未提及；D項是對對話中的信息的曲解，對話中提到一些時尚餐廳設計了特別菜單，而不是男士和蘇珊。

15．D

【聽前預測】四個選項中都出現了“餐廳周”，且四個選項都用到了將來時態。

結論：本題一定是考查關于“餐廳周”的相關信息。聽音時應該多關注對話中相關細節的陳述。

【解析】題目詢問為什么這位男士會說女士“運氣好”。由對話結尾部分可知，男士說完女士運氣好后給出了解釋——“餐廳周”過幾天就要開始了，故正確答案是D項。

Section C

Passage One

【聽力原文】

All parents know it is difficult to get children to eat their vegetables. Some of them offer rewards or trea for children finishing their share. But researchers have discovered that youngsters who are not preys for trying vegetables, are more likely to eat them eventually. [16] The study found that the best way to get children to eat food they do not like is simply to give them repeated exposure to it. Psychologists from Ghent University in Belgium studied 98 children. They gave them 5 kinds of vegetables to eat—mushrooms, peas, eggplants, carrots and cabbages. [17] The taste tests revealed that carrots were the least liked vegetable among youngsters. The children were then given a bowl of boiled carrots and told to choose how much to eat. After eight minutes, they were asked to rate the dish as delicious, just OK, or disgusting. The trial went on twice a week for a month with a follow-up taste test after 8 weeks. Children were split into three groups, with one group asked to try the bowl of carrots repeatedly with no further encouragement. The other two groups were given rewards of a toy or verbal praise. [18] After the trial, 81% of children who simply tried the carrots consistently liked them. This is in contrast to 68% for the group given the toy, and 75% for the group given verbal praise.

16．What is the best way to get children to eat vegetables according to a recent study?

17．What did the researchers find about carrots

18．What does the result of this research show?

16．B

【解題思路】四個選項均為以動詞-ing形式開頭的短語，并且描述的內容大致是為了讓他們吃蔬菜而去做什么。

結論：四個選項中的動詞分別為explain、expose、improve和reward，選項中還分別有benefits、repeatedly、taste和eating，可大致推測這些動詞所對應的動作的目的就是為了讓他們吃蔬菜，聽音時應重點聽講話中提到了選項中的哪些詞匯及相關信息。

【解析】講話中提到，研究發現，讓孩子們吃他們不喜歡的食物的最好方法就是讓他們反復接觸這些食物，故B項為正確答案。A項和C項講話中沒有提及；由原文可知，提供獎勵并不是最好的方法（考生可參考講話最后的實驗結果），故排除D。

17．D

【解題思路】四個選項均為以they開頭的描述性句子，前兩項從正面描述了they的好處，第三項提及比利時烹調中最少使用they，最后一項則是一條負面信息，需要格外留意。

結論：四個選項中的關鍵詞是most nutritious、essential、least used和disliked，聽音時應重點聽講話中提到了選項中的哪些關鍵詞，與health、Belgian相關的內容也要著重聽。

【解析】講話中提到，品嘗測試顯示，胡蘿卜是小孩最不喜歡吃的蔬菜，故D項為正確答案。其余三項未提及，故排除。

18．C

【解題思路】四個選項均為描述性句子，前三項和孩子的飲食相關，最后一項描述的是蔬菜的特點，考生需要格外留意和其余選項區別很大的選項。

結論：四個選項中，A項和C項描述的是孩子對食物的選擇和飲食習慣的改變，B項從父母的角度描述，D項描述的是蔬菜的特點，這四個選項內容各異，因此，聽音時需注意關鍵詞，即choices、watch closely、eating habits、nutritional value，與vary、parents、changed、diffe相關的內容也要著重聽。

【解析】這道題目考查的是考生對全文的理解能力，四個選項并不能直接在聽力原文中找到對應內容，需要考生結合講話全部內容進行推斷，講話內容主要是關于科研人員針對培養兒童吃蔬菜習慣所做的一項研究，由講話最后提到的研究結果可知，三組參加測試的孩子中分別有81%、68%和75%的人喜歡上了胡蘿卜，而講話中間部分提到參加實驗的這98名兒童最不喜歡吃的蔬菜是胡蘿卜，這說明孩子的飲食習慣是可以被改變的，故C項為正確答案。

Passage Two

【聽力原文】

[19] One thing about the moon many people don’t know is that it has a lot of garbage on its surface left over from human space exploration. But how much garbage exactly have humans left on the moon? It’s hard to be accurate, but the trash likely weighs more than 181,000 kilograms on Earth. Much of it was left by American astronauts who landed on the lunar surface between 1969 and 1972 during NASA’s Apollo Missions.The other rubbish comes from missions that did not have human cruise. These missions were conducted by various space exploring agencies including those from the US, Russia, Japan, India and Europe. Many of the older pieces are equipment sent to learn about the moon. The equipment stayed there after its missions ended.The moon is also home to lunar orbiters that mapped the moon before they crashed into its surface, adding to the garbage heap. The objects left by the Apollo astronauts included the equipment that was no longer needed. [20]Bringing back unneeded equipment would have used up precious resources such as fuel. But as the saying goes, one person’s trash is another’s treasure. [21] Researchers can study the garbage left on the moon to see how its materials weathered the radiation and vacuum of space over time. Moreover, some of the objects on the moon are still being used including a laser range reflector left by theApollo 11 crew.

19．What does the passage say maybe unknown to many people?

20．Why has a lot of equipment been left on the moon?

21．What can researchers do with the garbage on the moon?

19．A

【解題思路】四個選項均為描述性句子，前兩項和月球有關，后兩項和太空探索有關。

結論：四個選項中，前兩項和月球有關，關鍵性的表達是garbage...on the moon、learn about the moon，后兩項和太空探索有關，關鍵性的表達有India、space exploration、consequences，因此聽音時應區分聽到的內容和月球還是太空探索有關。

【解析】講話中提到，關于月球，許多人不知道的一件事是，月球表面有許多由于人類探索太空留下的垃圾，故A項為正確答案。其余三項講話中未提及，故排除。

20．C

【解題思路】四個選項均為以it開頭的描述性句子，真正的解題關鍵是選項中含有負面色彩的表達，即risky、of no use、costly和damaged，可以大致猜測應該是對某事物的弊端的描寫。

結論：四個選項中分別提到關鍵性的表達risky、of no use、costly、damaged，聽音時應重點聽和這些關鍵詞相關的細節。

【解析】講話中提到，如果把不需要的設備帶回來，就會消耗燃料等寶貴資源，即成本太高，故C項為正確答案。其余三項講話中未提及，故排除。

21．D

【解題思路】四個選項均為動詞性短語，且描述的均是做某件事情。

結論：四個選項中分別提到的關鍵性表達是record...space exploration、monitor...weather、explore...human settlement、study...radiation and vacuum，考查具體的行為動作，聽音時應重點聽和這些關鍵詞相關的信息。

【解析】講話中提到，研究人員可以研究月球上遺留下來的垃圾，看看這些材料是如何隨著時間的流逝經受得住太空輻射和真空的。由此可知，D項為正確答案。其余三項講話中未提及，故排除。

Passage Three

【聽力原文】

In my line of work, I receive a lot of emails. I also send a lot of emails. Though social media and messaging apps have taken over some of the roles from email as a form of communication, [22] email is likely to retain an important role for business communication in the future. Surprisingly, though, a lot of companies and organizations like formal guidelines for emailing.

As most of you will soon be entering the workforce, I would like to share with you my own rules for emailing. [23] If someone sends you an email, reply to them acknowledging the email. A simple “thank you”lets the senders know that their email has arrived safely, that it has not been lost among what could be 50 other emails that have arrived in your email inbox that day. [24] It’s not necessary to reply to a mass email sent to numerous recipients. These emails are often informative rather than personalized correspondents requiring a response or action. [23] But it’s common politeness to respond to a personal message, preferably within 24 hours of receiving it.

It’s also important to use proper English. Just because emails are a quick form of communication doesn’t mean emails, especially business emails, should be written using informal, shortened forms of words. Think of an email as a letter. Spelling, grammar and punctuation should not be overlooked, [25] and never use capitals to emphasize a word or words in an email. It’s the same as yelling.

22．What does the passage say about email?

23．What should one do upon receiving a personalized email?

24．What does the passage say about a mass email?

25．What should one do when writing a business email?

22．D

【解題思路】四個選項都是以it開頭的句子，前兩個選項使用了一般將來時，是對未來趨勢的預測，后兩個選項使用了一般現在時，是對某事物的推測性描述。

結論：該題可能考查某一事物的未來發展趨勢。四個選項中分別強調的是be governed、be replaced、a competitor和a means of，因此在聽錄音時需留意與這幾個選項相關的內容，把握重點信息。

【解析】講話中提到，電子郵件可能會在未來的商業交流中繼續扮演重要角色。D項與講話中的表述含義一致，為正確答案。其中A項的have to be governed說法過于絕對，B項和C項與講話中“社交媒體和短信應用程序已經取代了電子郵件作為交流形式的一些角色”不一致，因此，A項、B項和C項均應排除。

23．A

【解題思路】四個選項都是動詞原形構成的祈使句。

結論：該題可能考查的是做某件事情的合適的方式，四個選項中分別強調的是make a...response、save the message、action...taken和examine the information，因此，聽錄音時需留意與這幾個選項相關的內容，把握重點信息。

【解析】講話中提到，如果有人給你發電子郵件，要回復他們確認收到郵件，后文又提到，最好在收到個人電子郵件后24小時內回復，這是一種基本的禮貌，由此可知A項與講話中的表述含義一致，為正確答案。B項和D項在講話中未提及，故均可排除。講話中提到了“采取行動”，是為了說明不必回復群發電子郵件，因為它們不是針對特定的收件人，要求回復或采取行動的郵件，講話中并沒有提及收到針對特定的收件人的郵件時需要看是否采取行動，因此C項與講話內容不符，故排除。

24．B

【解題思路】四個選項都以it作主語，且為一般現在時，是對it指代的事物的客觀描述。

結論：該題可能考查影響某一事件的性質以及該如何應對它，因此，聽錄音時需重點關注it指代的事物是什么，并留意與該事物相關的內容，把握相關信息。

【解析】講話中提到，不必回復有眾多接收者的群發電子郵件；這類電子郵件通常是告知性的，而不是針對特定的收信人，要求回復或采取行動的郵件。由此可知，B項與講話中的表述含義一致，為正確答案。A、C和D三項在講話中未提及，故均可排除。

25．C

【解題思路】四個選項都是動詞原形構成的祈使句。

結論：該題可能考查的是做某件事情的恰當方式，由選項內容可知應該是寫信或寫郵件的風格和規則。由于四個選項強調的都是方式或方法，因此，聽錄音時需留意與這幾個選項相關的內容，把握重點信息。

【解析】講話中提到，永遠不要在郵件中用大寫字母來強調一個或多個單詞，這和大喊大叫沒有區別。C項與講話中的表述含義一致，故為正確答案。講話中提到，僅僅因為電子郵件是一種快速的交流形式，并不意味著電子郵件……應該使用非正式的、縮略的文字形式，由此可知，A項、D項錯誤。B項講話中沒有提及，故可排除。