第三章 審判組織
Chapter Ⅲ Trial Organization

第三十九條 人民法院審理第一審民事案件，由審判員、陪審員共同組成合議庭或者由審判員組成合議庭。合議庭的成員人數(shù)，必須是單數(shù)。

適用簡易程序?qū)徖淼拿袷掳讣?，由審判員一人獨(dú)任審理。

陪審員在執(zhí)行陪審職務(wù)時(shí)，與審判員有同等的權(quán)利義務(wù)。

Article 39 The people's court of first instance shall try civil cases by a collegial panel composed of both judges and judicial assessors or of judges alone. The collegial panel must have an odd number of members.

Civil cases in which summary procedure is followed shall be tried by a single judge alone.

When performing their duties, the judicial assessors shall have equal rights and obligations as the judges.

第四十條 人民法院審理第二審民事案件，由審判員組成合議庭。合議庭的成員人數(shù)，必須是單數(shù)。

發(fā)回重審的案件，原審人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)按照第一審程序另行組成合議庭。

審理再審案件，原來是第一審的，按照第一審程序另行組成合議庭；原來是第二審的或者是上級人民法院提審的，按照第二審程序另行組成合議庭。

Article 40 The people's court of second instance shall try civil cases by a collegial panel of judges. The collegial panel must have an odd number of members.

If a case is remanded for retrial, the original trying court shall form a new collegial panel in accordance with the procedure of first instance.

If a case for retrial was originally tried at first instance, a new collegial panel shall be formed according to the procedure of first instance; if the case was originally tried at second instance or is brought by a people's court at a higher level for trial, a new collegial panel shall be formed according to the procedure of second instance.

第四十一條 合議庭的審判長由院長或者庭長指定審判員一人擔(dān)任；院長或者庭長參加審判的，由院長或者庭長擔(dān)任。

Article 41 The president of the court or the chief judge of a division of the court shall designate a judge to serve as the presiding judge of a collegial panel; if the president or the chief judge participates in the trial, he shall serve as the presiding judge.

第四十二條 合議庭評議案件，實(shí)行少數(shù)服從多數(shù)的原則。評議應(yīng)當(dāng)制作筆錄，由合議庭成員簽名。評議中的不同意見，必須如實(shí)記入筆錄。

Article 42 When deliberating a case, a collegial panel shall observe the rule of majority. The deliberations shall be recorded in writing, and the transcript shall be signed by the members of the collegial panel. Dissenting opinions in the deliberations must be truthfully entered in the transcript.

第四十三條 審判人員應(yīng)當(dāng)依法秉公辦案。

審判人員不得接受當(dāng)事人及其訴訟代理人請客送禮。

審判人員有貪污受賄，徇私舞弊，枉法裁判行為的，應(yīng)當(dāng)追究法律責(zé)任；構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任。

Article 43 The adjudicators shall deal with all cases impartially and in accordance with the law.

The adjudicators shall not accept any treat or gift from the parties or their agents ad litem.

Any adjudicator who commits embezzlement, accepts bribes, engages in malpractice for personal benefits or who perverts the law in passing judgment shall be investigated for legal responsibility;if the act constitutes a crime, the offender shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to the law.