Key words ＆ Sentences

關鍵詞句全知道

Chinese paintings use ink as their dominant feature while color is peripheral。

當色彩還不是很流行時，中國畫以墨色為主。

Blank spaces are often appeared in Chinese paintings。

在國畫中經常看見有空白的地方。

The principal forms of traditional Chinese paintings are the hanging scroll， album of paintings， sectoral paintings and long horizontal scroll。

國畫的四大基本形式是掛畫、畫冊、扇面畫和長畫條幅。

A painting is not considered to have been completed until it is mounted。

只有上裱了的國畫才算是正式完成。

Traditional Chinese painting’s content and artistic creation reflect the national consciousness of the Chinese nation and the aesthetic taste。

國畫在內容和藝術創作上，反映了中華民族的民族意識和審美情趣。

According to the screen， it can be divided into traditional painting and modern painting。

國畫根據畫面內容又可以分為傳統繪畫和現代繪畫。

Picasso， Matisse， Monet and so on have studied Chinese paintings。

畢加索、馬蒂斯、莫奈等都學過中國畫。

Ladies paintings refer to the paintings which treat beauties as the main content。

仕女畫是指以美女為主要內容的畫。

Mr。 Qi Baishi was a skillful poet， calligrapher and seal－cutter。

齊白石是一個有名的詩人、書法家，篆刻家。

Chinese painting is a combination in the same picture of poetry， calligraphy， painting and seal engraving。 They were indispensable elements， which supply and enrich each other in contributing to the beauty of the whole picture。

中國畫中集結了各種藝術，包括詩詞、書法、繪畫、篆刻，這些都是獨立的元素，但都為國畫的優雅增添了一分色彩。

At the beginning of the 20th century， some painters from Shanghai， Hangzhou， Nanjing， Guangzhou and Beijing started to challenge the old tradition of Chinese painting by introducing new art concepts from the West and establishing in art school to train artists。

20世紀初，一些來自上海、杭州、南京、廣州和北京等的畫家通過引進西方新的藝術概念來沖擊國畫這一傳統藝術，并且在藝術學校被接受，用以訓練藝術家。

Mr。 Qi Baishi’s favorite subjects included flowers， insects， birds， landscapes and human figures。

齊白石最喜歡畫花蟲鳥、山水和人物。

There are something different between Chinese paintings and oil paintings。

中國畫和油畫有很多不同。

Traditional Chinese ink painting is one of the brilliant Chinese culture creations。

國畫是古代人民智慧的結晶的一種表現形式。

In the early years of the People’s Republic of China， artists were encouraged to turn to the socialist realism。

在共和國成立初期，國家鼓勵畫家轉向現實主義風格。

The color is very simple and elegant in traditional Chinese paintings。

國畫的顏色都很素雅。

Traditional Chinese painting is a good gift to give because it can show the characteristics of China。

國畫是送人的好禮品，能展現中國的特色。

The painting is now generally painted on the Xuan paper。

現在的國畫一般都是在宣紙上畫。

Traditional Chinese painting， as China’s traditional crafts， is receiving social and cultural impact。

國畫作為我國傳統手藝，正在接受社會文化的沖擊。

Let’s Talk！

開始交流吧！

Lily： Hi， nice to meet you。 How are you？

莉莉：很高興見到你，你好嗎？

Chen Xi： Fine。 Thank you。

陳曦：我很好。

Lily： Could you do me a favor？

莉莉：你能幫我個忙嗎？

Chen Xi： Sure。 What is it？

陳曦：當然可以。什么事？

Lily： I bought a piece of Chinese painting。 There is a poem in the painting。 I wonder if you can translate it for me。

莉莉：我買了一副中國畫。畫上有一首詩。你能把它翻譯成英語嗎？

Chen Xi： No problem。 But， you know， I’m not a translator and poems are the hardest to be translated。

陳曦：沒問題。但是，你知道。我不是一個專門做翻譯的，而且詩歌是最難譯的。

Lily： I know that。 Just tell me the general meaning of the poem。 I’m not asking you to translate it into poem。 Here is the painting。

莉莉：這我知道。你只需要告訴我大概意思就行了。你不需要把它翻譯成詩歌。這就是那幅畫。

Chen Xi： In that case， it is much easier。 Oh， how beautiful it is！ Let me see。 The painter is Mr。 Qi Baishi。 He is a famous artist。 Where did you buy it？

陳曦：那樣就容易多了。噢，這畫真漂亮！讓我看看，作者是齊白石，他是著名的藝術家。你從哪兒買的？

Lily： It is from a store on the Liu Li Chang Street。 I don’t know there is a name of the artist。 I just like the pictures。

莉莉：從琉璃廠街的一個商店買的。我不知道畫上還有作者的名字。我就是喜歡這畫。

Chen Xi： If the painter is a famous ancient artist， the painting would be much more valuable。 It is a custom that a painting will always have the artist’s seal。

陳曦：如果是一個著名的古代畫家，他的畫會貴重得多。中國畫一般會有畫家的印章。

Lily： Thank you。 I learned a lot from you。

莉莉：謝謝。我從你那兒學了不少東西。

Chen Xi： My pleasure。

陳曦：不用謝。

Chinese National Music

古典民樂

我國古典民樂源于勞動人民的生活以豐富多彩的形式存在于現實生活中。在我國，一個由56個民族共同組成的大家庭中，民族音樂豐富多彩，猶如繁茂的鮮花，競相爭艷。它們涵蓋的藝術種類繁多，它們都是勞動人民集體智慧的結晶，是凝聚各族人民團結的紐帶，對于保持我們中華民族文化的獨特審美趣味并傳承中國音樂文化精神起著極為重要的作用。

Realize Chinese National Music

認識古典民樂

1古典民樂的簡介

Chinese national music is the traditional art or court music of China。 It has a long history stretching for more than three thousand years。 It has its own unique systems of musical notation， as well as musical tuning and pitch， musical instruments and styles or musical genres。

Chinese national music is pentatonic－diatonic， having a scale of twelve notes to an octave as does European－influenced music。

Chinese national music appeared dating back to the dawn of Chinese civilization， and documents and artifacts provide evidence of a well－developed musical culture as early as Zhou Dynasty （1046 BC–256 BC）。

National music is probably more familiar with us than we might think at first image。 Indeed， it is all around us in the past and can be noticed in restaurants， supermarkets， lifts， advertisements or in television programmes。

Unluckily， while national music is socially undivisive in itself， it has unfortunately become associated in most people’s minds with the intellectual elite。 Even now， and with certain honorable exceptions， the attending of a live concert can be an intimidating （not to say costly） experience for the uninitiated， especially in that most jealously guarded of establishments， the opera house。 The wonderful thing about the technological age in which we live， and particularly the advent of the compact disc， is that we can bypass all irrelevant social and intellectual pretence， and enjoy in the comfort of our own home （often at far less cost） some of the finest music ever composed。

2古典民樂的樂器種類和名曲

（1）古典民樂的樂器