二、區域政府在供給側運用三駕馬車推動市場經濟發展
II. A Regional Government Utilizes the Supply-side Troika to Boost Market Economy

凱恩斯在1936年出版的《就業、利息和貨幣通論》中提出一個國家要實現充分就業，促進經濟增長，需要采取擴張性的財政政策，刺激投資和消費。在此之后，有學者從拉動經濟、擴大就業的視角出發，提出用投資、消費、出口三方面發力的三駕馬車拉動經濟增長。

筆者的研究認為，凱恩斯的經濟學理論在資源稀缺與資源生成方面存在一些問題。

筆者認為，資源生成與資源稀缺是資源配置中的一對孿生兒，是資源配置中不可分割的兩個方面。

資源生成即生成性資源，它不是計劃設定的產物，而是原已存在或隨著時代進程客觀需要存在，由靜態進入動態、由非生產性進入生產性，并在其中形成經濟效應的產物。

在對資源生成領域的開發和利用中，政府在供給側形成以下三駕馬車來推動市場經濟發展。

(1)要素供給，包括有形要素(例如開發太空資源、深海資源、極地資源等)和無形要素(例如開發技術、數據資源等)；它涉及世界各國微觀企業生產要素的內涵及其變革。

(2)環境供給，包括硬環境(例如投資城市基礎設施、生態環保等)和軟環境(例如制定政策措施、提高管理效率等)；它涉及世界各國營商環境的內涵及其變革。

(3)市場供給，包括市場橫向體系(例如開拓產業經濟、城市經濟、國際經濟等)和市場縱向體系(例如建設與完善市場要素、市場組織、市場法治、市場監管、市場環境、市場基礎設施等)；它涉及世界各國市場領域的開拓與市場體系的完善，以及市場經濟內涵的變革。

Keynes proposed in The General Theory of Employment , Interest, and Money published in 1936 that a country must adopt expansionary fiscal policies to stimulate investment and consumption in order to achieve full employment and boost economic growth. Since then, from the perspective of stimulating economy and expanding employment, scholars have put forward that it is wise use the troika (investment, consumption and export) to boost economic growth.

The author believes that Keynes′ economics is flawed in resource scarcity and resource generation.

Resource generation and resource scarcity are both inseparable aspects of resource allocation.

Resource generation, also known as generative resource, is not a planned product, but a product that already exists or must exist with the development of the times. It goes from being static to being dynamic and from being non-productive to being productive, and forms economic effects therewithin.

In the development and utilization of generative resource, the government forms the following troika on the supply side to promote the development of market economy.

(1) Supply of factor, including tangible factors (such as space resource, deep-sea resource, and polar region resource) and intangible factors (such as technology resource and data resource). It unveils the connotation and transformation process of micro enterprise′s factor of production in various countries around the world.

(2) Supply of environment, including hard environment (such as urban infrastructure and ecological protection) and soft environment (such as policies and management efficiency). It unveils the connotation and transformation process of business environment in various countries around the world.

(3) Supply of market, including the transverse market system (such as developing industrial economy, urban economy, and international economy) and the longitudinal market system (such as building and improving market factors, market organizations, market legal system, market supervision, market environment, and market infrastructure). It unveils the market development, market system improvement, and the transformation process of the connotation of market economy in various countries around the world.