第三節 建設工程施工合同

建設工程施工合同（Engineering Works Contract）是指發包方（建設單位）和承包方（施工人）為完成商定的施工工程，明確相互權利、義務的協議。依照施工合同，施工單位應完成建設單位交給的施工任務，建設單位應按照規定提供必要條件并支付工程價款。建設工程施工合同是承包人進行工程建設施工，發包人支付價款的合同，是建設工程的主要合同，同時也是工程建設質量控制、進度控制、投資控制的主要依據。施工合同的當事人是發包方和承包方，雙方是平等的民事主體。

建設工程施工合同中甲方、乙方一般分別指發包方（contract letting party）和承包方（contractor）。在一個標準的建設施工合同中，常見的專有條款涵蓋：工程概括、工程工期、工程價款、付款方式、工程質量、竣工驗收、違約責任等。

一、工程概況條款（Work Overview）

工程概括條款下主要包含工程名稱、工程地點、承包方式、承包內容、工期等。如：

范例一：

Work Overview：

1.Name of project：Phase II Standard Workshop Renovation and Construction Project of Company A.

2.Location of project：________________________________________________

3.Contracting Means：Overall contracting，including contracting of materials and labor，quality，safety and schedule.

4.Contracting contents：include all works of demolishment and construction，which shall be subject to the attached Bills of Quantities.

參考譯文：

工程概況：

1.工程名稱：A公司二期標準廠房改造施工工程

2.工程地點：________________________________________________

3.承包方式：總承包（包工包料，包質量，包安全，包工期）

4.承包內容：包括所有的拆除及施工工程，以附件《工程量清單》為準。

范例二：

Project contents：

A.Construction of network cabling systems of the new R & D center；

B.Construction of Data Center，mainly includes：data center decoration and electrical systems，air-conditioning systems，access control systems etc.

參考譯文：

工程范圍：

A.新研發中心和新廠房的網絡綜合布線系統的施工；

B.數據中心的建設，主要包含：數據中心的裝飾工程、電氣系統、空調系統、機房門禁系統等。

范例三：

Nature of contracting：Party B shall be responsible for both labor and materials of this project，and will be responsible for the quality，safety，and code of conduct during the project construction.

參考譯文：

承包方式：乙方以包工包料，包工程質量、包安全、包文明施工的方式承包工程。

二、工程工期（Duration of Project）

Duration of Project：Commencement date：March 1，2019

Completion date：October 30，2019

Total number of days of construction：243 days.

In case of the following circumstances，after the visa confirmation of on-site representative of Party A，the construction period can be postponed accordingly：

（1）In the course of construction，in case of power failure，water supply failure that lasts for more than 8 hours or more than 3 times of continuous intermittent water supply failure and power failure（more than 4 hours each time），affecting normal construction；or there is more than 2 days of water supply failure and power failure；

（2）Force majeure such as typhoon，heavy rain，and hurricane causes delays in construction；

（3）Other factors that are beyond the control of manpower causes delays in construction.

參考譯文：

工程工期：開工日期：2019年3月1日

竣工日期：2019年10月30日

總工期天數：243天。

如遇下列情況，經甲方現場代表簽證確認后，工期可相應順延：

（1）在施工中如因停電、停水8小時以上或連續間歇性停水、停電3次以上；（每次連續4小時以上），影響正常施工；或者停水停電2天以上；

（2）因臺風、暴雨、颶風等不可抗力的因素導致工期延期；

（3）因人力不可抗拒的其他因素導致延誤工期。

三、工程價款（Project Cost）

建設工程合同常見的報價方式有：總價包干（total price contracting）、單價包干（unit price contracting）。總價包干也稱為固定總價或者大包干，是指工程量和價格都包死了，不存在審計，完工直接結算。單價包干相當于據實結算，單價不變，工程量依據現場實際完成量據實計量。

范例一：

The total project price is RMB 20 million. This quotation is the total price contracting and covers materials and labor cost. In the event of fluctuation of the market price of materials，labor cost or changes in national policy，the total price will not be adjusted.

參考譯文：

工程總價為人民幣2000萬元。該報價為固定總價。承包人包工包料，即使市場材料價格、人工價格或國家政策變化，固定總價不做任何調整。

范例二：

Contract price：The construction costs of this contract is RMB 20 million.

If the construction content or materials are changed，the corresponding project costs will be adjusted according to the actual costs incurred.

參考譯文：

合同價款：本合同工程造價為人民幣為2000萬元。

若變更施工內容或材料等，變更部分對應的工程款按實際發生另計。

范例三：

Project price：The calculation method of the project price is：the unit price is________yuan/m2 （tax included）. The price includes the direct cost，indirect cost，construction cost and supervision cost incurred by Party B to complete the qualified project. The specific area is subject to the construction drawings.

The unit price is the price for settlement of project cost，and no adjustment is made during the validity period of this contract.

參考譯文：

工程價款：工程款計價辦法為：單價包干人民幣________元/m2（含稅），該包干價含乙方為完成本合格工程承包范圍的直接費用、間接費用、施工措施費用及監理費用等，具體面積以施工圖紙為準。

單價包干為結算單價，在本合同有效期內不作調整。

范例四：

Project cost：Total project cost is ____________ yuan（CNY）. Detailed contract price list is shown in attached quotation list.

In the detailed design and construction process，if the project quantity changes，project cost will be adjusted according to the contract unit price；if the material is changed，the project cost will be adjusted according to the supplemental agreement agreed by both parties.

參考譯文：

工程造價

合同工程總造價為￥________元（CNY）。詳細合同價格表見附件報價清單。

在詳細設計和施工過程中，若工程量發生變化，按合同單價相應調整工程造價；若材質發生變化，按雙方商定的補充協議調整工程造價。

范例五：

The total contract amount is RMB________，which is fixed total price contract.

This contract price includes the cost of equipment and materials，labor cost，machinery cost，management cost，profit，tax，government charges，insurance，transportation，service fee，and all other cost for the completion of the project，as well as system testing，installation，and commsioning costs.

參考譯文：

本合同價格為人民幣________，為固定總價合同。

本合同價款包括設備材料費、人工費、機械費、管理費、利潤、稅金、政府費用、保險費、運輸費、服務費，及為完成本工程所發生的其他費用，還包括了設備檢測、安裝調試等費用。

四、付款方式（Methods of Payment）

Payment of project cost：project advance payment of 30% of the total project cost will be paid within 5 days after the contract is signed；40% of the project cost will be paid upon the completion of project main structure；25% of the project cost will be paid upon acceptance of the project；the remaining 5% is used as the quality guarantee deposit and will be paid in a lump sum within 5 days after the expiration of the warranty.

參考譯文：

工程合同款支付：合同簽訂后5日內支付工程款30%的預付款；主體工程完成，支付工程款的40%；工程驗收合格后支付工程款的25%；剩余5%作為質保金，五年質保期滿后5日內一次性付清。

五、工程質量（Quality of Project）

范例一：

The project quality standard is “qualified” and meets the requirements of engineering construction drawings and engineering technical specifications. The inspection agency shall be designated by Party ________ to inspect the quality of the project，and the inspection fee shall be borne by Party ________.

參考譯文：

工程質量等級為“合格”，并且符合工程施工圖紙及工程技術規范要求。由________方指定檢測單位對工程質量進行檢測，檢測費由________方承擔。

范例二：

The quality of the project must comply with the requirements of the current national quality acceptance specifications and standards for engineering construction.

If the quality of the project does not meet the contractual standards due to the contract letting party’s responsibility，the contract letting party shall bear the increased costs and/or delays of the construction period and pay the contractor a reasonable profit.

If the quality of the project does not meet the contracted standards due to the contractor’s responsibility，the contract letting party has the right to request the contractor to repair，rework or rebuild until the quality of the project meets the contracted standards，and the contractor shall bear the additional costs and/or delayed construction period.

參考譯文：

工程質量必須符合現行國家有關工程施工之質量驗收規范和標準的要求。

因發包人原因造成工程質量未達到合同約定標準的，由發包人承擔由此增加的費用和（或）延誤的工期，并支付承包人合理的利潤。

因承包人原因造成工程質量未達到合同約定標準的，發包人有權要求承包人修理或者返工、改建直至工程質量達到合同約定的標準為止，并由承包人承擔由此增加的費用和（或）延誤的工期。

范例三：

Quality of Project：the quality shall be “Excellent”，and shall meet the requirements of this contract and the National Quality Standards，and shall by guaranteed to be accepted at the first attempt upon project completion. The scope of as-built acceptance includes，but not limited to：（1）concealed work；（2）itemized project；（3）reports of experiment；（4）reports of materials testing. In the event that project fails to be accepted at the first inspection and thus leads to delay in the start of the subsequent projects，Party B shall compensate Party A at the daily rate of 2‰ of the total contract price as penalty，but the total amount shall not exceed 5% of the total contract price.

參考譯文：

工程質量：質量合格，達到本合同要求和國家質量驗收標準，并確保竣工驗收一次合格。驗收內容包括但不限于：（1）隱蔽工程；（2）分項工程；（3）實驗報告；（4）材料驗收報告。如果由于驗收未能一次通過而導致后續工程開工的延遲，乙方將按照每日工程總額的2‰ 金額賠償給甲方作為罰金，但最多不得超過工程總價款的5%。

六、竣工驗收（Acceptance）

After the completion of the project，upon the contractor’s application for acceptance，it shall proceed in accordance with the following procedures：

（1）After the contractor submits the application report for acceptance to the supervisor，the supervisor shall complete the review and submit it to the contractor within 14 days after receiving the application report. If the supervisor considers that the conditions for acceptance have not been met，the contractor shall be notified of the work contents to be completed by the contractor before the acceptance inspection. The contractor shall submit the completion acceptance application report again after completing all the work contents notified by the supervisor.

參考譯文：

工程竣工后，承包人申請竣工驗收的，應當按照以下程序進行：

（1）承包人向監理人報送竣工驗收申請報告，監理人應在收到竣工驗收申請報告后14天內完成審查并報送發包人。監理人審查后認為尚不具備驗收條件的，應通知承包人在竣工驗收前承包人還需完成的工作內容，承包人應在完成監理人通知的全部工作內容后，再次提交竣工驗收申請報告。

（2）If the supervisor considers that the conditions for acceptance have been met，the application for acceptance shall be submitted to the contract letting party. The contract letting party shall complete the review within 28 days after receiving the application report for acceptance，and shall organize the supervisor，contractor，designer and surveyor and other relevant units for the completion acceptance.

參考譯文：

（2）監理人審查后認為已具備竣工驗收條件的，應將竣工驗收申請報告提交發包人，發包人應在收到經監理人審核的竣工驗收申請報告后28天內審核完畢并組織監理人、承包人、設計人、勘察人等相關單位完成竣工驗收。

（3）If the completion acceptance is qualified，the contract letting party shall issue a project acceptance certificate to the contractor within 14 days after the acceptance is passed.

參考譯文：

（3）竣工驗收合格的，發包人應在驗收合格后14天內向承包人簽發工程接收證書。

（4）In case the contract letting party fails to organize the acceptance within 28 days after receiving the application for acceptance submitted by the contractor，or fails to sign the acceptance conclusion after acceptance while does not give any opinion，it shall be deemed that the project has passed the completion acceptance.

參考譯文：

（4）發包人在收到承包人遞交的竣工驗收申請報告后28天內無正當理由不組織驗收，或者驗收后不簽署驗收結論又不提出意見的，視為竣工驗收合格。

七、違約責任（Liability for Breach of Contract）

范例一：

In case Party B fails to complete the work on time，it shall compensate Party A at the daily rate of 3‰ of the total contract price as penalty（directly deducted from the project cost）；the unreasonable delay of 15 days or more shall be regarded as a fundamental breach of contract. Party A has the right to terminate this contract. In addition to the full refund of the construction amount paid by Party A，Party B shall also pay Party A penalty of 20% of the total construction cost.

參考譯文：

乙方未能按時竣工的，每延期一日應按工程總價款的千分之三向甲方支付違約金（從工程款中直接扣除）；無故延期15日以上視為根本性違約，甲方有權解除本合同，乙方除應全額退還甲方已支付的工程款外，還應向甲方支付工程總價款的20%的違約金。

范例二：

In case quality problem occurs in the project，it shall be regarded as a serious breach of contract by Party B. Depending on the seriousness of the problem，Party B shall pay Party A penalty of 10%-30% of the construction cost（can be directly deducted from the project cost）. In addition，Party B shall compensate for the losses caused to Party A.

參考譯文：

工程出現質量問題視為乙方嚴重違約，視情節輕重乙方應按工程款的10%-30%向甲方支付違約金（可從工程款中直接扣除），此外應賠償因此給甲方造成的損失。

范例三：

In case one party rescinds or terminates this contract arbitrarily，the party in breach shall pay the non-breach party liquidated damages of 20% of the construction cost.

參考譯文：

協議一方擅自解除或終止本合同的，違約方應按工程款的20%向守約方支付違約金。

范例四：

The construction project shall be completed independently by Party B. Party B is not allowed to use affiliated construction team，subcontract the project wholly or partly，or illegally complete the construction. Otherwise，Party B constitutes a fundamental breach of contract. Party A has the right to unilaterally terminate the contract and has the right to seek recourse from Party B liquidated damages of 30% of the total contract price.

參考譯文：

本工程應由乙方獨立完成施工，不得使用掛靠施工隊伍，不得把工程分包、轉包、乙方不得違法施工，否則，乙方構成根本違約，甲方有權單方解除合同，并有權向乙方追索合同總價30%的違約金。

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