第3章 一般過去時

一般過去時：描述過去的性質、動作或狀態的時態。

一般過去時的構成

一般過去時的用法

1. 表示過去具體時間發生的動作或行為。

Tom looked very well when I last saw him.

上次我見到湯姆的時候，他看起來氣色很好。

2. 表示在過去一段時間內經常性或習慣性的動作。

When I was a child，I often played football in the street.

我小時候經常在街上踢足球。

Whenever the Browns went during their visit，they were given a warm

welcome. 在訪問期間，無論布朗一家去哪里，都受到了熱情的歡迎。

I went to the West Lake twice last year.

我去年去過西湖兩次。

3. 敘述過去有過或未有過的事情。

It never occurred to me that he would be admitted to the key middle school. 我從來沒想到他會被那所重點中學錄取。

4. 追述逝去的人或事。

The book was written by Mr. Luxun. 這本書是魯迅先生寫的。

Chris was an invalid all her life.

克里斯終身殘疾。（她已經不在人世了）

要點拓展

1. want，intend，wish，wonder，think，hope以及情態動詞would，could等用過去時，表達詢問、請求、建議等，表示委婉的語氣。

Did you want anything else?你還需要些什么嗎？

I wondered if you could help me. 我想知道你能不能幫我一下?

Could you lend me your bike?我能借用一下你的自行車嗎？

2. 一般過去時用在如下表示虛擬語氣的句型中。

It is time sb. did sth. = It is time for sb. to do sth

“到……時間了”“該……了”

It is time you went to bed. =It is time for you to go to bed.

你該睡覺了。

would（had）rather sb. did sth. 寧愿某人做某事

I'd rather you came tomorrow. 我寧愿你明天來。

3. used to的特殊性。

used to do：“過去常常”表示過去習慣性的動作或狀態，但如今已不存在。

Mother used not to be so forgetful. 媽媽以前沒那么健忘。（現在很健忘）

He used to take a walk. 他過去經常散步。（現在不散步了）

4. 一般過去時和過去進行時的區別。

① 一般過去時側重于說明發生某動作的事實，過去進行時則側重于強調某動作的持續過程或動作持續的長度。

It rained cats and dogs last night.

昨晚雨下得真大。（強調下過雨，不強調持續的時間）

It was raining cats and dogs last night.

昨晚整整一夜都在下雨。（強調雨沒停，一直在持續）

② 一般過去時表示動作已完成，而過去進行時表示動作未完成。

She read a science fiction last night.

她昨晚讀了一本科幻小說。（可能讀完了）

She was reading a science fiction at 8 last night.

昨晚八點她在讀一本科幻小說。（當時動作持續的狀態）

③ 一般過去時可表示時斷時續的動作，而過去進行時通常表示持續的不間斷的動作。

I sometimes walked to the office to avoid the heavy traffic.

我以前有時走著去上班是為了躲開交通擁堵。

He was working from 4 o'clock until suppertime.

他從四點一直工作到晚飯時間。

④ 兩者在句中可同時出現。前者表示短暫的重要動作，后者為前者提供背景，起鋪墊作用。

When you phoned，I was visiting with my foreign teacher.

你打電話來的時候，我正在拜訪我的外籍教師。

專項訓練

1. — We could have walked to the station；it was so near.

— Yes. A taxi__________at all necessary.

A. wasn't

B. hadn't been

C. wouldn't be

D. won't be

答案：A 敘述過去的事情。

2. — Oh，it's you！I__________you.

— I've just had my hair cut，and I'm wearing new glasses.

A. didn't recognize

B. hadn't recognized

C. haven't recognized

D. don't recognize

答案：A 盡管沒有出現明確的表示過去的時間狀語，但從語境中可以得知是剛剛發生的事情。

3. Old Tom gave up smoking for a while，but soon__________to his old ways.

A. returned

B. returns

C. was returning

D. had returned

答案：A but連接的兩個簡單句，從意思上分析，都是過去發生的事情。

4. My uncle__________until he was forty-five.

A. married

B. didn't get married

C. was not marrying

D. would marry

答案：B not…until句型表示“直到……才……”。

5. This is Ted's photo. We miss him a lot. He__________trying to save a child in the earthquake.

A. killed

B. is killed

C. was killed

D. was killing

答案：C 陳述過去的事實。

6. Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend，__________up in no time.

A. to stand

B. standing

C. stood

D. would stand

答案：C and連接的兩個動詞短語是sat under a tree和stood up in no time”。

7. Oh，it's half past eleven now. It's high time you__________to bed as you have to rise early tomorrow.

A. went

B. goes

C. will go

D. can go

答案：A 句型“It is high time …”中，用一般過去時。

8. I wonder why the boy I__________honest was caught cheating in the examination.

A. considered

B. consider

C. have considered

D. had considered

答案：A 這句話意味著“我曾經認為他很誠實，作弊被抓后我已經不這樣認為了”。所以，consider這個動作是過去時。

9. The year 2002__________remarkable changes in Shanghai's landscape.

A. sees

B. has seen

C. saw

D. had seen

答案：C the year 2002是明確的一般過去時的時間狀語。

10. I thought Jim would say something about his school report，but he__________it.

A. doesn't mention

B. hadn't mentioned

C. didn't mention

D. hasn't mentioned

答案：C “我本來認為吉姆會就他的成績單說些什么，但是，他根本沒提這件事。”這里的mention是一個過去發生的動作。

11. The play had already been on for quite some time when we__________at the theatre.

A. have arrived

B. arrived

C. had arrived

D. arrive

答案：B 演出開始發生在我們到達劇院之前，所以用一般過去時。

12. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I__________there several years ago.

A. are going

B. had been

C. went

D. have been

答案：C several years ago是明確的一般過去時的時間狀語。

13. I__________while reading the English textbook. Luckily，my roommate woke me up in time！

A. had fallen asleep

B. have fallen asleep

C. fell asleep

D. fall asleep

答案：C 從句子意思可以得知“睡著了”是一般過去時。

14. — How are the team playing?

— They're playing well，but one of them__________hurt.

A. got

B. gets

C. are

D. were

答案：A 盡管上文中出現的全是現在進行時，但是“受傷”這個動作是已經發生過的。

15. — What were you doing when Tony phoned you?

— I had just finished my work and__________to take a shower.

A. had started

B. started

C. have started

D. was starting

答案：B “開始洗澡”緊接著“完成工作”后發生，因此用一般過去時。

16. After he had broken the world record，Rod__________to a restaurant to celebrate with his friends.

A. went

B. had gone

C. would go

D. has gone

答案：A 表示發生在過去完成時后的動作。

17. — Why did you leave that position?

—I__________a better position at IBM.

A. offer

B. offered

C. am offered

D. was offered

答案：D 與上文時態一致，表示過去發生的事情。

18. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s，when people__________to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.

A. begin

B. began

C. have begun

D. had begun

答案：B when指的是前面的the early 1990s，這是個明確的一般過去時的時間狀語。

19. The discussion__________alive when an interesting topic was brought in.

A. was coming

B. had come

C. has come

D. came

答案：D 受到從句when an interesting topic was brought in的影響，主句用過去時。

20. — I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.

— Oh，how nice！Do you know when she__________?

A. was leaving

B. had left

C. has left

D. left

答案：D 表示過去發生的動作。