(20)不規(guī)則動詞(Irregular Verb)
不規(guī)則動詞卻不像規(guī)則動詞那樣,可以有一定的法則,它的變化很多,現(xiàn)勉強(qiáng)分為下列四種:
① 原形、過去式、過去分詞三者同形的
(原形) |
(過去式) |
(過去分詞) |
cast(投) |
cast |
cast |
cut(切) |
cut |
cut |
hit(打) |
hit |
hit |
shut(關(guān)) |
shut |
shut |
put(放) |
put |
put |
cost(費(fèi)) |
cost |
cost |
knit(編織) |
knit |
knit |
hurt(傷) |
hurt |
hurt |
burst(爆炸) |
burst |
burst |
set(安放) |
set |
set |
shed(流) |
shed |
shed |
spread(擴(kuò)大) |
spread |
spread |
read(讀) |
read |
read |
② 只有元音有變化的
(a)過去式及過去分詞同形的
bleed(出血) |
bled |
bled |
breed(養(yǎng)育) |
bred |
bred |
feed(飼養(yǎng)) |
fed |
fed |
lead(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)) |
led |
led |
meet(相遇) |
met |
met |
shoot(射擊) |
shot |
shot |
find(尋找) |
found |
found |
bind(縛) |
bound |
bound |
wind(旋) |
wound |
wound |
fight(戰(zhàn)) |
fought |
fought |
hold(保持) |
held |
held |
lay(放) |
laid |
laid |
stand(立) |
stood |
stood |
spin(紡) |
spun |
spun |
sting(刺) |
stung |
stung |
hang(懸) |
hung |
hung |
swing(搖) |
swung |
swung |
get(得) |
got |
got |
sit(坐) |
sat |
sat |
spit(吐痰) |
spat |
spat |
shine(光耀) |
shone |
shone |
win(贏) |
won |
won |
(b)只有過去式的元音不同的
come(來) |
came |
come |
run(跑) |
ran |
run |
(c)原形、過去式、過去分詞的元音全不相同的
begin(開始) |
began |
begun |
drink(飲) |
drank |
drunk(drunken) |
ring(搖鈴) |
rang |
rung |
sing(唱歌) |
sang |
sung |
swim(游泳) |
swam |
swum |
sink(沉) |
sank |
sunk(sunken) |
③ 詞尾有變化的
(a)元音不變的
have(有) |
had |
had |
make(做) |
made |
made |
burn(燒) |
burnt |
burnt |
learn(學(xué)) |
learnt |
learnt |
dwell(?。?/p> |
dwelt |
dwelt |
smell(嗅) |
smelt |
smelt |
bend(彎曲) |
bent |
bent |
lend(借) |
lent |
lent |
send(送) |
sent |
sent |
build(建筑) |
built |
built |
spend(花費(fèi)) |
spent |
spent |
show(表示) |
showed |
shown |
(b)元音變化的
bear(生) |
bore |
born |
bear(負(fù)擔(dān)) |
bore |
borne |
tear(裂) |
tore |
torn |
wear(穿) |
wore |
worn |
swear(誓) |
swore |
sworn |
forget(忘) |
forgot |
forgotten |
freeze(凍) |
froze |
frozen |
feel(感) |
felt |
felt |
kneel(跪) |
knelt |
knelt |
blow(吹) |
blew |
blown |
grow(生長) |
grew |
grown |
know(知道) |
knew |
known |
lie(躺下) |
lay |
lain |
drive(驅(qū)) |
drove |
driven |
give(給) |
gave |
given |
bid(令) |
bade |
bidden |
write(寫) |
wrote |
written |
ride(乘) |
rode |
ridden |
rise(起立) |
rose |
risen |
see(看見) |
saw |
seen |
fall(落) |
fell |
fallen |
take(?。?/p> |
took |
taken |
shake(搖) |
shook |
shaken |
keep(保持) |
kept |
kept |
sleep(睡) |
slept |
slept |
weep(哭) |
wept |
wept |
lost(失) |
lost |
lost |
speak(說) |
spoke |
spoken |
steal(偷) |
stole |
stolen |
break(破) |
broke |
broken |
choose(選擇) |
chose |
chosen |
catch(捉) |
caught |
caught |
teach(教) |
taught |
taught |
buy(買) |
bought |
bought |
bring(帶) |
brought |
brought |
think(想) |
thought |
thought |
sell(賣) |
sold |
sold |
tell(告) |
told |
told |
say(說) |
said |
said |
④ 特殊變化的
be(存在) |
was(or |
were)been |
do(做) |
did |
done |
go(去) |
went |
gone |
eat(吃) |
ate |
eaten |