代詞的分類

在全國英語等級考試（PETS）一級英語中常見的代詞可分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞和不定代詞等。

1. 人稱代詞

人稱代詞是指人的代詞，表示“我”“你”“他”“她”“它”“我們”“你們”或“他們”等。

人稱代詞有人稱、數和格的變化。

2. 物主代詞

表示所有關系的代詞稱為物主代詞，物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。

學一學，練一練

用my，your，his，her，our或their完成句子。

1. I have a pen. 　　　 pen is blue.

2. You have a pen. 　　　 pen is black.

3. Sara and I have pens. 　　　 pens are gray.

4. I have a sister. 　　　 sister is twenty-one years old.

5. Ann has a car. 　　　 car is a Ford.

6. Ann and Alex have a baby. 　　　 baby is eight months old.

7. Ken has a coat. 　　　 coat is brown.

8. Rita is wearing a blouse. 　　　 blouse is light blue.

9. Tom is wearing a shirt. 　　　 shirt is yellow and brown.

10. John is wearing a belt. 　　　 belt is white.

11. Sue and you are wearing dresses. 　　　 dresses are red.

12. Tom and you have bags. 　　　 bags are green.

13. Ann has a dictionary. 　　　 dictionary is red.

14. We have grammar books. 　　　 grammar books are red.

15. I have a brother. 　　　 brother is sixteen.

參考答案

1. My 　　2. Your 　　3. Our　　 4. My

5. Her　　 6. Their 　　7. His 　　8. Her

9. His 　　10. His 　　11. Your 　　12. Your

13. Her 　　14. Our　　 15. My

3. 指示代詞

英語中用來表示“這個”“那個”“這些”“那些”等指示概念的代詞稱為指示代詞。指示代詞有this，that，these，those，such，same等。

4. 反身代詞

反身代詞是表示動作的承受者是其執行者本身或是強調代詞或名詞的一組代詞。反身代詞是由人稱代詞（第一人稱、第二人稱的所有格形式和第三人稱的賓格形式）加“-self”或“-selves”構成。

學一學，練一練

用反身代詞完成句子。

1. Are you OK, Jack? Did you hurt 　　　?

2. David was really embarrassed when he had to go to the job interview with a bandage on his face. He had cut 　　　 while he was shaving.

3. Do you ever talk to 　　　? Most people talk to 　　　 sometimes.

4. It is important for all of us to have confidence in our own abilities. We need to believe in 　　　.

5. Sara is self-employed. She doesn’t have a boss. She works for 　　　.

6. Steve, who is on the wrestling team, wishes 　　　 good luck before each match.

7. There’s plenty of food on the table. Would all of you please simply help 　　 to the food?

8. I couldn’t believe my good luck! I had to pinch 　　　 to make sure I wasn’t dreaming.

9. A newborn puppy can’t take care of 　　　.

10. I know Nicole and Paul have had some bad luck, but it’s time for them to stop feeling sorry for 　　　 and get on with their lives.

參考答案

1. yourself

2. himself

3. yourself, themselves

4. ourselves

5. herself

6. himself

7. yourselves

8. myself

9. itself

10. themselves

5. 相互代詞

用來表示相互關系的代詞叫作相互代詞。英語中相互代詞只有each other和one another兩個。

6. 疑問代詞

疑問代詞是指用來構成特殊疑問句的代詞。常見的有who，whom，whose，what，which。who常用作主語和表語，whom作賓語，whose，what，which可用作主語、表語、賓語或定語。疑問代詞還可用來引導主語從句、表語從句和賓語從句，所以它們又可稱為連接代詞。疑問代詞有格的變化，還有指人和指物的區別。

學一學，練一練

　

根據括號中的內容用which或what進行提問。例如：

A: I have two books. Which one do you want?

B: That one. (I want that book.)

1. A: 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

B: A book. (I bought a book when I went shopping.)

2. A: Could I borrow your pen for a minute?

B: Sure. I have two. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

3. A: 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

B: A pen. (Chris borrowed a pen from me.)

4. A: Do you like this tie?

B: Yes.

A: Do you like that tie?

B: It’s okay.

A: 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

B: This one. (I’m going to buy this one.)

5. A: Would you please hand me a sharp knife?

B: I’d be happy to. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

A: That one. (I’d like that one.)

參考答案

1. What did you buy when you went shopping?

2. Which one do you want?

3. What did Chris borrow from you?

4. Which one are you going to buy?

5. Which one do you like?

7. 不定代詞

沒有指明代替任何特定名詞（或形容詞）的代詞叫作不定代詞。不定代詞有以下這些單詞。

學一學，練一練

用something，someone，anything，anyone，nothing，no one完成下列句子。

1. I have 　　　 in my pocket.

2. Do you have 　　　 in your pocket?

3. Ken doesn’t have 　　　 in his pocket.

4. I bought 　　　 when I went shopping yesterday.

5. Rose didn’t buy 　　　 when she went shopping.

6. Did you buy 　　　 when you went shopping?

7. My roommate is speaking to 　　　 on the phone.

8. Yuko didn’t tell 　　　 her secret.

9. I talked to 　　　 at the phone company about my bill.

10. Did you talk to 　　　 about your problem?

11. Jim doesn’t know 　　　 about butterflies.

12. Jim knows 　　　 about butterflies.

13. Jean didn’t tell 　　　 about her problem.

14. Jean told 　　　 about her problem.

15. There’s 　　　 in my pocket. It’s empty.

16. There isn’t 　　　 in my pocket.

參考答案

1. nothing/something

2. anything

3. anything

4. something/nothing

5. anything

6. anything

7. someone

8. anyone

9. someone

10. anyone

11. anything

12. something

13. anyone

14. someone

15. nothing

16. anything