第5單元　羅伯特?路易士?史蒂文生

Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894) （羅伯特·路易士·史蒂文生）

1Life（生平）

Robert Louis Stevenson, British novelist, was born in Scotland. He studied engineer first in Edinburgh University. Then he changed to learn law and became a lawyer after graduation. But he was devoted to literature and published articles in newspapers and periodicals very early. Due to his illness, he had to recuperate in another place. He once lived in France and the U.S. At last, he settled in Samoan islands and died of illness there. In his opinion, literature is for recreation and evocation of readers’ imagination. Therefore, he is against that literary works describe daily life and contain moral allusions. Most of his works are novel and romantic adventure stories. His stories are attractive, beautiful, concise and widely read.

羅伯特·路易士·史蒂文生，英國小說家。他出生在蘇格蘭，求學于愛丁堡大學，先學工程，后改學法律，畢業后當律師。但史蒂文生有志于文學創作，很早就在各種報刊雜志上發表文章。由于多病，他不得不易地療養，先后在法國、美國居住，最后在太平洋的薩摩亞島上定居，并在那里病逝。他認為，文學藝術是為了消遣，使讀者發揮想象，因此他反對文學作品描寫日常生活和含有道德寓意。史蒂文生的作品的內容多是新奇浪漫的冒險故事．他的小說故事引人入勝，文筆優美簡潔，流傳很廣。

2Major Works（主要作品）

New Arabian Nights (1882) 《新天方夜譚》

Treasure Island (1883) 《金銀島》

The Strange Case of Dr. Ffeykell and Mr. Hyde (1886) 《化身博士》

Kidnapped (1886) 《誘拐》

An Inland Voyage (1878) 《內陸游記》

Travel with a Donkey in the Cdvennes (1879) 《騎驢旅行》

A Child’s Garden of Verses (1885) 《兒童詩園》

3Selected Work（選讀作品）

◆Treasure Island《金銀島》

The old pirate Bill boards in the hotel owned by Jim. After Bill died, Jim finds a map in the sailing suitcase left over by him. This map marks the location of large amounts of treasures buried by the pirate leader Flint on some island. Jim gives this map to Squire Trelawley and Dr. Livesey and joins the expedition organized by them to seek fortune. Some of the sailors are loyal to the squire and doctor, but most of them are pirates hired by on-leg ruffian Long John Silver who schemes to seize fortune. On their adventure, they fight against each other many times. Finally, Jim routs Silver and his followers’ plot and gets the fortune buried in a deserted island under the help of Ben Gunn who is abandoned there.

Traditionally considered a coming-of-age story, Treasure Island is a tale noted for its atmosphere, characters and action, and also as a wry commentary on the ambiguity of morality—as seen in Long John Silver–unusual for children’s literature. It is one of the most frequently dramatized of all novels. The influence of Treasure Island on popular perceptions of pirates is enormous, including such elements as treasure maps marked with an “X”, schooners, the Black Spot, tropical islands, and one-legged seamen bearing parrots on their shoulders.

老海盜比爾來吉姆家開設的旅店投宿。比爾死后，吉姆在他遺下的航海皮箱中獲得一張地圖，圖上標有海盜頭目弗林特在某島上埋藏的大量財寶的位置。吉姆將此圖交給鄉紳特里勞尼和醫生利夫西，并參加由他倆組織的探險隊乘船前往海島覓寶。船上水手一部分忠于鄉紳和醫生，但大部分卻是獨腳惡棍朗·約翰·西爾弗為企圖陰謀奪取財寶而招募來的海盜。一路上經過種種斗爭，吉姆等終于擊敗了西爾弗和海盜們的陰謀，并在流落荒島上的本·岡恩的幫助下，取得了埋藏在那里的財寶。

《金銀島》傳統上被認為是一部成長故事。以其氛圍、角色和行為的出色描寫而聞名。它同時也對道德模糊性的進行了詼諧評論。比如惡棍朗·約翰·西爾弗，他在兒童文學里并不常見。它是所有小說中最被經常戲劇化的小說之一。《金銀島》給人們對海盜的流行觀念造成極大影響，包括帶有“X”記號的寶藏地圖，縱帆船、黑色斑點、熱帶島嶼和肩上占著鸚鵡的獨腿水手等。