3.2 [52] 莊公問伐晉晏子對以不可若不濟國之福

齊莊公問討伐晉國的事，晏子回答說不可以，如果不成功是齊國的福氣

【原文】

莊公將伐晉，問于晏子，晏子對曰：“不可。君得合而欲多，（飬）〔養(yǎng)〕欲而意驕。得合而欲多者危，（飬）〔養(yǎng)〕欲而意驕者困。今君任勇力之士，以伐明主，若不濟，國之福也，不德而有功，憂必及君?！惫魃徽f。晏子辭不為臣，退而窮處，堂下生（蓼藿）〔藜藋〕，門外生荊棘。莊公終任勇力之士，西伐晉，（耴）〔取〕朝歌，及太行、孟門，茲于兌，期而民散，身滅于崔氏。崔氏之期，逐群公〔子〕，及慶氏亡。

【今譯】

齊莊公將要討伐晉國，向晏子征求意見，晏子回答說：“不行。您應該得到的已經得到了卻還想要更多，欲望增長就會意氣驕橫。應得的已經得到卻想要更多就會危險，欲望增長而意氣驕橫就會陷入困境?，F(xiàn)在您任用勇武有力的猛士去攻打賢明的君主，如果不勝，則是國家的福氣，沒有仁德而有戰(zhàn)功，憂患一定會殃及到您身上?！鼻f公變了臉色，很不高興。晏子辭去官職不再做大臣，退出宮廷過著窮困的生活，院子里長滿了野草，門外長滿了荊棘。莊公最終還是任用勇武有力的猛士向西攻打晉國，奪取了朝歌，到達了太行、孟門，進入茲于隧道，一年之后百姓離散，莊公被崔杼所殺。崔杼執(zhí)政時，驅逐了齊國王室諸公子，直到慶封逃亡。

Duke Zhuang was about to launch an attack on Jin and consulted Yanzi about it.

Yanzi replied: “It would not be appropriate. M y Lord,what you possess is sufficient,and yet you w ish to possess more. You indulge your desires,and your intentions are arrogant. He who possesses what is sufficient and wishes for more imperils himself. He who indulges his desires and whose intentions are arrogant meets difficulties. But now you,my Lord,are employing officers for their courage and strength in order to launch an attack on the covenant chief.^[2] If you do not succeed,it w ill be fortunate for the state. For if you achieve success w ithout virtue,distress w ill surely fall upon you,my Lord.”

The Duke’s face flushed in anger; he was displeased. Yanzi resigned and stopped serving as minister. He w ithdrew and lived in dire straits. Pigweed and goosefoot grew beneath his hom e and thorny scrubs grew outside his gate. Duke Zhuang did appoint officers for their courage and strength after all,and marched westward to launch an attack on Jin. He conquered Chaoge and got as far as Taihang,Mengmen,and the Chieyu tunnel gate.^[3] A year later,his population was scattered and the Duke himself lost his life to Cui Zhu. During the period of unrest initiated by Cui Zhu,all the sons of the Duke were expelled and also Qing Feng^[4] was driven into exile.^[5]

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注釋

[1]Item 3.2 [52] ? Zuozhuan,B9.23.4/276/28.

[2]明→盟 according to the Zuozhuan,ibid. The alliance was led by the state of Jin. For a discussion of the interchangeability between 盟 and 霸,see Taeko A. Brooks,“Evolution of the Ba 霸 ‘Hegemon’ Theory;” Warring States Papers,1 (2010): 220-2. For a detailed discussion of the system of alliances in the period under consideration,see Yuri Pines,Foundations of Confucian Thought: Intellectual Life in the Chunqiu Period,722–453 BCE Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press (2002): 119-125.

[3]兌→隧 (YZCQ-ICS,21,n. 5).

[4]Qing Feng,慶封,was a m inister of great wealth and influence at the Qi court. He was Cui Zhu’s ally in the revolt against and the assassination of Duke Zhuang in 548 BCE. He later exterm inated the Cui Zhu’s lineage and eventually was forced to flee into exile in 545 BCE and was executed in 538 BCE by King Ling of Chu 楚靈王(r. 540-529 BCE). For Qing Feng’s forced exile and execution see,Lüshi chunqiu,22.1/144/18.

[5]At this point,the text of Item 3.2 [52] abruptly comes to its end. However,the Zuozhuan’s version of Cui Zhu’s revolt,B9. 28.11/299/10,adds the follow ing three characters 皆召之 after 及慶氏亡,which make the ending of this item more intelligible: “By the time that Qing Feng was driven into exile,the Duke’s sons were all summoned back to the capital.”