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Cultural Exchange 文化交流

導讀

文化交流發生于兩個或者多個具有文化源差異顯著的關系之間，其前提條件是各文化主體之間需有很強的文化生產力，需有自己獨特的文化，需有文化自主權。他們的交流一般只會發生在各自尊重對方的前提條件下。此外，文化入侵現象、強勢文化壓制弱勢文化現象，都不是文化交流的表現。文化交流需有起始點和機會的平等。順從、勉強等都不是文化交流的本意。

Thanks to the means of modern transportation and communication, the world is getting smaller. The whole world community appears to be no more than a large global village, where the residents come together with different cultural backgrounds and values. While experiencing the inevitable cultural exchanges as well as cultural clashes, the “villagers” seek to live in harmony.

現代化交通與傳播手段使世界變得越來越小，整個國際社會仿佛只是一個巨大的地球村了，有著不同文化背景和價值觀念的村民們都生活在這個巨大的地球村里。村民們不可避免地進行著文化交流，也經歷著文化沖突，同時尋求和睦相處。

In this modern world, the advanced culture of any nation has never been an isolated phenomenon, but the product of extensive exchanges with other cultures.

在當今世界中，任何一個民族的先進文化從來不是孤立的現象，而是與其他民族的文化進行廣泛交流的產物。

Of course, the root and main current of any culture must bear its own distinctive national features. Cultural exchange is by no means a process of losing one's own culture to a foreign culture, but one of enriching a nation's own culture.

當然，任何一個民族的文化，其根基與主流必須具有這個民族的鮮明特征。文化交流不是讓外國文化吞沒自己的文化，而是為了豐富和充實本民族的文化。

Through cultural exchange, different cultures can absorb and influence one another. Mutual influence is a very complicated phenomenon in the field of culture. Therefore, absorbing foreign culture is metaphorically a process of taking a bite, chewing, and digesting. We should adopt the principle of eliminating the false and retaining the true, discarding the dross and selecting the essential, exporting more and importing the best, and resisting corruptive influences. I don't believe that such a practice will result in the disappearance of the particular features and styles pertaining to particular cultures. On the contrary, different cultures can learn from each other's strengths to offset their own weaknesses and complement one another. As a matter of fact, thanks to China's economic development and the improvement of its citizens' lives, the vision of the Chinese people has broadened, their taste for art has improved, and they have developed more interests. They are not only concerned about China's traditional and modern culture and art, but also eager to know about the trends of cultural development across the planet, and to learn about different styles and schools of art.

通過文化交流，不同的文化可以相互學習、相互影響。在文化領域里，相互影響是一種非常復雜的現象。打個比喻，吸取外國文化是一個攝入、咀嚼和消化的過程。我們應當采取去偽存真、去粗取精、多出優進、抵御腐蝕的原則。我認為某些文化的不同特點和風格不會因此而消失，相反，不同的文化可以取長補短，互為補充。事實上，隨著中國經濟的發展和人民生活水平的提高，中國人民的視野開闊了，藝術鑒賞力提高了，他們的興趣也變得廣泛了。他們不僅關心中國傳統文化藝術和現代文化藝術，而且渴望了解世界文化發展趨勢，渴望了解不同藝術風格和藝術流派。

While absorbing the essence of a foreign culture, we should not be content with imitation without creation. An obsession with simple imitation will sterilize creation, and as such it will be impossible for us to scale new heights in art and impossible to present to the world excellent works of our own creation. Simple imitation is by no means equivalent to novelty and originality. On the contrary, novelty and originality result from the combination of modern and traditional styles, the combination of the distinctive features of foreign countries with those of our own nation, and the combination of artistry and education.

我們在吸取外國文化優秀成果的同時，不能滿足于一味模仿的做法。沉溺于簡單的模仿會使自己失去創作力，無法攀登新的藝術高度，無法向世界推出自己創作的優秀作品。簡單模仿全然不能與新意和原創畫等號。新意和原創是現代風格與傳統風格的結合，是外國特色與本民族特色的結合，是藝術性與教育性的結合。

Cloze 選詞填空

Through cultural exchange, different cultures can absorb and 1 one another. Mutual influence is a very 2 phenomenon in the field of culture. 3, absorbing foreign culture is metaphorically a process of taking a bite, chewing, and 4. We should adopt the principle of eliminating the false and 5 the true, discarding the dross and selecting the 6, exporting more and importing the best, and 7 corruptive influences.

Key

1. influence 2. complicated 3. Therefore 4. digesting

5. retaining 6. essential 7. resisting

Translation Practices 翻譯練習

I don't believe that such a practice will result in the disappearance of the particular features and styles pertaining to particular cultures. On the contrary, different cultures can learn from each other's strengths to offset their own weaknesses and complement one another. As a matter of fact, thanks to China's economic development and the improvement of its citizens' lives, the vision of the Chinese people has broadened, their taste for art has improved, and they have developed more interests. They are not only concerned about China's traditional and modern culture and art, but also eager to know about the trends of cultural development across the planet, and to learn about different styles and schools of art.

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我認為某些文化的不同特點和風格不會因此而消失，相反，不同的文化可以取長補短、互為補充。事實上，隨著中國經濟的發展和人民生活水平的提高，中國人民的視野開闊了，藝術鑒賞力提高了，他們的興趣也變得廣泛了。他們不僅關心中國傳統文化藝術和現代文化藝術，而且渴望了解世界文化發展趨勢，渴望了解不同藝術風格和藝術流派。

Emulation美文自己寫得出——學生仿寫

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仿寫范例

Crisis

Crisis to our life is what illness is to our body. Just as a fatal disease can destroy our body and sometimes even put an end to our lives, so does smashing crisis knock us down so hopelessly that we might never have chance of standing up again. However, most crises that frequent us in life are not in such category. They, like occasional ailments which sometimes can bolster our body's immune system, are mostly minor and surmountable and therefore making us hardy enough to survive whatever adversities in our later life. Even those serious crises, if handled properly, can be turned to a blessing to us, too.

As far as a nation is concerned, crisis can be rendered beneficial. Take Wenchuan Earthquake which shook most of Sichuan for example. The crisis has cost us a lot. Houses collapsed, bridges broke down and many affected areas were cut off from the outside world. Nearly a million people lost their homes, thousands of people were injured and thousands of people were killed. But our sufferings won't go in vain. Scientists are more determined to improve the means by which we forecast earthquakes with more accuracy. We should build houses which can survive the destructive earthquakes. And we also should better the mechanism to face the emergencies and crisis.

As for economic life, crises are not always rendered bad. During these times, we can stop the race of fast economy to speculate about some fundamental issues of humanity such as how much high-speed development in this way can contribute to the well-being of human life. Just take my own country for instance. Of course, in the past two decades or so, our economy has gained the highest speed man has experienced. But haven't we paid too much? Our rivers are polluted. Our natural resources are shrinking. Our national power of creation is drained. Is it worthy of it? Isn't it high time we gave it a serious thought? Shouldn't we stop making ourselves long in quantity and short in quality? And chance of deep thought has come with this crisis, which is now deepening in most parts of the world.

Crisis sometimes contributes to our life treasure in a way that few can imagine. It can weather us and make us strong enough to face ourselves when we feel weak. Eric, my uncle is a case in point. He had hard time in his childhood going through such a fatal disease that he had never thought he could survive. He was in due course saved by doctors. Ever since then he regarded his life as a second given by God and has been so grateful to the world that he has been doing whatever he can to give back in the same measure to other fellows. And now he is living a happy and successful life.

As a well-known ancient Chinese notion goes, the past lessons if not forgotten can be good teachers for us all. If we can bear in mind the various sufferings and ordeals we have experienced, then our sufferings will not go unrewarded and those of our compatriots who was killed in the earthquake did not die in vain. We should take the lessons from crisis and regard them as a chance for new growth.