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List 05

高頻詞匯篇

011tend,tent,tens=stretch

012duc,duct=lead,bring

013lect,leg=speak,read

014lect,lig=choose,gather

詞根011

tend,tent,tens=stretch,表示伸展

tend

[tend]

v.趨向,往往是;照料,看護基本單詞,表示“趨向,照看”→tend表“伸展”

v.have a tendency or disposition to do or be something;beinclined

類tendency n.趨勢,趨向;傾向

例 2010.Text 3

Building on the basic truth aboutinterpersonal infl uence,the researchers studied the dynam-ics of socialinfl uence by conducting thou-sands of computer simu lations of popu lations,manipu lating a number of variables relating to people’s ability toinfl uence others and their tendency to beinfl uenced.

基于這種人與在人之間影響的基本事實,通過在人群上實施的成千上萬次的計算機模擬,研究者們研究了社會影響產生的動力,在這個過程中,研究者們控制了許多變量,包括影響他人的能力和受他人影響的傾向性。

intend

[In'tend]

vt.想要;打算;企圖

記 [in-inner,tend-stretch]in為“里”,tend為“伸展”→內心中有伸展的傾向→vt.打算,企圖

v.mean orintend to express or convey;have in mind as a purpose

例 2013.Text 2

29.Which of the fol lowingis true according to Paragraph 6?

[A]DNT may not serveitsintended purpose.

[B]Advertisers are willing toimplement DNT.

[C]DNTis losingits popu larity among con-sumers.

[D]Advertisers are obliged to offer behav-ioural ads.

譯文根據第六段內容可知以下哪個選項正確?

[A]DNT也許達不到它預期的目的。

[B]廣告商愿意執行DNT。

[C]DNT正在失去消費者的青睞。

[D]廣告商必須提供行為廣告。

intention

[In'ten?n]

n.意圖,意向;目的;打算

記 [intent-intend,ion-n.]intent為intend,ion為名詞后綴→n.意圖;意向

n.an anticipated outcome thatisintended or that guides your planned actions

例 2014.Text 3

The Nobels were,of course,themselves set up by a very richindividual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money.Time,rather thanintention,has given them legitimacy.

諾貝爾獎本身無疑是由一位富人設立的,建立前,他就已經決定了他想用自己的錢去做什么。時間,而不是獎項設立者的個人意圖,給諾貝爾獎賦予了合理性。

trend

[trend]

n.傾向,趨勢vi.伸向,傾向

記 [try,tend]try為“嘗試”,tend為“拉伸”→有一個趨勢,試著去拉伸→n.趨勢vi.傾向

n.a general directionin which something tends to move

類trendy a.時髦的,趕時髦的,追隨時髦的n.時髦人物

例 2013.Text 1

in the last decade or so,advancesin technol- ogy have al lowed mass-market labels such as Zara,H&M,and Uniq lo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.

在過去十年左右的時間中,科技的進步使得Zara、H&M和優衣庫這種大眾暢銷品牌能夠對潮流時尚更迅速地做出反應,并能更精確地預測消費者的需求。

extend

[Ik'stend]

v.延長,延伸;擴充;給予;

提供;估價

記 [ex-out,tend-stretch]ex表“往外”,tend為“延伸”→往外延伸→v.延長,延伸

v.reach outwardin space;cause to be or

last longer

類extensive a.廣闊的,廣泛的;大量的,大規模的

例 2015.Part[C]

The virgin forest withits richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine allthe way down to Georgia.

這片擁有數不勝數且種類繁多的原始森林,從緬因州一直延伸至佐治亞州,是一個真正的寶藏。

extension

[Iks'ten?n]

n.延伸,擴展;延期

記 [exten-extend,sion-n.]exten為extend,

sion為名詞形式→n.延伸,擴展;延期

n.act of expandingin scope;making more

widely available

例 2012.Text 2

in 2006,the state went a step further,requi-ring that any extension of the plant’slicense be subject to Vermont legislature’s approval.Then,too,the company went along.

2006年,該州進一步提出要求,該核電站營業執照的任何延期都應該獲得佛蒙特州立法機關的批準。該公司也同意遵守該規定。

attend

[?'tend]

vt.出席,參加;照顧,護理

vi.注意;侍奉

記 [att-intensive,tend-stretch]att表加強程度,tend為“伸展”→伸展出去→v.出席,參加;照顧

v.take charge of or deal with;be present at(meetings,church services,university),etc.

類attendance n.出席;出席人數;護理,照料

例 2007.Text 4

38.in bringing up the concept of GASP,the authoris making the point that____.

[A]shareholders’interests shou ld be prop-erly attended to

[B]information protection shou ld be given due attention

譯文作者提出GASP的概念是想證明____。

[A]應適度關注股東的利益

[B]應給予信息保護問題應有的關注tension

['ten?n]

n.張力,拉力;緊張,不安;電壓

記 [tens-stretch,ion-n.]tens表示stretch,為“伸展”→n.拉力;緊張

n.(psychology)a state of mental or emotional strain or suspense;the physical condition of being stretched or strained

類strain n.拉緊;繃緊;張緊v.拉緊extent

[ik'stent]

n.廣度,寬度,長度;程度,限度

記 [ex-out,tent-stretch]ex為“外”,tent為“延伸”→往外延伸的范圍→n.廣度,寬度,長度

n.the point or degree to which something extends;the distance or area or vol ume over which something extends

例 2015.Part[B]

How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particu larinterestin readingit.

我們如何閱讀給定文章同樣在一定程度上取決于我們在閱讀中的特殊興趣。

intense

[In'tens]

a.強烈的,劇烈的;熱烈的,熱情的

記 [in-not,tense-stretch]in表否定,tense為“拉伸”→拉到了不能再拉的狀態→a.強烈的,劇烈的

a.in an extreme degree;extremely sharp

類intensity n.強烈,劇烈;(感情的)強烈程度

例 2011.Text 4

Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be sou l-crushingly hard,Senior writes that“the very things thatin the moment dampen our moods can later besources ofintense gratification and delight”.

雖然撫養孩子的日常生活讓人心力交瘁,但是西尼爾寫道:“正是那些當下讓我們心情沮喪的事情,能成為日后強烈快樂感和滿足感的來源。”

nervous

['nз:v?s]

a.神經的;神經過敏的,緊張不安的

a.causing or fraught with or showing anxiety

類nervousness n.神經質;神經過敏

例 2014.完形

Neuroscientists,experts who study the nervous system,areincreasingly showing that there’s actual ly a lot that can be done.

研究神經系統的神經學家逐漸證實,實際上有很多方法可以改善現狀。

anxiety

[?η'zaI?ti]

n.焦慮;渴望;掛念;令

人焦慮的事

n.a relatively permanent state of anxiety occurringin a variety of mental disorders

例 2005.Text 3

Terrorism,economic uncertainties and general feelings ofinsecurity haveincreased people’s anxiety.Those suffering from persistent night-mares should seek help from a therapist.For the rest of us,the brain hasits ways of working through bad feelings.Sleep—or rather dream—onit and you’llfeel betterin the morning.

恐怖主義、經濟不穩定以及普遍缺乏安全感都增加了人們的焦慮。那些長期受噩夢困擾的人應當向專業醫師尋求幫助。對于其他人來說,大腦有自動消除不良情緒的方法。睡上一覺或做一場夢,早上醒來時你會感覺好很多。

dense

[dens]

a.濃厚的;密集的,稠密的

記 [dens-make thick,e]dens表示“變厚”→變厚的→a.濃厚的,密集的,稠密的

a.having component parts closely crowded together;having high relative density or specific gravitydensity

['dens?ti]

n.密集;密度;濃度

[dens-dense,ity-n.]單詞dense的名詞形式→n.密集,密度

n.the spatial property of being crowded together

contend

[k?n'tend]

v.競爭,斗爭;堅決主張

[con-together,tend-stretch]con表“一起”,

tend為“伸展”→一起往一個方向延伸→

v.堅決主張;競爭

v.have an argument about something;main-tain or assert

intensive

[In'tensIv]

a.加強的;集中的;密集

記 [in-inne,tens-stretch,ive-a.]in表示“內部”,tens為“拉伸”→內部拉伸(管)得很緊→a.加強的;集中的;密集的

a.tending to give force or emphasis

類energy-intensiveindustry能源密集性行業tentative

['tent?tIv]

a.試探性的;暫時的;猶豫不決的

記 [tent-stretch,ative-a.]tent表示stretch,后面ative為a.→嘗試拓展去(延伸業務)→a.試探性的;猶豫不決的

英 under terms not final or fully worked out or agreed upon/unsettledin mind or opinionconstrain

[k?n'streIn]

vt.強迫,強使;限制,約束

記 [con-together,strain-tension]con表“一起”,strain為“拉力”→強行拉緊到一起→vt.強迫;強使

vt.hold back;restrict

類constraint n.強制;限制,約束

例 2009.Text 3

On the contrary,constraints onimproving pro-ductivity explain why educationisn’t develo-ping more quickly there thanitis.

恰恰相反,提高生產率的限制解釋了為什么教育不能和預計發展得一樣快。

pretend

[prI'tend]

v.假裝,假托,借口;(在演戲中)裝扮

記 [pre-before,tend-stretch]pre為“提前”,

tend為“延伸”→提前伸出(想好借口)

v.假裝;裝扮

v.make believe with theintent to deceive;behave unnatural ly or affectedly

類unpretentious a.不炫耀的,不招搖的,

不裝腔作勢的

例 2011.Text 1

Even Tommasini,who had advocated Gilbert’s appointmentin the Times,cal ls him“an unpre- tentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.”

即使是在《紐約時報》上支持任命吉爾伯特的托馬西尼也把他稱為“一位謙虛的音樂家,沒有那種令人敬畏的感覺”。

condense

[k?n'dens]

vi.濃縮;凝結vt.使濃縮;

使壓縮

記 [con-together,dense]con表示“整體”,dense為“密集”→把東西壓到一起,變成一個密集的整體→v.壓縮,凝結

v.cause a gas or vapor to changeinto a liquid;become more compact or concentrated

tense

[tens]

n.時態v.拉緊,(.)緊張a.繃緊的,緊張的

[tens-stretch,e]詞根tens,表示“延伸;拉伸”→拉伸的→a.緊張的v.拉緊

a.in or of a state of physical or nervous tension/v.become stretched or taught

tedious

['ti:di?s]

a.乏味的,單調的;冗長的

記 [ted-tend-stretch,ious-a.]ted詞根,表示抽象延伸→一個故事被拉長了→a.乏味的;單調的

a.so lackingininterest as to cause mental weariness;using or containing too many words

詞根 012

duc,duct=lead,bring,表示引導,帶來

product

['pr?d?kt]

n.產品,產物;乘積

記 [pro-forward,duct-lead]produce動詞變為名詞→生產出來的東西→n.產物,產品

n.commodities offered for sale

類by-product/byproduct n.副產品

例 2011.Text 3

If that happens,passionate consumers wou ld try to persuade others to boycott products,putting the reputation of the target company at risk.

如果那個情況發生,激昂的消費者將會設法勸導其他人聯合抵抗產品,這就會將目標公司的聲譽置于危險中。

education

['ed?u'keI?n]

n.教育,培養;訓練

記 [e-out,duc-lead,ation-n.]educate動詞變成名詞→n.教育,培養;訓練

n.the activities of educating orinstructing;activities thatimpart knowledge or skil l

類educational a.教育的;有教育意義的

computer-education n.計算機教育

例 2009.Text 3

We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of educa-tion even when governments don’t forceit.

我們不得不猜想,即使沒有政府部門的強迫,持續的經濟增長也會促進教育的發展。

produce

[pr?'dju:s]

['pr?dju:s]

v.產生;生產;制造;顯示;演出;導致n.產品

記 [pro-forward,duce-lead]pro前綴為“往前”,詞根duce為“領導”lead→往前引導→vt.生產,制造

v.create or manufacture a man-made product

類production n.生產;產品;總產量

producer n.制作人,制片人;生產者

productive a.生產(性)的,能產的,

多產的

例 2009.Text 3

On ly when humanity began to getits foodin a more productive way was there time for other things.

只有當人類能夠更高效地獲取食物時,他們才有時間去考慮其他事情。

conduct

['k?nd?kt]

[k?n'd?kt]

n.行為,品行;運

v.引導;管理;

指揮(樂隊);傳導

記 [con-al l,duct-lead]前綴con為“全部”,詞根duct為“領導”→管理者管理你所有的行為→vt.管理,指揮,引導;把電流全部引導過去→vt.傳導;名詞意思為“行為(管理、指揮、引導都是一種行為),品行”

n.manner of acting or controlling yourself/v.direct the course of;manage or control

類conductivity n.導電性;[物][生理]傳導性

例 2009.Part[C]

On ly gradual ly was the by-product of the institution noted,and on ly more gradual ly stil l was this effect considered as a directive factorin the conduct of theinstitution.

這一社會機構的副產品只是逐漸才被人們所注意,而人們把這種效果當成社會機構運作的指導性因素的過程則更加緩慢。

productivity

['pr?d?k'tIv?ti]

n.生產率;生產力

記 [product,ivity-n.]單詞前面的意思為“生產”,后綴為名詞ivity→n.生產力

n.the quality of being productive or having the power to produce

例 2009.Text 3

A lack of formal education,however,doesn’t constrain the ability of the developing world’s workforce to substantial lyimprove productivi-ty for the foreseeable future.

然而,發展中國家的勞動力在可預知的未來持續提高生產力的能力并沒有因為正規教育的缺乏而受到限制。

introduce

['Intr?'dju:s]

vt.介紹;引入;采??;提出(議案等)

記 [intro,duce-lead]intro前綴為“里面”(inter變成前綴intro),詞根duce為lead→把東西引入里面→vt.介紹,引進

v.bringin a new person or objectinto a familiar environment

類introduction n.介紹;傳入,引進introductory(introductive)a.引導的;開端的

例 2014.Text 1

In order to“changelives for the better”and reduce“dependency”,George Osborne,Chancel lor of the Exchequer,introduced the“upfront work search”scheme.

為了讓“生活變得更美好”并減少“依賴關系”,財政部長喬治·奧斯本引入了“前期工作搜尋”的方案。

educate

['ed?ukeIt]

v.教育,培養;訓練

記 [e-out,duc-lead,ate-v.]簡單詞匯教育→前綴e為“往外”,詞根duc為“帶來”,后綴ate為動詞→往外引導出去(教育是用現有的學識、經驗來給予他人指導)→指引別人走出現有的困境→vt.教育,培養

v.give an education to

類educated a.受過教育的

educator n.教育家;教育工作者;教師

例 2009.Text 3

Not long ago,with the country entering a re-cession and Japan atits pre-bubble peak,The U.S.workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary cause of the poor U.S.economic performance.

不久前,美國經濟進入衰退期,而日本經濟正處在泡沫破滅前的繁榮期,人們嘲諷美國的勞動力沒有受到良好的教育,并認為這是美國經濟低迷表現的主要原因之一。

reduce

[rI'dju:s]

vt.減少;降低;.……分解;使處于vi.減少;縮小

記 [re-back,duc-lead,e]前綴re為“往回”,詞根duc為“引導”→往回引導→vt./vi.減少

v.cut down on;make a reductionin;make less complex

類reduction n.減少;縮小;降低

例 2014.Text 2

in fact,al lowing non-lawyers to own sharesin law firms wou ld reduce costs andimprove services to customers,by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ profes-sional managers to focus onimproving firms’efficiency.

事實上,通過鼓勵法律事務所用科技并雇用職業經理人來提高律所的工作效率,允許非律師擁有法律事務所的股份,不僅可以減少支出,還可以提高客戶服務質量。

schedule

['?edju:l]

n.時間表,進度表

v.安排,預訂

記 [sch-school,edu-educate,le-table]sch理解為“學校;中間”,edu理解為“教育”,le理解為table“表格”→學校教育里面的時間表→n.時間表,進度表

n.a temporal ly organized plan for matters to be attended to/v.plan for an activity

例 2016.Part[B](2)

But as adu lts we also have theluxury of being able to control our own diaries andit’s important that we schedu lein time to enjoy the thing we love.

但是作為成年人,我們有幸能夠掌控自己的生活,重要的是我們可以安排時間去享受所熱愛的東西。

conductor

[k?n'd?kt?(r)]

n.管理者;(汽車)售票

員;領隊,指揮;導體

記 [con-al l,duct-lead,or]單詞前面為“引導,管理”,后面后綴加上or名詞結尾,表人→

n.管理者,售票員

n.the person who leads a musical group;a device designed to transmit electricity,heat,etc.

類semi-conductor n.半導體

deduce

[dI'dju:s]

vt.推論,推斷;演繹出

[de-down,duc-lead,e]前綴de為“往下”,詞根duc為“引導”→往下引導→vt.推論,推斷

vt.reason by deduction;establish by deduc-

tion;concl ude by reasoning

近deduct vt.扣除,減去;演繹

類deductible a.可扣除的

例 2007.Text 2

iQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies,to envision paper afterit has been folded and cut,and to deduce numerical sequences,among other similar tasks.

智商測試會要求參與者完成詞匯和圖形類推、想象折疊并裁剪后的紙張形狀、推斷數列等其他類似的任務。

induce

[In'dju:s]

vt.引誘;[.]感應;[.]

誘導;引起

記 [in-inner,duc-lead,e]前綴in為“往里”,

詞根duc為“引導”,后綴e→往里面引導

vt.引誘

vt.cause to do;cause to actin a specified

manner

類inducement n.引誘,誘餌;刺激;鼓勵

例 2011.Part[B](2)

Fast-food chains shou ld also stop offering“in-ducements”such as toys,cute animals and mobile phone credit tolure young customers,Stephenson said.

斯蒂芬森認為,快餐連鎖店也應停止向顧客提供例如玩具、可愛的小動物、手機話費等“誘餌”來吸引年輕顧客。

conductive

[k?n'd?ktIv]

a.傳導的

記 [con-al l,duct-lead,ive-a.]conduct單詞有“傳導”的意思,后面加上形容詞后綴ive→a.傳導的

a.having the quality or power of conducting heat or electricity or sound;exhibiting conductivity

reproduce

['ri:pr?'dju:s]

v.生殖;翻版;繁殖;復制,仿造

記 [re-一再,produce]前綴為“反復”,后面單詞為“生產”→反復生產→vt.復制;繁殖

v.make a copy or equivalent of

類reproductive a.生殖的,再生的

例 2008.Text 1

in several of the studies,when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries(the female reproductive organs)removed,their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.

幾個研究表明,當處于巨大壓力之中的雌鼠的卵巢(雌性的生殖器官)被切除后,它們的化學反應就變得與雄鼠相同了。

seduce

[sI'dju:s]

vt.引誘;誘惑;誘奸;慫恿

記 [se,duc-lead,e]前面se對應漢字為“色”,中間詞根為“帶領”→一個“色鬼”引導你做事→vt.引誘

類 sedu lous a.聚精會神的;勤勉的;刻

苦工作的

詞根 013

lect,leg=speak,read,表示“.,.”

religion

[rI'lId??n]

n.宗教,信仰

記 [re-again,lig-lect,ion-n.]前綴re為“反復”,詞根lig為speak“說”,后綴ion為名詞→一個人反復說的東西,每個周末都要去做禮拜→n.宗教,信仰

n.a strong beliefin a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

類religious a.宗教的,虔誠的

例 2009.Part[B]

Durkheim proposed that religious beliefs functioned to reinforce social solidarity.

迪爾凱姆認為,宗教信仰能夠重新加強社會團結。

lecture

['lekt??(r)]

n./v.演講,講課

記 [lect-speak,ure-n.]單詞為“演講,講課”→詞根lect為speak

n.a speech thatis open to the public/v.deliver a lecture or tal k

例 2014.Part[C](2)

When he feels down—say,after giving a bad lecture—he grants himself permission to be human.

比如說,當他因搞砸了一場演講而倍感郁悶的時候,他會告訴自己這是人之常情。

dialect

['daI?lekt]

n.方言

記 [dia-inter,lect-speak]單詞前面為“在……之間”,lect為speak→僅在一部分特殊人之間說的語言→n.方言

n.the usage or vocabu lary thatis character-istic of a specific group of people

例 2005.Text 4Butitis less clear,to take the question of his subtitle,why we shou ld,like,care.As alin-guist,he acknowledges that allvarieties of human language,incl uding non-standard ones like Black English,can be powerfully expres-sive—there exists no language or dialectin the world that cannot convey complexideas.

但是,還不太清楚的是,就像書的副標題所提出的疑問一樣,我們為什么應該在意。作為一名語言學家,他認為所有的人類語言,包括像黑人英語那樣的非標準語言,都具有很強的表現力——世界上不存在表達不了復雜思想的語言或者方言。

legend

['led??nd]

n.傳說,傳奇

記 [leg-lect,end-over]詞 根leg為lect,說(leg-lect,g和ct相似),后面加上end→之前發生了的事情,后面靠人與人之間的口耳相傳→n.傳說

n.a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events

類 legendary a.著名的,名揚四海的(《老爸老媽的浪漫史》中男主Barney Stinson的經典口頭禪)

詞根 014

lect,lig=choose,gather,表示選擇,收集

elect

[I'lekt]

v.選舉,推選;選擇,做出選擇

記 [e-out,lect-choose]前綴為“out向外”,詞根為“選擇”→挑選出來→v.選擇;選舉

v.select by a vote for an office or membership

近elite n.精華;精銳;中堅分子

類election n.選舉;當選;選擇權

例 2016.Text 2

At the next election none of the big parties seemlikely to endorse this sentiment.

在下一屆選舉中,似乎沒有一個大的黨派會支持這個觀點。

2007.Text 1

If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer playerin 2006’s World Cup tournament,you wou ld mostlikely find a noteworthy quirk:elite soccer players are morelikely to have been bornin the earlier months of the year thanin the later months.

如果你去調查一下參加2006年世界杯足球錦標賽所有參賽運動員的出生證明,很可能會發現一個明顯的怪現象:優秀的足球運動員更可能出生于上半年,而不是

下半年。

intellect

['Int?lekt]

n.智力,理解力;智者;思維邏輯領悟力;智力高

記 [intel-inter,lect-choose]前綴和inter樣,

lect為詞根“選擇”→在一群人中選出來的聰明人→n.智者;有智慧的人擁有的東西→n.智力,理解力

n.knowledge andintel lectual ability

類intel lectual a.智力的;聰明的;理智的n.知識分子;憑理智做事者

例 2016.Text 1

And perhaps faintly,they hint that people shou ld look tointangible qualitieslike charac-ter andintel lect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.

或許它們向人們隱約地暗示,應該多關注性格和才智這樣的無形品質,而不是關注通過節食減肥來達到零號尺碼或蜂腰體型這類事情上。

intelligence

[In'telId??ns]

n.智力,智慧;理解

力;情報,消息,報道

記 [intel-inter,lig-lect-choose,ence-n.]進入其中挑選出來的東西,抽象名詞→n.智力,聰明

n.the ability to comprehend,to understand and profit from experience

類intelligent a.聰明的;理解力強的

例 2009.完形

Research on animalintelligence always makes me wonder j ust how smart humans are.

對動物智慧的研究總是讓我們想知道人類到底有多聰明。

select

[sI'lekt]

v.選擇,挑選a.精選的,選擇的

記 [se-color,lect-choose]單詞由se和lect組成,前面的se聯想為“色”,詞根lect為“選擇”→去商場里面買衣服的時候,對于顏色進行精挑細選→v.選擇,挑選a.精選的

v.pick out,select,or choose from a number of alternatives

類selection n.選擇,挑選;選集,精選物

例 2010.Text 3

Marketers have embraced the two-step flow becauseit suggests thatif they can j ust find andinfl uence theinfl uentials,those select people willdo most of the work for them.

營銷人員支持“二級傳播”理論,因為該理論表明,如果他們能找到并影響社會中有影響力的人,這些挑選出來的人就可以為他們完成大部分的工作。

collect

[k?'lekt]

v.收集,搜集;領取,接走;.(稅等);聚集,堆積

記 [col-together,lect-choose]前綴為“一起,所有”,詞根為“選擇”→全都選擇,全都要→v.收集,搜集

v.get or gather together;callfor and obtain payment of

類col lective n.集體a.集體的,共同的

例 2012.Text 3

in theidealized version of how scienceis done,facts about the world are waiting to be observed and col lected by objective research-ers who use the scientific method to carry out their work.

在科學研究的理想形式下,關于這個世界的事實正在等待著那些用科學的方法開展研究工作的客觀研究人員的搜查和收集。

neglect

[nI'glekt]

v./n.忽視;疏忽,漏做,忽略

記 [neg-no,lect-choose]neg前綴為否定(neg理解為no),詞根為“選擇”→不選擇→

v./n.忽視,忽略

v.fail to do something;leave something un-done

類neglectfula.疏忽的;忽略的;不小心的

例 2011.Part[C]

This seems a j ustification for neglect of those in need,and a rationalization of exploitation,of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.

這似乎給忽視那些需要幫助的人提供了一個辯護,似乎也給剝削他人、上層人的優越感和底層人的卑微感提供了一個說辭。

disgrace

[dIs'greIs]

n.失寵,恥辱v.使失寵;玷辱,使蒙羞

記 [dis-not,grace]前綴否定,后面單詞grace為“優雅”→使某人失去優雅的感覺→v.使失寵n.失寵

v.bring shame or dishonor upon/n.a state of dishonor

例 2011.Text 2

Many recruiters say the old disgraceis fading for top performers.

許多招聘者稱,高層人員過去因離職后沒有工作而產生的恥辱感正在慢慢地消失。

elegant

['elIg?nt]

a.優雅的;端莊的;雅致的

記 [e-out,leg-lig-choose,ant-a.]前綴e為out,詞根leg為“選擇”→選出來的東西→a.優雅的

a.refined and tastefulin appearance or be-havior or style

類elegance n.典雅;高雅

例 2006.Text 1

People are absorbedinto“a cu lture of con-sumption”launched by the 19th century de-partment stores that offered“vast arrays of goodsin an elegant atmosphere.instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,”these were stores“anyone cou ld en-ter,regardless of class or background.

人們被19世紀百貨商店營造出的“消費文化”所吸引。這類商店“在一種優雅的氛圍中出售類目繁多的商品。與為迎合知識精英喜好的商店不同”,這類商店是“不論階級和背景,任何人都可以光顧的”。

negligible

['neglId??bl]

a.可忽略不計的,微不足道的

[neg-not,lig-lect,ible-a.]前綴neg為否定,中間詞根lig為lect(元音i換成e,后面g和c的發音相似,t丟棄)→可以不選擇的→a.可忽略的,微不足道的

a.so smallas to be meaningless;insignificantcollectivism

[k?'lektIvIz?m]

n.集體主義

記 [col lective,ism-主義]前面單詞為“集體的”,后面加后綴“主義”→把東西收集到一起的主義→n.集體主義

n.a political theory that the people shou ld own the means of production

eligible

['elId??bl]

a.符合條件的;(尤指婚姻等)合適(.)

記 [e-out,lig-lect,ible-a.]前綴表“往外”,詞根lig為“選擇”,ible表示“能夠”→能夠選出來的→a.符合條件的

a.qualified for or al lowed or worthy of being chosen

graceful

['greIsfl]

a.優美的,文雅的,大方的

記 [grace,ful-a.]單詞grace為“優雅”,后綴fu l為形容詞→a.優雅的

類grace n.優美,文雅;恩惠,恩澤;寬限,緩刑;感恩禱告

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