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Here are two main changes comparing with the past. First, there are new definitions of what man can achieve, of what a human standard of life should be. In recent times this has been particularly true since technology has consistently broadened man's potential, it has made a longer, healthier, better life possible. Thus, in terms of what is technically possible, we have higher aspirations. Those who suffer levels of life well below those that are possible, even though they live better than medieval knights（中世紀騎士）or Asian peasants, are poor.

Related to this technological advance is the social definition of poverty. The American rich in Hong Kong of China or in the sixteenth century are poor here and now in the United States. They are dispossessed in terms of what the rest of the nations enjoy, in terms of what the society could provide if it had the will. They live on the fringe, the margin. They watch the movies and read the magazines of affluent（豐富的）American, and these will tell them that they are internal exiles（放逐）.

And finally, one of the reasons that the income figures show fewer people today with low incomes than 20 years ago. The reason is that more wives are working now, and family income has risen as a result. In 1940, 15% of wives were in the labor force; in 1957 the figure was 30%. This means that there was more money and, presumably（大概）, less poverty. Yet a tremendous growth in the number of the impoverishment（貧窮）of home life, of children who receive less care, love, and supervision. This one fact, for instance, might well play a significant role in the problems of the young in America. It could mean that we have made an improvement in income statistics at the cost of hurting thousands and thousands of children. If a person has money but achieves this through mortgaging the future, who is to say that he or she is no longer poor?

1．In recent times, as far as technology is concerned, those who are poor____.

A．live better than Asian peasants

B．lead better lives than medieval knights

C．cannot achieve the living standard that technology can make

D．have no aspiration

2．“They are internal exiles”（Line 5, Para. 2）implies____.

A．their internal feelings are different from the rest of nation

B．they are discriminated by the rest of the nation

C．they are excessively lonely than people in other countries

D．they can't enjoy what the rest of the nation do concerning what the society provides

3．The so-called American poor can only be defined by____.

A．technology

B．American social background

C．the living standard in the U.S.

D．the living standard of Hong Kong of China

4．More women are working in America, which means____.

A．improvement of all aspects of people's lives

B．fewer people are poor in the U.S. today

C．the nation's economy grows rapidly

D．the rising of family incomes

5．Which of the following sentences best describes the last paragraph?

A．Women are playing a less important role in educating children.

B．It's really unnecessary for women to work.

C．Improvement in income at the cost of the happiness of children doesn't mean rich.

D．Problems of the young will be solved if women do not work.

1．【答案】C

【精析】C項所表達的意思與第一段最后一句中的“suffer levels of life well below those that are possible”一致，故選C項。A項、B項雖然正確，但不是就技術而言的，所以排除；D項為干擾項，原文第四句中出現了“we have higher aspiration”，但這里的we是一個寬泛的概念，不是只針對富人或窮人而言的，與題干所問的不相干。

2．【答案】D

【精析】將線索定位在第二段最后一句中的“they are internal exiles”就可以得出D項正確。A項、B項是根據internal exiles的字面意思得出的錯誤理解；C項是對exile的錯誤理解。

3．【答案】C

【精析】從文章第一段及第二段可知，美國所謂的窮人是以美國本身的生活水平來劃分的。第二段第一句“對于貧窮的社會定義是和這種科技進步聯系在一起的”，這里講的是定義“貧窮”時需要考慮到科技進步的因素，因此科技只是影響“貧窮”的一個因素而不是決定因素，所以排除A; B項從字面上看講得通，但文中未提到社會背景方面的內容，而且生活標準僅是社會背景的一個方面；D項“中國香港的生活標準”顯然不對。

4．【答案】D

【精析】根據文章第三段第二句，婦女參加工作的結果是家庭收入增加，可知答案應選D項。A項是說人民生活各個方面的提高，與原文內容不符；B項中的poor沒有具體交代是哪一方面，在一個國家的不同時期，是否“貧窮”的標準是不同的，更多婦女參加工作，家庭收入增加，不能直接得出貧窮人口更少的結論；C項原文未提及。

5．【答案】C

【精析】第三段中說婦女參加工作使得家庭收入增加，但卻以傷害成千上萬兒童的幸福為代價。最后一句是對該段的總結，也是該段的主旨，與C項相符。A項這一說法本身正確，但不全面；B項“婦女沒有必要出去工作”和D項“如果婦女不工作就可以解決孩子的問題”原文未提及。