2018年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題精解（第一套）

Part I Writing

【范文評(píng)注】

As more and more people flood in big cities, hoping to make the most of the opportunities they offer, these expanding urban centres are becoming less agreeable, and urban people are facing numerous new challenges.¹

Firstly², the growing population adds to the congestion and pollution that already exist in big cities. People have squeezed into space-limited cities, leading to more unnecessary chaos. Secondly², fast-rising housing prices have brought about greater pressure on urban people, seriously lowering their quality of life. Lastly², to make a better living, people are in a rush to get into the office and home, leaving little time to make conversation with other people. In the long term, it would be hard for such cities to become harmonious places as we expect.

Therefore, some thoughtful urban planning is needed to make our cities better and safer places to live in.³ Governments should make more efforts to improve the infrastructure and housing conditions and create enough opportunities for education and employment.⁴

1．首段開(kāi)宗明義，緊扣話題，指出許多城市居民面臨眾多新的挑戰(zhàn)。

2．分三點(diǎn)闡述生活在大城市所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)體現(xiàn)在哪些方面。

3．結(jié)尾段落首先歸納總結(jié)，指出需要城市規(guī)劃來(lái)解決這些挑戰(zhàn)。

4．補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明政府應(yīng)采取的措施有哪些，讓論述顯得更加完整。

【譯文】

隨著越來(lái)越多的人涌向大城市，希望充分利用大城市所提供的機(jī)會(huì)，這些不斷擴(kuò)張的城市中心正在變得不那么宜人，城市居民正在面臨眾多新的挑戰(zhàn)。

首先，不斷擴(kuò)大的人口使大城市里原本就存在的擁堵和污染問(wèn)題雪上加霜。人們都紛紛涌入空間有限的城市，導(dǎo)致了更多不必要的混亂。其次，迅速上漲的房?jī)r(jià)給城市居民帶來(lái)了更大的壓力，這嚴(yán)重地降低了他們的生活質(zhì)量。最后，為了更好地謀生，人們匆忙穿梭于辦公室和家之間，沒(méi)有多少時(shí)間和其他人溝通。從長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看，這樣的城市很難如我們所期待地那般和諧。

因此，需要一些考慮周全的城市規(guī)劃來(lái)讓我們的城市變成更好、更安全的居住之地。政府應(yīng)當(dāng)做出更大的努力來(lái)改善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和住房條件，并創(chuàng)造足夠多的教育和就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。

【要點(diǎn)用法】

【句法點(diǎn)評(píng)】

1．As more and more people flood in big cities, hoping to make the most of the opportunities they offer, these expanding urban centres are becoming less agreeable, and urban people are facing numerous new challenges.

本句為一個(gè)復(fù)合句，主句為these expanding urban centres are becoming less agreeable, and urban people are facing numerous new challenges，句首是由as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，而hoping to make the most of the opportunities they offer是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，充當(dāng)伴隨狀語(yǔ)，修飾flood in。

2．Lastly, to make a better living, people are in a rush to get into the office and home, leaving little time to make conversation with other people.

本句為簡(jiǎn)單句，句子主干是people are in a rush to get into the office and home，前面的不定式短語(yǔ)to make a better living表示目的，而后面的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)leaving little time to make conversation with other people則充當(dāng)are in a rush to get into the office and home的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。