第六章 證據
Chapter Ⅵ Evidence

第六十三條 證據包括：

（一）當事人的陳述；

（二）書證；

（三）物證；

（四）視聽資料；

（五）電子數據；

（六）證人證言；

（七）鑒定意見；

（八）勘驗筆錄。

證據必須查證屬實，才能作為認定事實的根據。

Article 63 Evidence shall include：

（1）Statements of the parties concerned；

（2）Documentary evidence；

（3）Physical evidence；

（4）Audio-visual materials；

（5）Electronic data；

（6）Witness' testimony；

（7）Expert opinions; and

（8）Inspection records in writing.

Evidence shall be examined and proved as the grounds for ascertaining facts.

第六十四條 當事人對自己提出的主張，有責任提供證據。

當事人及其訴訟代理人因客觀原因不能自行收集的證據，或者人民法院認為審理案件需要的證據，人民法院應當調查收集。

人民法院應當按照法定程序，全面地、客觀地審查核實證據。

Article 64 It is the duty of a party to an action to provide evidence in support of his allegations.

If, for objective reasons, a party and his agent ad litem are unable to collect the evidence by themselves or if the people's court considers the evidence necessary for the trial of the case, the people's court shall investigate and collect it.

The people's court shall, in accordance with the procedure prescribed by the law, examine and verify evidence comprehensively and objectively.

第六十五條 當事人對自己提出的主張應當及時提供證據。

人民法院根據當事人的主張和案件審理情況，確定當事人應當提供的證據及其期限。當事人在該期限內提供證據確有困難的，可以向人民法院申請延長期限，人民法院根據當事人的申請適當延長。當事人逾期提供證據的，人民法院應當責令其說明理由；拒不說明理由或者理由不成立的，人民法院根據不同情形可以不予采納該證據，或者采納該證據但予以訓誡、罰款。

Article 65 The parties concerned shall provide evidence in a timely manner to support their claims.

The people's court shall determine the evidence which should be provided by the parties respectively and the time limit thereof based on the claims of the parties and the progress of the proceedings. Where a party has difficulty in providing evidence within the given time limit, it may apply to the people's court for an extension and the people's court may extend the time limit appropriately according to the application of the party. Where a party provide evidence after the given time limit, the people's court shall order the party to explain the reason. Where the party refuses to explain the reason or the reason is not justifiable, the people's court may, according to the circumstances, reject such evidence, or admit such evidence but give a warning or impose a fine.

第六十六條 人民法院收到當事人提交的證據材料，應當出具收據，寫明證據名稱、頁數、份數、原件或者復印件以及收到時間等，并由經辦人員簽名或者蓋章。

Article 66 After receiving the evidentiary materials submitted by the party concerned, the people's court shall issue a receipt indicating the name of the evidentiary materials, the number of pages, copies, original or photocopy, and the receiving time, and bearing the signature or seal of the handlers.

第六十七條 人民法院有權向有關單位和個人調查取證，有關單位和個人不得拒絕。

人民法院對有關單位和個人提出的證明文書，應當辨別真偽，審查確定其效力。

Article 67 The people's court shall have the right to make investigation and collect evidence from the relevant units or individuals; such units or individuals may not refuse to provide information and evidence.

The people's court shall verify the authenticity, examine and determine the validity of the certifying documents provided by the relevant units or individuals.

第六十八條 證據應當在法庭上出示，并由當事人互相質證。對涉及國家秘密、商業秘密和個人隱私的證據應當保密，需要在法庭出示的，不得在公開開庭時出示。

Article 68 Evidence shall be presented in court and cross-examined by the parties concerned. But evidence that involves State secrets, trade secrets and personal privacy shall be kept confidential. If it needs to be presented in court, such evidence shall not be presented in an open court session.

第六十九條 經過法定程序公證證明的法律事實和文書，人民法院應當作為認定事實的根據，但有相反證據足以推翻公證證明的除外。

Article 69 The people's court shall take the facts and documents legalized by notarization according to legal procedures as the basis for ascertaining facts, unless there is evidence to the contrary sufficient to invalidate the notarization.

第七十條 書證應當提交原件。物證應當提交原物。提交原件或者原物確有困難的，可以提交復制品、照片、副本、節錄本。

提交外文書證，必須附有中文譯本。

Article 70 Any document submitted as evidence must be the original. Material evidence must also be original. If it is truly difficult to present the original document or thing, then reproductions, photographs, duplicates or extracts of the original may be submitted.

If a document in a foreign language is submitted as evidence, a Chinese translation must be appended.

第七十一條 人民法院對視聽資料，應當辨別真偽，并結合本案的其他證據，審查確定能否作為認定事實的根據。

Article 71 The people's court shall verify audio-visual material and determine after their examination in the light of other evidence in the case whether they can be taken as a basis for ascertaining the facts.

第七十二條 凡是知道案件情況的單位和個人，都有義務出庭作證。有關單位的負責人應當支持證人作證。

不能正確表達意思的人，不能作證。

Article 72 Any entity or individual that has information of a case has the obligation to testify at court. The person in charge of the relevant entity shall encourage the witness to testify.

A person who is unable to correctly express himself shall not testify.

第七十三條 經人民法院通知，證人應當出庭作證。有下列情形之一的，經人民法院許可，可以通過書面證言、視聽傳輸技術或者視聽資料等方式作證：

（一）因健康原因不能出庭的；

（二）因路途遙遠，交通不便不能出庭的；

（三）因自然災害等不可抗力不能出庭的；

（四）其他有正當理由不能出庭的。

Article 73 Upon the notification of the people's court, a witness shall testify in court. A witness may testify in the ways such as written testimony, audio-visual transmission technology or audio-visual materials upon the permission of the people's court if the witness is in one of the following circumstances：

（1）He cannot appear in court for the reason of health；

（2）He cannot appear in court for the reason of long distance and inconvenient traffic；

（3）He cannot appear in court due to natural disaster or any other force majeure; or

（4）He cannot appear in court for any other justified reason.

第七十四條 證人因履行出庭作證義務而支出的交通、住宿、就餐等必要費用以及誤工損失，由敗訴一方當事人負擔。當事人申請證人作證的，由該當事人先行墊付；當事人沒有申請，人民法院通知證人作證的，由人民法院先行墊付。

Article 74 The necessary expenses paid by a witness for performance of the obligation to testify before the court, such as traffic expense, accommodation and meals, as well as the loss of working time shall be borne by the losing party. Where a party applies for a witness to give his testimony, the expenses shall be advanced by the party. Where a party does not apply for a witness to testify, but the people's court so notifies the witness, the expenses shall be advanced by the people's court.

第七十五條 人民法院對當事人的陳述，應當結合本案的其他證據，審查確定能否作為認定事實的根據。

當事人拒絕陳述的，不影響人民法院根據證據認定案件事實。

Article 75 The people's court shall examine the statements of the parties concerned in the light of other evidence in the case to determine whether the statements can be taken as a basis for ascertaining the facts.

The refusal of a party to make statements shall not prevent the people's court from ascertaining the facts of a case on the basis of other evidence.

第七十六條 當事人可以就查明事實的專門性問題向人民法院申請鑒定。當事人申請鑒定的，由雙方當事人協商確定具備資格的鑒定人；協商不成的，由人民法院指定。

當事人未申請鑒定，人民法院對專門性問題認為需要鑒定的，應當委托具備資格的鑒定人進行鑒定。

Article 76 A party may apply with the people's court for expert evaluation on specific issues concerning the facts. In such a case, a qualified expert may be determined by the two parties through consultation. If consultation fails, an expert shall be appointed by the people's court.

Where a party does not applied for expert evaluation but the people's court deems it necessary for certain specific issues, the court shall appoint a qualified expert to conduct expert evaluation.

第七十七條 鑒定人有權了解進行鑒定所需要的案件材料，必要時可以詢問當事人、證人。

鑒定人應當提出書面鑒定意見，在鑒定書上簽名或者蓋章。

Article 77 An expert has the right to access the case documents required for expert evaluation, and may inquire the parties concerned and the witnesses when necessary.

The expert shall present the expert opinions in writing and sign or seal on the expert report.

第七十八條 當事人對鑒定意見有異議或者人民法院認為鑒定人有必要出庭的，鑒定人應當出庭作證。經人民法院通知，鑒定人拒不出庭作證的，鑒定意見不得作為認定事實的根據；支付鑒定費用的當事人可以要求返還鑒定費用。

Article 78 Where the party disagrees on the expert opinions or the people's court deems it necessary for the expert to testify in court, the expert shall appear in court for testimony. Where the expert refuses to testify in court upon notification of the people's court, the expert opinions shall not be taken as the basis for ascertaining facts. The party paying the evaluation fees may request for the refunding of the evaluation fees.

第七十九條 當事人可以申請人民法院通知有專門知識的人出庭，就鑒定人作出的鑒定意見或者專業問題提出意見。

Article 79 The parties concerned may apply to the people's court for notifying the person with professional knowledge to appear before court and give his opinions with respect to the expert opinions issued by the expert or to relevant professional issues.

第八十條 勘驗物證或者現場，勘驗人必須出示人民法院的證件，并邀請當地基層組織或者當事人所在單位派人參加。當事人或者當事人的成年家屬應當到場，拒不到場的，不影響勘驗的進行。

有關單位和個人根據人民法院的通知，有義務保護現場，協助勘驗工作。

勘驗人應當將勘驗情況和結果制作筆錄，由勘驗人、當事人和被邀參加人簽名或者蓋章。

Article 80 When inspecting material evidence or a site, the inspector must produce his papers issued by a people's court. He shall request the local grass-roots organization or the unit to which the party to the action belongs send persons to participate in the inspection. The party concerned or an adult member of his family shall be present; their refusal to appear on the scene, however, shall not hinder the inspection.

Upon notification by the people's court, the relevant units and individuals shall be under the obligation of preserving the site and assisting the inspection.

The inspector shall make a written record of the circumstances and results of the inspection, which shall be duly signed or sealed by the inspector, the party concerned and the participants requested to be present.

第八十一條 在證據可能滅失或者以后難以取得的情況下，當事人可以在訴訟過程中向人民法院申請保全證據，人民法院也可以主動采取保全措施。

因情況緊急，在證據可能滅失或者以后難以取得的情況下，利害關系人可以在提起訴訟或者申請仲裁前向證據所在地、被申請人住所地或者對案件有管轄權的人民法院申請保全證據。

證據保全的其他程序，參照適用本法第九章保全的有關規定。

Article 81 Under the circumstances in which evidence may be lost or it will be difficult to collect the evidence in future, the party concerned may apply with the people's court for preservation of such evidence in the proceedings, and the people's court may also take the initiative to take preservative measures.

Under the emergencies in which evidence may be lost or it will be difficult to collect the evidence in future, an interested party may, before the case or arbitration is filed, apply for preservation of such evidence with the people's court in the place where the evidence in question is located or the place where the person against whom the application is filed resides, or with the people's court that has jurisdiction over the case.

With regard to other procedures for the preservation of evidence, the relevant provisions of Chapter Ⅸ entitled -Preservation- herein shall apply as a reference.