Word List 2

confess /k?n?fes/

【釋】v. 供認(rèn)，坦白 (admit that you have done something wrong or illegal)

【例】You just go to the church and confess your sins.

【近】admit, acknowledge, reveal, disclose, declare, own up

【形】confession

warrant /?w??r?nt/

【釋】v. 證明…正當(dāng)；為…作擔(dān)保 (justify or necessitate (a certain course of action))

【例】The company must warrant that the goods meet high standards of construction.

【近】justify

【釋】n. 授權(quán)令；許可證

【例】We have a warrant to search the house for drugs.

【近】order, license, permit, mandate

legacy /?leɡ?si/

【釋】n. 遺產(chǎn) (money or property which someone leaves to you when they die)

【例】a legacy from a great master

【近】inheritance, heritage

【釋】n. 遺留問題 (a legacy of an event or period of history is something which is a direct result of it and which continues to exist after it is over)

tenant /?ten?nt/

【釋】n. 租戶，承租人 (someone who rents a flat, house, office, piece of land, etc.)

【例】There are six commercial tenants in the building.

【近】occupant, resident

【反】owner

【釋】v. 租賃

caution /?k???n/

【釋】n. 小心，謹(jǐn)慎 (care taken to avoid danger or mistakes)

【例】Anyone receiving a suspect package should exercise extreme caution.

【近】care, heed

【釋】v./n. 警告 (say something as a warning)

【例】“Be careful now,” I cautioned.

【近】heed

【形】cautionary

vendor /?vend?r/

【釋】n. 小販；賣主

【例】Most of the vendors on Main Street are participating in Saturday’s sidewalk sales.

【近】retailer, seller, shopkeeper

【形】vend

thrust /θr?st/

【釋】n. 推力，動力 (a quick hard push)

【例】one last thrust of the knife

【近】shove, push, force

【釋】v. 猛推 (put something somewhere with a quick hard push)

【例】He thrust a microphone under her nose.

【近】plunge, propel

clash /kl??/

【釋】v. 發(fā)生沖突

【例】A group of 400 demonstrators clashed with police.

【近】fight, battle

breach /bri?t?/

【釋】n./v. 違反；破裂 (an act of breaking or failing to observe a law, agreement, or code of conduct)

【例】Their actions threatened a serious breach in relations between the two countries.

【近】break

【釋】n./v. 突破，打破 (manage to get through and attack an area that is heavily guarded and protected)

【例】The bomber had breached security by hurling his dynamite from a roof overlooking the building.

mandate /?m?nde?t/

【釋】n./v. 授權(quán) (give (someone) authority to act in a certain way)

【例】A mandate from the UN would be needed before any plans could be implemented.

【近】authority

【釋】n. 在任期 (the fixed length of time that a country’s leader or government remains in office)

【例】He intended to leave politics once his mandate ends.

【釋】v. 強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行 (make it mandatory)

【例】constitutionally mandated civil rights

landlord /?l?ndl??rd/

【釋】n. 房東；店主；老板

【近】owner

【反】tenant

【形】landlady

superb /su??p??rb/

【釋】adj. 極好的；華麗的，豪華的 (excellent)

【例】a superb performance

a superb Egyptian statue of Osiris

【近】excellent, marvelous

【反】poor, inferior

opt /ɑ?pt/

【釋】v. 選擇

【例】Under the agreement the Vietnamese can opt out at any time.

【近】choose, select, pick out

insult /?n?s?lt/

【釋】n./v. 辱罵 (an offensive remark)

【例】He stormed off the pitch, hurling insults at the umpire.

【近】abuse

【反】compliment

casualty /?k??u?lti/

【釋】n. 傷亡人員，死傷者

【例】Troops fired on the demonstrators causing many casualties.

【近】victim, fatality

affection /??fek?n/

【釋】n. 喜愛 (a gentle feeling of fondness or liking)

【近】love

【釋】n. 情緒 (a disposition to feel, do, or say)

【形】affectionate

patrol /p??tro?l/

【釋】n./v. 巡邏 (go around an area at regular times to check that it is safe)

【例】Prison officers continued to patrol the grounds within the jail.

【近】vigil, guard

prohibit /pr??h?b?t/

【釋】v. 禁止；阻止 (forbid by law, rule, or other authority)

【例】Federal law prohibits foreign airlines from owning more than 25% of any U.S. airline.

【近】forbid, ban, bar

【反】permit, legislate

heritage /?her?t?d?/

【釋】n. 遺產(chǎn)；繼承物 (something that is inherited)

【例】the rich heritage of Russian folk music

【近】inheritance

demographic /?dem??ɡr?f?k/

【釋】adj. 人口學(xué)的

【例】demographic statistics

haunt /h??nt/

【釋】v. 經(jīng)常出沒于 (visit often)

【近】appear in, frequent, patronize

【釋】v. 鬼魂(出沒) (inhabit, visit, or appear to in the form of a ghost)

【例】They say the prison is haunted by the ghosts of the men who died there.

【釋】n. 常去的地方；棲息地

【形】haunting

amend /??mend/

【釋】v./n. 補(bǔ)償

【例】He wanted to make amends for causing their marriage to fail.

【釋】v. 修訂，改善

【例】The president agreed to amend the constitution and allow multiparty elections.

【近】revise, modify

【形】amendment

concede /k?n?si?d/

【釋】v. (勉強(qiáng))承認(rèn) (admit that something is true or valid after first denying or resisting it)

【例】Bess finally conceded that Nancy was right.

【近】admit

【反】deny, retort

【釋】v. 賦予 (allow to have as a right or privilege)

【例】The government conceded the right to establish independent trade unions.

【近】endow

【形】concession

grief /ɡri?f/

【釋】n. 悲傷；傷心事 (deep sorrow, especially caused by someone’s death)

【例】the family’s grief at the loss of their child

【近】sorrow, sadness, pain

【反】joy

【形】grieve

exile /?eksa?l/

【釋】n./v. 流放(者)；排除 (the state of being barred from one’s native country)

【例】One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.

【近】expel

archive /?ɑ?rka?v/

【釋】n. 檔案文件；檔案館 (a depository containing historical records and documents)

【例】the archives of the Imperial War Museum

【近】file, document

despair /d??sper/

【釋】n./v. 絕望 (the feeling of having lost all hope)

【例】To my utter despair, the car would not start.

【近】distress, depression, melancholy

【反】hope, joy

deploy /d??pl??/

【釋】v. 部署

【例】Forces were deployed at strategic locations.

【近】position, install

【釋】v. 有效利用 (bring into effective action)

【例】They are not always able to deploy this skill.

【近】utilize

contemplate /?kɑ?nt?mple?t/

【釋】v. 凝視；沉思 (look thoughtfully for a long time at)

【例】I haven’t got enough time to sit around contemplating the meaning of life.

【近】examine, inspect, observe

【形】contemplative

flourish /?fl??r??/

【釋】n./v. 茂盛 (grow well)

【例】Plants and animals flourished here thousands of years ago.

【近】thrive

【反】wither

【釋】n./v. 繁榮，興旺 (develop quickly and be successful)

【例】Few businesses are flourishing in the present economic climate.

【近】prosper

【反】decline

【釋】v. 揮舞

【例】Dressed as a pirate, he entered the stage flourishing his sword.

hazard /?h?z?rd/

【釋】n./v. (使陷入)危險(xiǎn) (put into a situation which might be dangerous)

【例】He could not believe that, had the Englishman known how much he was at risk, he would have hazarded his grandson.

【近】danger, risk, peril, threat

disclosure /d?s?klo???r/

【釋】n. 揭露，披露 (the action of making new or secret information known)

【例】insufficient disclosure of negative information about the company

【近】declaration, announcement

【形】disclose

roar /r??r/

【釋】n./v. 咆哮 (utter a full, deep, prolonged cry)

【近】shout, bellow, yell, rumble

bureau /?bj?ro?/

【釋】n. 局，處 (a government department)

【近】agency, service, office, branch

【形】bureaucrat, bureaucracy

anonymous /??nɑ?n?m?s/

【釋】adj. 匿名的 (of unknown name)

【例】An anonymous benefactor stepped in to provide the prize money.

【近】unknown

【反】known

【釋】adj. 無特色的 (of few characteristics)

【例】It’s nice to stay in a home rather than in an anonymous holiday villa.

【形】anonymity

jurisdiction /?d??r?s?d?k?n/

【釋】n. 司法權(quán)；管轄權(quán)

【例】an area under French jurisdiction

【近】authority, control, territory

doctrine /?dɑ?ktr?n/

【釋】n. 信條；主義 (belief held and taught by a church, political party, or other group)

【例】the doctrine of reincarnation

【近】dogma, belief, principle

【釋】n.正式聲明 (a statement of official govern-ment policy)

pharmaceutical /?fɑ?rm??su?t?kl/

【釋】adj. 藥物的；制藥(學(xué))的

startle /?stɑ?rtl/

【釋】v. 驚嚇 (surprise somebody suddenly in a way that shocks or frightens them)

【例】The noise of the car startled the birds and the whole flock flew up into the air.

【近】astonish, surprise

【形】startling

warranty /?w??r?nti/

【釋】n. 保證；保修期；保修單

【例】a three-year warranty

【近】guarantee

miserable /?m?zr?bl/

【釋】adj. 痛苦的，悲慘的 (wretchedly unhappy or uncomfortable)

【例】He looked cold and miserable in the rain.

【近】sad, wretched, melancholy

【反】happy, cheerful

【釋】adj. 少得可憐的 (too small in quantity)

【例】Our speed over the ground was a miserable 2.2 knots.

【反】luxurious, generous, adequate

vocal /?vo?kl/

【釋】adj. 發(fā)聲的，聲音的 (of or relating to the human voice)

【例】vocal technique

【近】spoken

【釋】adj. 直言不諱的 (tending to express oneself often or freely)

【近】outspoken, expressive, blunt, frank, candid

splendid /?splend?d/

【釋】adj. 壯麗的；極好的 (very impressive; excellent)

【例】She is a splendid painter.

【近】magnificent, sumptuous, grand, superb

【反】modest, awful

【形】splendor

utter /??t?r/

【釋】v. 發(fā)出(聲音)；說 (say or make a sound)

【例】He never uttered a word of protest.

【釋】adj. 完全的；徹底的 (total; absolute)

【例】The meeting was a complete and utter waste of time.

【近】complete, thorough

outrage /?a?tre?d?/

【釋】n./v. 激怒；憤慨 (a strong feeling of shock and anger)

【例】The decision provoked outrage from women and human rights groups.

【近】indignation, fury

【釋】n. 暴行 (a wantonly cruel act)

【近】atrocity

betray /b??tre?/

【釋】v. 背叛 (give aid or information to an enemy)

【例】In wartime many people accused of betraying their country were executed.

【近】rebel

【反】be loyal to

【釋】v. 泄露 (divulge in a breach of confidence)

【例】The woman’s face betrayed no emotion.

【近】conceal

【反】hide

【形】betrayal

affiliate /??f?lie?t/

【釋】n./v. 使附屬；使緊密聯(lián)系

【例】All youth groups will have to affiliate to the National Youth Agency.

【近】associate with, unite with, combine with

【形】affiliation

batter /?b?t?r/

【釋】v. 毆打，連續(xù)猛擊 (strike repeatedly with hard blows)

【例】The court heard that he had battered his wife to death.

【近】pound

irritate /??r?te?t/

【釋】v. 使惱怒；刺激 (make (someone) annoyed, impatient, or angry)

【例】The more intrusive advertisements become, the more they irritate Web users.

【近】annoy, exasperate

【反】soothe

oversee /?o?v?r?si?/

【釋】v. 監(jiān)督 (watch somebody/something and make sure that a job is done correctly)

【例】United Nations observers oversaw the elections.

【近】supervise

mock /mɑ?k/

【釋】v. 嘲笑，嘲弄；戲謔地模仿 (laugh at somebody in an unkind way, especially by copying what they say or do)

【例】I mocked his high-pitched voice.

【近】ridicule, scorn, tease, make fun of

【釋】adj. 仿制的，假裝的，模擬的 (not real but intended to look or seem real)

【例】mock guns and knives

【反】genuine

【形】mockery

crawl /kr??l/

【釋】v. 匍匐 (move forward on using hands and knees)

【例】I began to crawl on my hands and knees towards the door.

【近】creep

illuminate /??lu?m?ne?t/

【釋】v. 闡明 (help to clarify or explain)

【例】This text illuminates the philosopher’s early thinking.

【釋】v. 照亮 (light up)

【形】illuminating, illumination

placement /?ple?sm?nt/

【釋】n. 放置，布置 (the act of placing something somewhere)

【例】the placement of the chairs

【近】positioning

【釋】n. 實(shí)習(xí) (period of time in training or work)

【例】to get a placement in a big firm

【近】job, post

persistent /p?r?s?st?nt/

【釋】adj. 堅(jiān)持不懈的 (persevering)

【例】How do you deal with persistent salesmen who won’t take no for an answer?

【近】resolute

【反】intermittent

cult /k?lt/

【釋】n. 教派 (a small religious group, especially one which is considered strange)

【例】The teenager may have been abducted by a religious cult.

【釋】n. 狂熱

albeit /???l?bi??t/

【釋】conj. 盡管

【例】He was making progress, albeit rather slowly.

disguise /d?s?ɡa?z/

【釋】v. 掩蓋

【例】He didn’t disguise his bitterness about what had happened.

【近】conceal, hide, cover up

【反】expose

【釋】v./n. 偽裝 (modify the manner or appearance of (a person, for example) in order to prevent recognition)

【例】She arrived at his home disguised as a man.

【近】camouflage

stagger /?st?ɡ?r/

【釋】v./n. 蹣跚 (an unsteady walk or movement)

【例】She staggered and fell.

【近】reel, sway

【釋】v. 使震驚 (astonish, shock, or overwhelm)

【例】Rory was staggered by his answer.

【近】amaze, astound, astonish

【釋】v. 使交錯；使…錯開 (place on or as if on alternating sides of a center line)

【例】staggered working hours

【形】staggering

faction /?f?k?n/

【釋】n. 派系 (a small, organized, dissenting group within a larger one)

【例】A peace agreement will be signed by the leaders of the country’s warring factions.

【近】party

spit /sp?t/

【釋】v. 噴出；吐出；吐口水 (eject forcibly from one’s mouth)

【例】The woman spat and shouted insults as they passed by.

【釋】n. 口水

weep /wi?p/

【釋】v./n. 哭泣 (shed tears)

【例】She began to weep tears of joy.

【近】cry, sob

【釋】v. 流膿

partisan /?pɑ?rt?zn/

【釋】adj. 有傾向性的

【例】He is clearly too partisan to be a referee.

【反】unbiased

【釋】n. 擁護(hù)者

divine /d??va?n/

【釋】adj. 神的，神賜予的 (of, from, or like a god)

【例】He sought divine guidance through meditation.

【近】heavenly, celestial, religious, holy, sacred

【反】mortal

animate /??n?me?t/

【釋】v. 使有生氣，使活潑 (make lively or excited)

【例】The writer’s humor animates the novel.

【近】energize, revive, inspire

【釋】adj. 有生命的 (alive or living)

【例】an animate dance routine that will really get the blood pumping

【反】depressed, inanimate

【形】animated

enact /??n?kt/

【釋】v. 將…制定成法律 (make (a bill or other proposal) law)

【例】The authorities have failed so far to enact a law allowing unrestricted emigration.

【近】legislate

【釋】v. 演繹 (perform by acting)

【例】She often enacted the stories told to her by her father.

【近】activate

dread /dred/

【釋】v./n. 恐懼，擔(dān)心 (feel very worried)

【例】I dread the day she finds out.

【近】fear, be afraid of

【反】confidence

【形】dreadful

assertion /??s??r?n/

【釋】n. 斷言 (statement)

【例】I questioned his assertion.

【釋】n. 主張

fluctuate /?fl?kt?ue?t/

【釋】v. 波動 (change continually and especially up and down)

【例】The temperature fluctuated.

【近】vary, change, differ, shift

【形】fluctuation

compliment /?kɑ?mpl?m?nt/

【釋】n./v. 贊揚(yáng)；致意 (an expression of praise, admiration, or congratulation)

【例】It is a compliment to be compared to her.

【近】remark, tribute, praise

【反】insult, criticize

【形】complimentary

temptation /temp?te??n/

【釋】n. 誘惑，引誘 (a thing that makes somebody want to do something that they know is bad or wrong)

【例】Mary resisted the temptation to answer back.

generic /d???ner?k/

【釋】adj. 普通的；通用的 (common)

【例】Chevre is a generic term for all goat’s milk cheese.

【釋】adj. 無注冊商標(biāo)的

【釋】adj. [生物]屬的 (relating to a genus)

contingent /k?n?t?nd??nt/

【釋】adj. 視情況而定的 (subject to chance)

【例】Businesses need to be aware of their liabilities, both actual and contingent.

【釋】n. 一組；分遣隊(duì)

【例】A contingent of Japanese businessmen attended a conference.

commence /k??mens/

【釋】v. 開始，著手 (begin; start)

【例】We commence building on March 18th.

【形】commencement

grim /ɡr?m/

【釋】adj. 嚴(yán)肅的；令人沮喪的 (forbidding or uninviting)

【例】the grim reality of unemployment

【近】formidable, harsh

【反】pleasant

graze /ɡre?z/

【釋】v. 放牧 (put cows, sheep, etc. in a field so that they can eat the grass there)

【例】The farmer grazed the cattle.

【近】feed

【釋】v. 擦傷 (scrape by rubbing against sth.)

【例】One of the long spikes grazed his shoulder.

dim /d?m/

【釋】v. 使減小 (decrease)

【反】intensify

【釋】adj. 昏暗的

【近】feeble

【釋】v. 使…黯然失色

subscription /s?b?skr?p?n/

【釋】n. 訂購，訂閱

【例】a one-year subscription

【釋】n. 認(rèn)捐，捐款

【例】The school was built by public subscription in 1878.

reconcile /?rek?nsa?l/

【釋】v. 使和解，調(diào)停 (restore friendly relations between)

【例】There seems to be no possibility of reconciling the two versions of what happened.

【近】harmonize

【反】quarrel

【形】reconciliation

arc /ɑ?rk/

【釋】n. 弧(度)

【例】the huge arc of the sky

【近】curve, arch

【釋】v. 做弧形運(yùn)動

【例】The ball arced across the room.

bruise /bru?z/

【釋】n. 青腫；碰傷

【例】He had a bad purple bruise over his eye.

【近】mark, damage

【釋】v. 使…出現(xiàn)傷痕

【例】She bruised her leg quite badly when she fell.

【近】injure

benchmark /?bent?mɑ?rk/

【釋】n. 基準(zhǔn) (a standard or point of reference against which things may be compared or assessed)

【例】The truck industry is a benchmark for the economy.

【近】standard

escort /?esk??rt/

【釋】n./v. 護(hù)送；護(hù)衛(wèi)

【例】He was driven away under armed escort.

【近】guard, companion

brutal /?bru?tl/

【釋】adj. 野蠻的

【例】the brutal suppression of anti-government protests

【近】savage, cruel, vicious

【反】gentle

precedent /?pres?d?nt/

【釋】n. 前例

【例】The trial could set an important precedent for dealing with large numbers of similar cases.

【近】model, example, pattern

memoir /?memwɑ?r/

【釋】n. 回憶錄

【例】She wrote a memoir of her stay in France.

【近】account, history

contempt /k?n?tempt/

【釋】n. 蔑視，輕視

【例】I shall treat that remark with the contempt it deserves.

【近】scorn, disrespect, hatred, disregard

【反】respect

【形】contemptible, contemptuous

mighty /?ma?ti/

【釋】adj. 強(qiáng)大的 (possessing great and impressive power or strength)

【例】The pen is mightier than the sword.

【近】powerful, violent, vigorous

glorious /?ɡl??ri?s/

【釋】adj. 宏偉的

【例】She had missed the glorious blooms of the Mediterranean spring.

【近】famous, outstanding

【釋】adj. 令人快樂的

【例】We had a glorious time at the seaside.

【反】miserable

【形】glory

heir /er/

【釋】n. 繼承人

【例】She acknowledged him as her heir.

【近】successor

premature /?pri?m??t??r/

【釋】adj. 過早的；早產(chǎn)的 (occurring or done before the usual or proper time; too early)

【例】It’s a little premature to talk about concluding a deal.

【近】early

【反】overdue

【釋】adj. 未經(jīng)深思熟慮的，不成熟的 (occurring, growing, or existing before the customary, correct, or assigned time)

【近】rash, hasty

slaughter /?sl??t?r/

【釋】n./v. 屠殺

【例】Innocent civilians are being slaughtered.

【近】kill, massacre, murder, butcher

【釋】n./v. 徹底擊敗

【例】Our team was slaughtered in the finals.

【近】defeat

accountable /??ka?nt?bl/

【釋】adj. 有責(zé)任的

【例】Public officials can finally be held accountable for their actions.

【近】responsible, liable, comprehensible

【形】accountability

bob /bɑ?b/

【釋】v. 上下快速移動

【例】Huge balloons bobbed about in the sky above.

【釋】v. 點(diǎn)頭

vicious /?v???s/

【釋】adj. 邪惡的

【例】He suffered a vicious attack by a gang of white youths.

【近】savage, violent, ruthless

【反】gentle

bypass /?ba?p?s/

【釋】v. 越過；繞行 (go around or avoid a place)

【例】A growing number of employers are trying to bypass the unions altogether.

【釋】n. 旁路；[公路]支路

【釋】n./v. (做)搭橋手術(shù) (a surgical operation performed on or near the heart)

intimidate /?n?t?m?de?t/

【釋】v. 威嚇 (frighten or overawe)

【例】He intimidates the children by shouting at them.

【近】terrify, scare, terrorize

【形】intimidating

impair /?m?per/

【釋】v. 削弱(尤指感官) (weaken or damage)

【例】The condition does not seem to impair his ability to work.

【近】damage, harm, weaken

【反】improve, enhance

verge /v??rd?/

【釋】n. 邊緣，界限 (an edge or border)

【例】The suspect is on the verge of confessing.

【近】edge, fringe, margin

【釋】v. 接近 (be very close to an extreme state or condition)

【例】His suggestions verged on madness.

aftermath /??ft?rm?θ/

【釋】n. 后果 (the consequences or aftereffects of a significant unpleasant event)

【例】Food prices soared in the aftermath of the drought.

【近】repercussion, consequence