官术网_书友最值得收藏!

第一周
Wednesday

音頻

deserve /d??z??v/ 聽寫譯

釋義 vt. 值得;應得;應受

助記 de(完全)+serve(服侍,服務)→完全應該提供服務→應得;應受

搭配 get what you deserve 罪有應得

示例 ① Because of her "improvement" theory, I got a lower grade than I deserve. 由于她的“進步”理論,我的分數比我應得的分數低。(2010. 6)② Promoting the full development of tertiary industry deserved to be called a decision with farsightedness. 大力發展第三產業不愧為一項有遠見的政策。

派生 deservedly (ad. 理所當然地)‖deserving (a. 值得的;應得的)

同義 earn, merit

語料 He who allows himself to be insulted, deserves to be. 自己甘愿受辱的人,受污辱也活該。(英國作家科福德)

deprive /d??pra?v/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 剝奪,使喪失

助記 de(=from,脫離)+priv(=seperate,分開)+e→使脫離某人→剝奪,使喪失

搭配 deprive sb./sth. of sth. 剝奪,使喪失

示例 ① I don't think it advisable that parents deprive their children of freedom to spend their spare time as they wish. 我認為父母剝奪孩子的自由,不讓他們在空閑時間做自己想做的事,是很不明智的。(2008. 12) ② That student was deprived of his master degree for plagiarism in his thesis. 那個學生因為論文抄襲而被取消了碩士學位。

派生 deprivation (n. 剝奪;喪失;窮困)

語料 The only freedom which deserves the name is that of pursuing our own good in our way, so long as we do not attempt to deprive others of theirs or impede their efforts to obtain it. 可以稱之為自由的只有一種形式,那就是——以我們自己的方式追求自己的幸福,只要我們不試圖剝奪別人的幸福或阻礙別人努力追求幸福。(英國自由主義哲學家約翰?米爾)

competitive /k?m?pet?t?v/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 競爭的;有競爭力的

助記 com(=together,與…一起)+petit(=seek,追求,尋求)+ive(形容詞后綴,有…性質的)→一起追求…的→競爭的;有競爭力的

搭配 competitive advantage 競爭優勢

示例 ① Whether they experiment with three-year degrees, offer year-round classes, challenge the tenure system—or all of the above—universities are slowly realizing that to stay competitive and relevant they must adapt to a rapidly changing world. 無論大學是嘗試三年制學位、提供全年課程、挑戰終身聘任制,還是采用以上全部做法,它們正逐漸意識到,要保持自身競爭力和與時俱進,就必須適應快速變化的世界。(2012. 6) ② A graduate has to be aggressive in today's highly competitive labor market. 在當今高度競爭的勞動力市場上,畢業生必須要有進取精神。

派生 competitively (ad. 有競爭力地)‖competitiveness (n. 競爭力)

反義 uncompetitive

rectify /?rekt?fa?/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 矯正,糾正,改正

助記 rect(=right,對的)+ify(動詞后綴,使成為)→使…成為對的→矯正,改正

示例 ① He will have to work even harder to convince Americans that his company is doing all it can to rectify the situation. 他必須更加努力地工作,讓美國人相信他的公司正在盡全力改善目前的狀況。(The Economist) ② We'd better take measures to rectify the enterprise before it is too late. 我們應該及時采取措施整頓企業,以免太遲了。

派生 rectifiable (a. 可改正的,可矯正的)‖rectification (n. 改正,矯正)

同義 correct

exceed /?k?si?d/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 超過(數量);超越(法律、命令等)的限制

助記 ex(=out,向外)+ceed(=go,走)→走出界外,過線→超過,超出

搭配 exceed expectations 出乎預料

示例 ① Readers will be required to pay when they have exceeded a set number of its online articles per month. 當讀者每月瀏覽的在線文章超過一定數量后將被要求付費。(2010. 12) ② The guest team finally win the key match though their rival exceeded in number. 盡管對手占據人數上的優勢,客隊最終還是贏得了這場關鍵比賽的勝利。

派生 exceedingly (ad. 極其;非常;很)

同義 surpass

語料 The wisdom of the masses exceeds that of the wisest individual. 三個臭皮匠賽過諸葛亮。

confidence /?k?nf?d?ns/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 信心;把握;信賴  生義 n. 秘密,機密

助記 con(=completely,完全)+fid(=trust,相信)+ence(名詞后綴,行為,狀態)→信任;自信

搭配 lack of confidence 缺乏自信心

示例 ① Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world. 許多人認為僅憑科學知識就能建立一個繁榮有序的世界,而兩次世界大戰和經濟大蕭條動搖了他們的信心。(2010. 12) ② This speech actively empowered those handicapped children and boosted their confidence in themselves. 這場演講使殘疾兒童更加積極主動地對待命運,增強了他們的自信心。

ignorance /??ɡn?r?ns/ 讀寫譯

釋義 n. 無知;愚昧

助記 i(=not,不)+gnor(=know,知道)+ance(名詞后綴,表狀態)→什么都不知道→無知;愚昧

搭配 ignorance of/about sth. 對某事無知

示例 ① Many water scooter operators are inexperienced and ignorant of navigational rules, which increases the potential for accidents. 許多水上摩托車的駕駛者沒有經驗,而且不了解航行的規則,這就增加了事故隱患。(2008. 6) ② The more you study, the more you discover your ignorance. 知識越多,就越發現自己的無知。

語料 Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud. 博學使人謙遜,無知使人驕傲。

diverse /da??v??s/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 不同的,相異的;多種多樣的

助記 di(=apart,分離)+vers(=turn,轉,翻)+e→向不同方向翻轉的→不同的;多種多樣的

示例 ① During the presidential campaign, Barack Obama assembled a racially and ideologically diverse coalition with his message of hope and change; as the reality of life under a new administration settles in, some of those supporters might become disillusioned. 在總統競選期間,巴拉克?奧巴馬宣稱要為人們帶來希望和改變,他也因此籠絡了一個種族各異、意識形態各異的群體。隨著新政府領導下真實生活的逐步展開,一些支持者可能會失望。(2010. 6) ② This magazine deals with subjects as diverse as science theories and latest trend information. 這本雜志涉及科學理論、最新趨勢信息等各種主題。

派生 diversify (vt. 使多樣化,使變化)‖diversification (n. 多樣化)

同義 different, various

反義 similar

reliable /r??la??bl/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 可信賴的;可靠的;確實的

助記 re(表強調)+li(=tie,捆)+able(形容詞后綴,可…的)→可捆到…上去的→可信賴的;可靠的;確實的

示例 ① The only obstacles to opening up space to tourists are the space agencies, who are concerned with safety and the development of a reliable, reusable launch vehicle. 把太空開放給游客的唯一障礙來自太空旅行社,它們擔心安全問題以及可靠、可重復使用的飛行器的開發問題。(2006. 12) ② Not only does the new technique make the touch screen more reliable, it makes it much more precise. 這項新技術不僅使觸摸屏更加可靠,也更精確。

同義 trustworthy, dependable

反義 unreliable

contrast 聽讀寫譯

熟義 /?k?ntrɑ?st/ n. 明顯的差異;對比‖/k?n?trɑ?st/ v. 對比;形成對比

生義 n. 明顯不同的人;顏色反差;圖像明暗對比度

助記 contra(相對,反對)+st(=stand,站立)→與…相反站立→對比,對照

搭配 in contrast to 與…形成對照‖by contrast 相比之下

示例 ① The U. S. green card, by contrast, is an almost automatic path to becoming American (after five years and a clean record). 相比之下,擁有美國綠卡幾乎可以使人自動獲得美國公民身份(持有綠卡五年并無不良記錄)。(2008. 6) ② Their material prosperity contrast sharply with the emptiness of their lives. 他們物質上的富足與生活上的空虛形成了強烈的對比。

派生 contrasting (a. 極不相同的,差異大的)‖contrastive (a. 對比的)

evaluate /??v?ljue?t/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 評估,評價,估計

助記 e(=out,出,外)+valu(=value,價值)+ate(使成為)→使…的價值體現出來→評估,評價

示例 ① A key process in interpersonal interaction is that of social comparison, in that we evaluate ourselves in terms of how we compare to others. 人際互動中的一個重要過程是社會比較,在社會比較中我們通過與其他人相比來評價我們自己。(2012. 12) ② Our research attempts to evaluate which treatment might be the best. 我們通過研究試圖評估哪種治療方法最有效。

派生 evaluation (n. 估價,評價)‖evaluative (a. 可估價的)

同義 assess, estimate

辨析 evaluate, assess和estimate都有“評估,評價”的含義。evaluate指經過深思熟慮后對某物的數量、價值、品質進行評估;assess指對某物或某人的品質或本質進行評價,相對客觀;estimate常指在沒有確切數據支持的情況下做出的估計,相對主觀。

confine /k?n?fa?n/ 讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 限制,限定;監禁;使離不開(或受困于床、輪椅等)‖n. 界限;范圍

助記 con(=completely,完全)+fin(=end, boundary,界限)+e→完全受限→監禁

搭配 confine sb./sth. to sth. 把某人或某物限制于…

示例 ① The injury will confine Anna to bed for quite a while. 這次受傷將使安娜臥病在床很長一段時間。(2012. 6)② The zoologists are trying to prevent the endangered elephants from leaving the confines of this preservation. 動物學家們試圖阻止瀕危的大象離開這個保護區的范圍。

派生 confined (a. 受限制的;狹窄的)‖confinement (n. 禁閉,關押)

同義 restrict, limit

link /l??k/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 聯系;關系‖vt. 把…連接起來;相關聯;說明…之間有聯系

生義 n. 交通路線;(鏈狀物的)環,圈‖vt. 挽住;鉤住

搭配 link up with sb./sth. 與…連接,結合

示例 ① "It's no secret that children learn words, but the words they tend to know are words linked to specific situations in the home," explains Schafer. 謝弗解釋說:“孩子們可以學會單詞這并不是什么秘密,但是他們傾向于認識那些與家中特定情景相關的詞。”(2006. 12)② The new research shows cigarette smoke contains thousands of chemical substances, many of which had a strong causal link to the development of lung cancer. 最新的研究表明,香煙煙霧中含有幾千種化學物質,其中很多與肺癌有緊密的因果聯系。

派生 linkage (n. 連接,聯系)

同義 connect

語料 A chain is no stronger than its weakest link. 鏈條的堅固程度取決于它最薄弱的環節。

federal /?fed?r?l/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 聯邦制的;聯邦政府的

助記 feder(=league,聯盟)+al(關于…的)→聯邦的

示例 ① The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. 管理聯邦學生助學金和貸款的國會規章堆放起來是我身高的兩倍。(2012. 6) ② Federal law requires public schools to help disabled students through special education service. 聯邦法要求公立學校通過特殊教育服務幫助殘障兒童。

派生 federalise (vt. 使結成聯邦)‖federalism (n. 聯邦制)

density /?dens?ti/ 聽寫譯

釋義 n. 密集;稠密;密度

助記 dens(=make thick,變濃厚)+ity(性質,狀態,程度)→密集;稠密

示例 ① Medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed, clothed and sheltered a predominantly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today. 北歐的中世紀農業保障了以農業為主導的社會的衣食住行,但是當時的人口密度要比今天的小得多。(2008. 12) ② The area had a population density of ten people per square mile. 該地區人口密度為每平方英里十人。

同義 thickness

disastrous /d??zɑ?str?s/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 極糟糕的,災難性的,完全失敗的

示例 ① One need only look at the examples of Canada, Sweden, Australia or Germany, where Saturday delivery is charged extra, to see the non-disastrous effects of such a policy. 我們只要看看加拿大、瑞典、澳大利亞或德國這幾個針對周六遞送收取額外費用的例子就會知道,這一政策并不會帶來什么災難性的后果。(The Economist) ② The building was nearly destroyed by a disastrous fire. 這座建筑幾乎被一場災難性的大火摧毀了。

派生 disastrously (ad. 災難性地)

同義 catastrophic

ignite /?ɡ?na?t/ 聽寫譯

釋義 v. (使)燃燒,著火;點燃

助記 ign(=fire,點火)+ite(表示行為)→點火的行為→使燃燒

示例 ① "United 93" is the first feature film to deal explicitly with the events of September 11, 2001, and is certain to ignite an emotional debate. 《93號航班》是第一部正式涉及“9?11事件”的專題電影,毫無疑問它會引起感情上的爭論。(2008. 6) ② Tempers ignited when the whole family reunited and spent Spring Festival together. 全家人團聚到一起過春節,大家心里都很激動。

派生 ignition (n. 點火裝置;著火)‖ignitable (a. 可燃燒的)

conform /k?n?f??m/ 聽寫譯

熟義 v. 順應,隨潮流;遵守,服從  生義 v. 相一致,相符合,相吻合

助記 con(=together,共同)+form(形式)→大家按照共同形式去做→遵守;相一致

搭配 conform to sth. 順從;遵守;相符合

示例 ① In it the majority of students will have conformed to the standard model of the time: male, middle class and Western. 講堂里的大部分學生都符合那個年代的標準模式:男性、中產階級和西方人。(2011. 6) ② If children disagree or don't conform to their parents' expectations, the parents will get confused or irritated. 如果孩子不同意或者不能順從父母的期望,父母就會困惑或生氣。

派生 conformist (n. 循規蹈矩的人)‖conformity (n. 遵從;隨大流)

feature /?fi?t??(r)/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 特征,特點;專題節目‖v. 以…為特色,是…的特征;起重要作用

生義 n. (電影的)正片,故事片

搭配 geographical features 地理特征;地貌

示例Featuring no famous actors, it begins with images of a beautiful morning and passengers boarding an airplane. 沒有什么著名的演員參演,該影片以乘客在一個美麗的清晨登機的畫面開始。(2008. 6) ② Many of the restaurants featured in the guidebook offer special deals for vacation breaks. 旅游指南書中列出的很多餐廳都提供假期的特別優惠。

派生 featureless (a. 沒有特色的,平淡無奇的)

同義 characteristic, trait

alike /??la?k/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 相像,十分相似‖ad. 十分相像地;同樣地

助記 a(呈…狀態,以…方式)+like(像,似)→呈相似狀態,以相似方式→相像,十分相似

搭配 share and share alike 平均分享

示例 ① Since it began in 1994, the national lottery has created over 3,200 millionaires. It is the country's most popular form of gambling, played by rich and poor alike. 自1994年創辦以來,國家彩票已經讓超過3200人變成了百萬富翁,這是這個國家最流行的賭博方式,不管窮人和富人都參與其中。(The Economist) ② The twin brothers are so alike that even their parents can hardly distinguish one from the other. 這對孿生兄弟長得如此地相像,以至于即使是他們的父母也很難把他們區分開。

派生 alikeness (n. 同樣,相似)

同義 similar

語料 A famed person and a fattened pig are alike in danger. 人怕出名豬怕壯。

comply /k?m?pla?/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 v. 遵從,服從,順從

助記 com(=completely,全)+ply(充滿,完善)→(為滿足某人意愿)做得完美→(對要求、命令等)服從,順從

搭配 comply with sth. 遵從某事物

示例 ① The reason for central bank's tough stance is that it has to comply with the European Union's banking and anti-money-laundering law. 中央銀行的立場之所以如此堅定,是因為它必須遵從歐盟的銀行和反洗錢法。(The Economist) ② Failure to comply with safety regulations will result in punishment. 不遵守安全規則將受到懲罰。

派生 compliance(n. 遵從,服從,順從)

opportunity /??p??tju?n?ti/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 機會,時機

搭配 opportunity to do sth./of doing sth. 做某事的機會

示例 ① That's both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-education system in the world. 這對世界上最好的高等教育體制既是一個機遇又是一個預警。(2012. 6) ② An optimist sees an opportunity in every calamity; a pessimist sees a calamity in every opportunity. 樂觀的人在災難中看到機會;悲觀的人在機會中看到災難。

同義 chance, occasion

語料 Our destiny offers not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity. So let us seize it, not in fear, but in gladness. 命運給予我們的不是失望之酒,而是機會之杯。因此,讓我們毫無畏懼,滿心愉悅地把握命運吧。(美國前總統尼克松)

freight /fre?t/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 貨運,運送‖vt. 寄送,運送(貨物)

生義 vt. 使充滿(某種心情或語氣)

示例 ① When the network gets complete, it will integrate three types of railway line: totally new high speed lines with trains operating at speeds of 300 kilometers per hour, upgraded lines which allow for speeds up to 200 to 225 kilometers per hour, and existing lines for local connections and distribution of freight. 當歐洲高速鐵路網建成后,它將整合三類鐵路線:列車時速可達每小時300公里的全新高速鐵路線,升級后列車每小時可運行200至225公里的鐵路線,以及現有的供本地聯絡和貨運的鐵路線。(2007. 12) ② The benefits of this project include reduced travel time for passengers and freight transport and lower transport costs. 該項目的好處包括減少客運和貨運交通所用的時間以及降低交通成本。

派生 freighter (n. 貨船;運輸飛機)

resident /?rez?d?nt/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 居民,住戶;(旅館的)住宿者‖a. (在某地)居住的

生義 n. (美國的)高級專科住院實習醫生

助記 re(反復,加強)+sid(=sit,坐)+ent(做…動作的人)→一再坐下來的人→居民,住戶

示例 ① Last September, the 28-year-old Chicago resident resolved to cut plastics out of her life. 去年九月,一名28歲的芝加哥居民決心要將塑料從她的生活中剔除。(2011. 12) ② All the local residents protested against the wasted water from the textile mill poured into the lake. 當地居民一致抗議紡織廠將污水排入湖中。

派生 residential (a. 適合居住的;提供住宿的)

同義 inhabitant

empirical /?m?p?r?kl/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 以實驗(或經驗)為依據的;經驗主義的

助記 em(=out,出)+pir(=try out,嘗試)+ical(…的)→通過嘗試得出來的→以實驗為依據的

示例Empirical evidence showed that although advertisers would respond only after some time, the eventual gain was worth the wait. 經驗證據顯示,盡管廣告商做出反應需要一段時間,但最終的收益還是值得這段等待的。(The Economist) ② Empirical evidence supports the efficacy of these treatments. 經驗證據證明這些治療方法是有效的。

派生 empirically (ad. 以經驗為主地)

反義 theoretical

famine /?f?m?n/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 饑荒

示例 ① Another (militant group) then claimed the declaration of famine was a Western ploy to gain influence. 另一個(武裝集團)則宣稱,饑荒聲明是西方國家獲得影響力的一個手段。(The Economist) ② These weeks of excessive rain have once again raised the fear of widespread famine. 幾星期來的大雨再次引起了人們對于大饑荒的恐懼。

同義 hunger, starvation

反義 plenty, abundance

語料 Everybody says children are for old age as corn is for a famine. 積谷防饑,養兒防老。

marvellous /?mɑ?v?l?s/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 極好的,非凡的

示例 ① Earthquakes are a horrible way of changing the physical landscape—but geopolitical ones can have marvellous results. 地震是一種改變自然地貌的可怕方式,但地緣政治的地震卻能產生令人驚嘆的結果。(The Economist) ② Their performance was marvellous. 他們的演出太精彩了。

同義 amazing

stereotype /?steri?ta?p/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 老一套;刻板印象‖v. 對…形成模式化的看法

搭配 stereotype... as... 將…模式化地視為…

示例 ① The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated. 他身上所具有的特征和黑人野蠻、未受過教育的種族偏見完全相反。(2010. 6) ② He doesn't conform to the usual stereotype of the company employee with a black suit and briefcase. 他的形象不同于人們印象中公司職員穿黑色西服、提著公文包的樣子。

派生 stereotyped (a. 老一套的)‖stereotyping (n. 刻板印象)

cumulative /?kju?mj?l?t?v/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 聚積的,漸增的;累積的

助記 cumul(=heap,堆積)+ative(有…性質的)→漸增的;累積的

示例 ① Knowledge is cumulative, easy to share and generates benefits that spill rapidly across borders. 知識可以積累也便于分享,還能產生效益,它產生的效益會快速滿溢,超越國界。(The Economist) ② One sign of increasing maturity in the strategy field is an increasing attention to cumulative, rather than individual theory development. 在戰略領域日益成熟的一個標志就是更加重視理論發展的累積,而非單個理論的發展。

派生 cumulatively (ad. 漸增地,累積地)‖cumulativeness (n. 漸增,累積)

同義 accumulative, increasing

trial /?tra??l/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 審訊;試驗,試用‖v. 測試,試驗,試用

生義 n. 預賽;比賽;考驗

搭配 trial and error 反復試驗,不斷摸索‖on trial 受審;試用

示例 ① Rather than just another weird episode in the town that brought you protesting environmentalists, this latest drama is a trial for how today's parents perceive risk. 這不僅僅是一場能給這座城市帶來游行抗議的環保主義者的奇怪事件,這場最新的鬧劇是對如今的父母如何感知風險的一次考驗。(2009. 12) ② At the trial he said over and over that he had done it to settle his conscience, but nobody listened to him. 庭審時,他不停地說這樣做是為了讓自己良心安穩,但沒有人聽他的。

語料 As fruit needs not only sunshine but cold nights and chilling showers to ripen it, so character needs not only joy but trial and difficulty to mellow it. 正如水果的成熟不僅需要陽光,也需要寒夜和冰冷的雨水,人的性格陶冶不僅需要歡樂,也需要考驗和困難。(美國作家休?布萊克)

universal /?ju?n??v??sl/ 聽寫譯

釋義 a. 普遍的,全體的,共同的;廣泛適用的

助記 uni(=one,一,單一,統一)+vers(=turn,轉動)+al(…的)→繞某個東西轉動的→普遍的;廣泛適用的

示例 ① Thus, science will kill religion—not by reason challenging faith but by offering a more practical, universal and rewarding moral framework for human interaction. 因此,科學將消滅宗教,不是用理智挑戰信仰,而是通過為人類交往提供一個更為實際、通用而有益的道德框架。(2008. 6) ② These are universal principles, not just for people who call themselves journalists but for anyone who wants to be trusted for what they say or write. 這些是普遍原則,不僅適用于那些自稱新聞工作者的人,也適用于所有想讓別人相信自己的言語和文章的人。

派生 universality (n. 普遍性;多方面性)‖universally (ad. 全體地;一致地)

同義 common, general

反義 individual

語料 All progress is based upon a universal innate desire on the part of every organism to live beyond its income. 世人莫不懷著一種與生俱來的欲望,要使支出超過收入,此乃一切進步的動力。(英國作家塞繆爾?巴特勒)

bewilder /b??w?ld?(r)/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 使迷惑,使糊涂

示例 ① Rows over gay marriage and women bishops bewilder most people. 大多數人對同性婚姻和女性主教的爭論感到困惑。(The Guardian) ② I confess myself bewildered by his sudden change of mood. 我承認他情緒的突然轉變使我感到困惑。

派生 bewildering (a. 令人困惑的,使人糊涂的)‖bewilderment (n. 迷惘,困惑)

同義 confuse

glow /ɡl??/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 v. 發出暗淡的光;發紅,發熱‖n. 暗淡的光;容光煥發,滿面紅光

生義 v. 喜形于色;色彩鮮艷‖n. 金色,紅色;喜悅

示例 ① After firefighters extinguish a blaze they usually look carefully for glowing embers before rolling up their hoses and heading off. 在撲滅一場大火之后,消防隊員通常會在卷起消防水帶離開之前仔細檢查燃燒發紅的余燼。(The Economist)② There was no light in the room except for the occasional glow of embers in the hearth. 除了壁爐里偶爾有余燼發出的微弱紅光外,這個房間里沒有一點亮光。

派生 glowing (a. 灼熱的;熱情洋溢的)

同義 blaze

commemorate /k??mem?re?t/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 紀念,作為…的紀念

助記 com(=completely,完全)+memor(=remember,記憶)+ate(使成為)→使完全成為記憶→紀念

示例 ① Since the 1915 publication of John McCrae's war poem "In Flanders Fields", the poppy has been used to commemorate soldiers who have died in war. 自從1915年約翰?麥克雷的戰爭詩歌《在法蘭德斯戰場》發表后,罌粟花就被用來紀念在戰爭中犧牲的士兵。(The Economist) ② A series of documentaries were shown to commemorate the 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening up. 為了紀念中國改革開放30周年上映了一系列紀錄片。

派生 commemoration (n. 紀念;紀念儀式)‖commemorative (a. 紀念的)

同義 honor, celebrate

sheer /???(r)/ 讀寫譯

熟義 a. 完全的‖ad. 垂直地;陡峭地;完全地  生義 a. 陡峭的;透明的

搭配 sheer nonsense 一派胡言

示例 ① It is a sheer waste of time. 這簡直是在浪費時間。(2011. 12) ② It would be sheer insanity to attempt to play football in such bad weather. 天氣這么糟糕還要去踢足球,這簡直是瘋了。

同義 steep

語料 Light a candle for a blind person—a sheer waste. 瞎子點燈白費蠟。

harsh /hɑ??/ 讀寫譯

熟義 a. 殘酷的;惡劣的;刺眼的  生義 a. 刺耳的;粗糙的

示例 ① He needs a vehicle to be used in harsh weather. 他需要一輛在天氣惡劣時使用的車。(2010. 12) ② You can't deny someone because of some absurd and harsh slanders. 你不能因為一些荒唐、惡劣的誹謗而否定一個人。

同義 rough, coarse

反義 smooth

辨析 harsh, rough和coarse都有“粗糙的”的含義。harsh指感官上粗糙、刺耳等感覺,強調其所帶來的不舒服、不愉悅之感;rough指物體表面不光滑,高低不平的;coarse指因加工不精細而使某物質地粗糙,也指人的言談舉止粗俗、不文雅。

toss /t?s/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 v. 扔,拋;擲硬幣決定;使搖擺‖n. 擲硬幣決定;投擲

生義 v. 搖勻;甩(頭)

搭配 toss and turn 輾轉反側‖toss a coin 拋硬幣決定問題

示例 ① The tradition of parade—watchers clamouring for, and marchers tossing, strands of beads dates back to the 1920s. 觀眾叫喊著要串珠,游行者扔串珠——這個游行的傳統可以追溯到20世紀20年代。(The Economist) ② Individuals who have difficulty initiating sleep often toss and turn in bed and try to force sleep to come. 有入睡障礙的人常常在床上翻來覆去,強迫睡意到來。

同義 throw, cast

pursue /p??sju?/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 追求;繼續探討;跟蹤;追趕;追捕

助記 pur(向前)+sue(=follow,追隨)→追隨前面的人→追求

搭配 to pursue a goal 追求目標

示例 ① Miller developed a 7-step process to help potential job seekers assess their current situation and beliefs, identify their real passion, and start on a journey that allows them to pursue their passion through work. 米勒制定了一個七步法以幫助潛在的求職者評估現狀和信念,發現他們真正的激情所在以及開啟一段通過工作追逐激情的旅程。(2007. 6) ② The criminal they pursued intermingled with the crowd in hope that they would lose sight of him. 他們追捕的罪犯混在人群中,想讓他們找不到他。

派生 pursuer (n. 追求者;追趕者;追捕者)‖pursuit (n. 追求;追趕)

同義 chase, follow

語料 Happiness is a butterfly, which, when pursued, is always just beyond your grasp, but which, if you will sit down quietly, may alight upon you. 幸福是一只蝴蝶,你要追逐它的時候,總是追不到;但是如果你輕輕地坐下來,它也許會飛落到你身上。(美國作家納撒尼爾?霍桑)

undergo /??nd??ɡ??/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 經歷,經受

示例 ① Researchers recruited 820 adults who had undergone a routine physical exam at a health clinic in 1988, and then interviewed them in detail about their workplace conditions—asking how nice their colleagues were, whether their boss was supportive and how much autonomy they had in their position. 研究人員招募了820名曾經在1988年在健康診所做過例行身體檢查的成人,并詢問了這些人關于他們辦公條件的一些細節問題,如:他們的同事如何?他們的老板是否支持他們?他們所從事的職位有多大的自主權?(2012. 12)② The way in which we communicate has undergone a radical transformation in the past decades. 在過去幾十年里,我們的通訊方式經歷了徹底的變革。

同義 experience

語料 Those who expect to reap the blessings of freedom must undergo the fatigue of supporting it. 那些想要收獲自由之果的人們必須承受維護自由的勞苦。(美國作家托馬斯?潘恩)

enclose /?n?kl??z/ 讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 把…圍起來,圍住;隨…附上

助記 en(在內)+close(關閉)→被關在內→圍住

示例 ① Seconds later, the car was enclosed in flames. 幾秒鐘后,那輛轎車就被火焰包圍了。(2006. 12) ② All notes should be enclosed in parenthesis. 所有注釋都應該用圓括號括起來。

派生 enclosed (a. 圍住的;附上的)‖enclosure (n. 圈占地;附件)

同義 surround, envelop

反義 disclose

主站蜘蛛池模板: 镇坪县| 高陵县| 南开区| 建水县| 望都县| 晋宁县| 宣化县| 柞水县| 和田市| 峨眉山市| 仁怀市| 巩义市| 乌兰县| 长治市| 和林格尔县| 遂溪县| 铜山县| 德江县| 樟树市| 双城市| 黄骅市| 阿拉善盟| 衡阳县| 兴安县| 南江县| 临江市| 叙永县| 神池县| 庆云县| 江华| 彩票| 苍梧县| 通城县| 贡山| 五台县| 青阳县| 水城县| 巴林左旗| 罗山县| 武定县| 通州区|