- 六級大綱核心詞匯周計劃(新六級版)
- 新東方考試研究中心
- 6275字
- 2019-01-04 22:50:49
第一周
Tuesday

音頻
detect /d??tekt/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 vt. 發現,查明,偵查出
助記 de(=away,離開)+tect(=cover,覆蓋)→去掉覆蓋,查明真相→發現,查明
示例 ① "An animal that can't detect danger can't stay alive," says Joseph Ledoux. 約瑟夫?勒杜說:“不能覺察到危險的動物無法生存。”(2006. 12)② Scientists invented a kind of instrument which can detect the disease early. 科學家發明了一種能在早期檢查出疾病的儀器。
派生 detective (n. 警探;私人偵探)‖detectable (a. 可覺察的,可發現的)
同義 discover, find
slide /sla?d/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 v. & n. 滑行;衰落‖n. 滑梯;崩塌;幻燈片
搭配 slide from/to 逐漸降低;貶值‖slide down/into/towards 逐漸衰落;逐漸陷入
示例 ① The economic slide also rules out any privatisations this year or next. 經濟衰退也排除了今年或明年任何私有化的可能性。(The Economist)② A snake slides into his bed and bites his leg. 蛇不聲不響地鉆進被子,咬傷了他的腿。
corrupt /k??r?pt/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 a. 貪污的,腐敗的;不誠實的,不道德的‖vt. 使腐化墮落;破壞,損壞
助記 cor(=completely,完全地,徹底地)+rupt(=break,斷掉)→徹底斷掉→破壞
示例 ① Assuming that your teacher is neither biased nor corrupt and that her system conforms school rules, you can't fault her ethics. 假如你的老師既不持偏見也未貪污受賄,而且她的評分方法符合學校的規章制度,那么你就不能指責她的職業道德。(2010. 6) ② This senior official was corrupted by power and money. 權力和金錢使這位政府高官腐敗墮落了。
派生 corruptible(a. 易墮落的;易腐敗的)‖corruption(n. 貪污,腐敗;墮落)
substance /?s?bst?ns/ 聽讀寫譯
熟義 n. 物質,東西;根據;要點 生義 n. 重要性
搭配 a man/woman of substance 有錢有勢的男人/女人
示例 ① But the infinitely adaptable substance has its dark side. 但這種適應性無限的物質也有不好的一面。(2011. 12) ② There is no substance in any of those allegations. 這些指控都毫無根據。
criminal /?kr?m?nl/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 a. 犯罪的;刑事的;不道德的‖n. 罪犯
助記 由crime(n. 犯罪)派生而來
搭配 hardened criminals 慣犯
示例 ① I'm interested in the criminal justice system of our country. 我對我們國家的刑事司法系統很感興趣。(2008. 6) ② The National People's Congress adopted a motion of new criminal law. 全國人民代表大會通過了新刑法的提案。
派生 criminality (n. 犯罪;有罪;犯罪行為)‖criminalise (vt. 使不合法,使非法)
testify /?test?fa?/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 v. 作證;證實,證明
助記 test(=witness,證據)+ify(=make,使)→使成為證據→作證
搭配 testify to... 表明…
示例 ① Armstrong's former teammates testify against him, making a compelling case that he doped. 阿姆斯特朗的前隊友出庭指控他,這讓人相信他曾服用興奮劑。(Time) ② She testifies against her brother as a witness. 她作為證人出庭作證指控她的哥哥。
tend /tend/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 v. 往往會;傾向;照料;招待
搭配 tend to/towards sth. 趨向,傾向‖tend (to) sb./sth. 照管,護理
示例 ① Most of us tend to look at today's price tag more than tomorrow's potential savings. 我們中的大部分人都傾向于更多地關注眼前可能產生的花銷而不是未來(這些花銷)可能節約的費用。(2007. 12) ② Mothers always tend their babies. 媽媽們總是在悉心照顧她們的孩子。
派生 tendency (n. 傾向;趨勢)
sub /s?b/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 n. 潛水艇(=submarine);替補隊員(=substitute);會員費(=subscription);助理編輯(=subeditor)
示例 ① Some futurists envision nanotechnology also being used to explore the deep sea in small submarines, or even to launch finger-sized rockets packed with microminiature instruments. 一些未來學家設想納米技術還被應用于小型潛水艇的深海探測,甚至被應用于發射塞滿微型設備的手指大小的火箭。(2011. 12) ② He is a sub of this football team. 他是這支足球隊的替補隊員。
tuition /tju???n/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 n. 教學,指導;學費
搭配 tuition in... 講授…
示例 ① Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. 從1982年開始,學費上漲的速度大約是通貨膨脹率的兩倍。(2011. 6) ② The kids received private tuition in English. 孩子們由私人教師教授英語。
stability /st??b?l?ti/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 n. 穩定(性);穩固(性)
助記 st(=stand,站立)+ability(能力)→擁有站立的能力→穩定性
示例 ① People regard job stability as part of their standard of living. 人們將工作穩定性作為衡量他們生活標準的一部分。(2007. 6) ② Social stability is very important for a country. 對于一個國家來說,社會穩定非常重要。
反義 instability
conquest /?k??kwest/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 n. 征服,占領;占領的地區;控制
助記 con(=together,共同)+quest(=seek,追求,探索)→共同追求,探索→征服
示例 ① With current funding, a U.S. return to the moon—not to mention the conquest of Mars—is pie in the sky. 以目前的資金來看,美國重回月球都已是空想,更不用說征服火星了。(New Scientist)② During the Anti-Japanese War, the Northeast of China was one of Japanese conquests. 抗戰時期,中國東北地區曾是日本的一個占領區。
tremendous /tr??mend?s/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 a. 巨大的;精彩的,了不起的
助記 trem(=fear,害怕;敬畏)+end+ous(形容詞后綴,充滿或缺乏)→巨大的東西都會讓人充滿敬畏→巨大的
示例 ① Obviously, there's a tremendous difference between getting rid of possessions and losing them through a natural disaster without having a say in the matter. 顯然,主動扔掉一些物品和在一場毫無預兆的自然災害中失去它們有著巨大的區別。(2006. 12) ② He gives me a tremendous surprise on our wedding anniversary day. 在我們結婚周年紀念日那天,他給了我一個巨大的驚喜。
派生 tremendously (ad. 巨大地;極其地)
同義 enormous, huge, vast
辨析 tremendous, enormous, huge和vast都有“極大的”的含義。tremendous指大得驚人;enormous既可以表示個頭和數量方面的大,也可以表示范圍和程度方面的大,通常含有“反?!钡囊馕叮籬uge強調體積方面的巨大;vast多指幅員遼闊。
temporary /?tempr?ri/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 a. 暫時的,臨時的
助記 tempo(節奏)+rary(聯想成rare稀少的)→節奏很短暫→暫時的
示例 ① The company will also be able to avoid the expense of having to relocate staff to temporary offices for several weeks when it begins disruptive office renovations soon. 公司還能夠避免由于即將進行辦公室徹底翻新,有數周的時間必須重新安排員工在臨時辦公室辦公所產生的費用。(2009. 12) ② The medicine provided temporary relief from the pain. 這種藥暫時緩解了疼痛。
派生 temporarily (ad. 暫時地,短暫地)
同義 momentary, transient
反義 permanent
analyse /??n?la?z/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 vt. 分析
助記 ana(=intensive,集中的)+lys(=to loosen,解開)+e→把集中的東西分解開來→分析
示例 ① A recent study analysed the providers who treat Medicare beneficiaries. 最近一項研究分析了給老年醫療保險受益人提供治療的供應商。(2009. 12) ② He tried to analyse what went wrong. 他試圖分析是哪里出了差錯。
派生 analysis (n. 分析;分析結果)‖analyser (n. 分析器;分析者)
eliminate /??l?m?ne?t/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 vt. 排除;淘汰;消滅
助記 e(=out,去除)+limin(=threshold,門檻,障礙)+ate(動詞后綴)→去除障礙→消滅
示例 ① The most advanced insulation follows the law of increasing returns: if you add enough, you can scale down or even eliminate heating and air-conditioning equipment, lowering costs even before you start saving on utility bills. 最先進的絕緣設計遵循了收益遞增法則:如果你采取足夠的保溫措施,你就可以按比例減少甚至淘汰掉采暖和空調設備,甚至在你開始打算要節省水電費之前就可以降低成本。(2007. 12) ② He was eliminated from the first round of the competition. 他在比賽第一輪中就被淘汰了。
派生 elimination (n. 消除)
同義 eradicate
overlap 聽讀寫譯
釋義 /???v??l?p/ v. 部分重疊;交疊‖/???v?l?p/ n. 重疊;重復
示例 ① Marine mammals and trawlers rarely overlap in the fish they hunt. 海洋哺乳動物和拖網漁船所捕捉的魚類很少交叉。(New Scientist)② These pieces of wood are overlapped. 這些木板交疊在一起。
vivid /?v?v?d/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 a. 清晰的,生動的;鮮艷的,耀眼的
示例 ① Metaphors like the "selfish gene" paint a vivid picture of how evolution works, but the reality is more subtle.“自私基因”等暗喻生動地展現了進化過程,但現實更加微妙。(New Scientist) ② I still have vivid memories about my childhood. 我對我的童年仍然有清晰的記憶。
派生 vividly (ad. 清晰地)‖vividness (n. 清晰)
語料 It is a curious fact that in bad days we can very vividly recall the good time that is now no more; but that in good days we have only a very cold and imperfect memory of the bad. 奇怪得很,人們在倒楣的時候,總會清晰地回憶已經逝去的快樂時光,但是在得意的時候,對艱苦的日子只保有一種淡漠且不完全的記憶。(德國哲學家阿瑟?叔本華)
adolescent /??d??lesnt/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 n. 青少年‖a. 青春期的
示例 ① Social change also brings not simply different positions for women and girls, but different relations to life stages, and adolescent girls are participating in new subcultural forms. 社會變化帶給婦女和女孩的不僅是不同的社會地位,還包括生命階段的不同關系,少女參與到嶄新的亞文化形式中去。(2007. 6) ② Adolescent experiences are indelibly imprinted on my memory. 青春期的經歷讓我終生難忘。
delivery /d??l?v?ri/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 n. 傳送,交付;分娩;演講方式;投球
搭配 take delivery of... 提貨
示例 ① Companies engaged in shipping, trucking, rail freight, delivery, and logistics have all been reporting better than expected results. 據報道,從事水運、公路運輸、鐵路運輸、配送和物流業務的公司都取得了好于預期的業績。(2011. 12) ② On Sunday, we will take delivery of our new car. 星期天我們就能提到我們的新車了。
conceive /k?n?si?v/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 v. 構想,設想;懷孕
搭配 conceive of/as sth. 想出主意;構想
示例 ① Grand-children of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally—so your fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived. 如果第一代老鼠用高脂肪食物喂養,那么即使第二代老鼠采用正常食物喂養,第三代老鼠長大后仍然會變胖——所以你的命運也許在你還是胚胎以前就已成定局了。(2008. 12) ② I cannot conceive the idea to solve this problem. 我想不出解決這個問題的辦法。
petty /?peti/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 a. 瑣碎的,次要的;小氣的,狹隘的
搭配 petty squabbles 小口角
示例 ① The judge began dispensing justice to citizens charged with petty crimes and traffic offences. 法官開始判決被指控犯小罪以及交通肇事罪的公民。(The Times)② This old man is very petty. 這個老頭特別小氣。
派生 pettiness (n. 小氣,狹隘)
同義 trivial, mean
preside /pr??za?d/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 v. 主持(會議);擔任(會議)主席
助記 pre(=before,前面)+side(聯想成sit,坐)→坐在前面→主持
搭配 preside at/over sth. 主持…
示例 ① The president and first lady will preside over the National Book Festival in September. 總統及第一夫人將會主持九月舉辦的國家圖書節。(Time) ② William presided at the committee meeting. 威廉主持了委員會會議。
mature /m??t??(r); m??t??(r)/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 a. 成年的;成熟的‖v. 成熟;長成
搭配 mature into sth. 技能或素質成熟;充分發展
示例 ① Angry and fearful expressions tap into the machinery we use to work out how mature a person is. 我們使用某種機制來判斷一個人的成熟程度,憤怒和恐懼的表情被應用于這一機制中。(New Scientist) ② She has matured a great deal over the past years. 經過這些年,她成熟了很多。
派生 maturity (n. 成熟)‖maturely (ad. 成熟地)
indicative /?n?d?k?t?v/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 a. 表明的;暗示的;陳述的‖n. 陳述語氣的動詞形式
搭配 indicative of sth. 表明
示例 ① Certain changes in a person's social interactions—a sudden drop-off, for instance—can be indicative of health problems such as depression, says Dr. Choudhury. 喬杜里博士說,一個人在社交活動中的某些改變,比如突然退出,都可能是抑郁等健康問題的標志。(The Economist)② The kids' behaviour is indicative of their interest. 孩子們的行為暗示了他們的興趣。
chase /t?e?s/ 聽讀寫譯
熟義 v. 追趕;努力獲得‖n. 追捕,追趕;努力獲得
生義 v. 催促;匆忙地走;雕刻
搭配 chase after 追趕,追捕
示例 ① The evidence shows that a large number of universities have fallen off the back of the pack, a few perform strongly and the rest chase the leaders. 證據顯示,很多高校排在了后面,少數表現得很好,其他一些則在追趕領先者。(2011. 12) ② The kids like chasing dogs and cats. 孩子們喜歡追逐著貓狗玩耍。
notorious /n???t??ri?s/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 a. 聲名狼藉的,臭名昭著的
搭配 notorious for sth./for doing sth. 因…聲名狼藉‖notorious as sth. 作為…而聲名狼藉
示例 ① Providers offering broadband for rock-bottom prices are notorious for poor service, with regular breakdowns and heavily congested networks. 那些提供低價位寬帶服務的供應商以其糟糕的服務而臭名昭著,其網絡經常斷線而且擁堵情況嚴重。(2009. 12) ② This criminal is notorious. 這是個臭名昭著的罪犯。
派生 notoriously (ad. 眾所周知地)
greedy /?ɡri?di/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 a. 貪婪的;貪吃的
搭配 greedy for sth. 貪婪的;貪心的
示例 ① Sally Bercow, the wife of the Commons Speaker, has rejected an invitation to the funeral of Baroness Thatcher, a leader whom she believes ushered in a "very greedy and selfish society". 薩莉?博考,下議院院長的妻子,拒絕出席撒切爾的葬禮,她認為撒切爾引導了一個“非常貪婪和自私的社會”。(The Times) ② This notorious official is greedy for profit. 這個官員因利欲熏心而臭名昭著。
派生 greedily (ad. 貪心地)
welfare /?welfe?(r)/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 n. 幸福;福利
搭配 child welfare 兒童福利
示例 ① The state recognises this in the large body of family laws that govern children's welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes. 國家是認可這一點的,這從它通過了一系列保障兒童福利的家庭法上就可以看得出來,但是當社會把這種改變孩子命運的義務強加給父母時,父母們能夠獲得的幫助卻少得可憐。(2010. 6)② The government should be concerned about children's welfare. 政府應該關注孩子們的福利。
同義 well-being
secure /s??kj??(r)/ 聽讀寫譯
熟義 a. 安全的,有把握的;穩固的‖v. 獲得;扣緊;保衛 生義 v. 抵押
助記 se(=without,沒有)+cure(聯想成care,關心,擔心)→不擔心,不擔憂→安全的,有把握的
搭配 a secure job/income 穩定的工作/收入
示例 ① Our airlines still aren't secure, and this is what happens when you're not secure. 我們的航班仍不安全,而且這正是在你覺得不安全的時候發生的事情。(2008. 6) ② She felt secure about her future because she took a job as a teacher. 她不再為將來發愁了,因為她找到了一個當老師的工作。
同義 safe
反義 insecure
語料 Ideal is the beacon. Without ideal, there is no secure direction; without direction, there is no life. 理想是指路明燈。沒有理想,就沒有堅定的方向;沒有方向,就沒有生活。(俄國作家列夫?托爾斯泰)
largely /?lɑ?d?li/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 ad. 在很大程度上;主要地
示例 ① But if you look at who walks across the stage for a diploma, it's still largely the white, upper-income population. 但是如果你看一看誰最終能夠獲得學位,那仍然主要是收入較高的白人群體。(2011. 6) ② He becomes a scientist of great attainments largely because of his unremitting efforts. 他能成為一名很有成就的科學家主要是由于他堅持不懈的努力。
同義 mostly, mainly
indicate /??nd?ke?t/ 聽讀寫譯
熟義 v. 表明;暗示;提及;指向 生義 v. 打行車轉向信號
助記 in(在里面)+dic(=say,說)+ate→在里面說→暗示
示例 ① Experts on leadership will quickly point out that "how things get done" influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. 研究領導才能的專家會立即指出:“如何做事”會影響事情的成敗,也表明了做事情的正確方法與錯誤方法。(2011. 12) ② She indicates the right route to us. 她給我們指出了正確的路線。
派生 indication (n. 表明;象征)‖indicative (a. 指示的)
ensure /?n????(r); ?n????(r)/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 vt. 確保;擔保;保證
助記 en(=make,使)+sure(確定)→確保;保證
示例 ① But as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader questions about assimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, don't forever remain marginalized within these shores. 但是隨著關于移民的爭論使總統大選白熱化,我們也應該提出關于融合、關于如何確保曾經的外來人口無需永遠在國內邊緣化等更廣泛的問題。(2008. 12)② The security personnel ensured his personal safety. 保安人員確保了他的人身安全。
同義 assure, insure
辨析 ensure, assure和insure都有“保證,確保”的含義。ensure指確保某種行為一定會發生,常用于ensure sth./ensure that...結構;assure表示向某人保證某事一定會發生(有讓某人放心之意),常用于assure sb. of sth./assure sb. that...結構;insure意為“確保”時可以和ensure換用,此外,insure還可以指給人或財產保險,以防意外(純粹經濟含義)。
emphasise /?emf?sa?z/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 vt. 強調;重視;使突出
示例 ① Still others emphasise the role of race, arguing that foreigners add to the nation's fears and insecurities. 還有其他人強調種族的原因,爭辯說外國人會增加國民的恐懼與不安。(2011. 6) ② His speech emphasises the importance of developing agricultural technology. 他的演講強調了發展農業技術的重要性。
同義 stress
invest /?n?vest/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 v. 投資;投入
助記 in(進入)+vest(授予)→投資
搭配 invest in sth. 投資‖invest sb. with (rights) 賦予某人(權力)
示例 ① These companies have invested millions, believing that the space tourism industry is on the verge of taking off. 這些公司已經投入了數百萬美元,相信太空旅游行業即將興起。(2006. 12) ② He invested all his efforts in passing the exam. 他為考試及格而全力以赴。
cluster /?kl?st?(r)/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 n. 簇,團,束;群,組‖v. 聚集
搭配 cluster together 聚集
示例 ① At its core is a cluster of neurons deep in the brain known as the amygdala. 它(該機制)的核心是大腦內部的一束被稱為扁桃核的神經元。(2006. 12) ② People clustered around this strange man. 人們圍在這個奇怪的男人周圍。
insult 聽讀寫譯
釋義 /?n?s?lt/ vt. 侮辱,冒犯‖/??ns?lt/ n. 辱罵,侮辱
搭配 insult to sb./sth. 冒犯,辱罵
示例 ① If they are right, an insult like "bird-brained" will, in the future, be finely calibrated. 如果真能如他們所說,那么將來就可以精確計算出“愚蠢”這類辱罵的程度了。(The Economist)② This star felt insulted by the reporter's comments. 那個記者的評論讓這個明星感覺受到了侮辱。
派生 insulting (a. 無禮的,有冒犯性的)
scope /sk??p/ 聽讀寫譯
熟義 n. 范圍 生義 n.(做或實現某事的)機會,能力
搭配 within/beyond the scope of 在…范圍內/超出…范圍
示例 ① While most U.S. papers focus on a single city, The New York Times is among the few that can claim national scope—as well as 16 bureaus in the New York area, it has 11 offices around the U.S. and maintains 26 bureaus elsewhere in the world. 當大多數美國報紙都面向單個城市發行時,《紐約時報》是少數幾個可以自稱覆蓋全國的報紙,除了在紐約地區有16個辦事處外,在全美有11個事務所,在世界其他地方保持26個辦事處。 (2010. 12) ② There is scope for us to be successful. 我們還有成功的機會。
同義 range
register /?red??st?(r)/ 聽讀寫譯
熟義 v. 登記;把…掛號郵寄‖n. 登記簿
生義 v. 提出主張;意識到;記錄;流露出‖n. 聲區
搭配 to register a birth/marriage/death 出生/結婚/死亡登記
示例 ① We are rushing to meet so many deadlines that we hardly register that what we need most are lifelines. 我們急于趕在眾多的最后期限前完成任務,以至于我們很難意識到我們最需要的是生命線。(2012. 12)② They are registered as a couple. 他們注冊結婚了。
派生 registered (a. 注冊的,登記過的)
rust /r?st/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 n. 銹斑‖v. (使)生銹
示例 ① My dealer claims it is normal for the rear wheel hubs on my wife's new Fiat 500 to have rusted. 汽車經銷商稱,我妻子的新車菲亞特500后輪輪軸生銹是很正常的。(The Times)② The iron pot rusted. 這個鐵鍋生銹了。
派生 rusted (a. 生銹的)
語料 Sloth, like rust, consumes faster than labor wears. 懶惰像銹一樣,比操勞更能消耗身體。(本杰明?富蘭克林)
similarly /?s?m?l?li/ 聽讀寫譯
釋義 ad. 類似地;差不多地;同樣;也
示例 ① Similarly, the U.S. Nurses' Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than women who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than those who slept 7. 同樣,美國護士健康研究連續16年跟蹤了68,000名婦女,發現在研究期間每晚平均睡眠時間為5小時的人的體重增加要超過每晚睡6個小時的婦女,而后者的體重增加要超過每晚睡7小時的婦女。(2008. 12)② Tom won the painting contest. Similarly, Henry won the singing competition. 湯姆在繪畫比賽中贏得了冠軍,同樣地,亨利在唱歌比賽中獲得了勝利。