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第二周
Monday

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alternative /??l?t??n?t?v/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 可供選擇的事物‖a. 可供替代的;非傳統的

助記 alter(=other,另外)+native(與生俱來的)→另外一個也是與生俱來的→可供選擇的事物

示例 ① BT claims that, by July, 99.8% of its exchanges will be broadband enabled, with alternative plans in place for even the most remote exchanges. 英國電信公司稱,到7月份,其名下99.8%的交換臺都將可以連接寬帶,即使是最偏遠的地區也會配備可供選擇的方案。(2009. 12) ② The government does not want to resort to force unless all other alternatives have failed. 除非所有其他方法都失敗了,否則政府不希望訴諸武力。

派生 alternatively (ad. 非此即彼,二者擇一地)

同義 choice, option

語料 The more alternatives, the more difficult the choice. 選擇越多,愈難抉擇。(阿貝?德拉維爾)

device /d??va?s/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 裝置,儀器  生義 n. 炸彈;手段;計謀

搭配 leave sb. to his own devices 聽任某人自行其是

示例 ① What's more, grades are not only an educational device but are also part of a screening system to help assign kids to their next class or program. 另外,評分不僅是一種教育手段,同時也是篩選體系的一部分,有助于之后給孩子們分配班級和課程。(2010. 6)② I can't leave them to their own devices. 我不能不管他們。

同義 implement, instrument

profess /pr??fes/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 v. 聲稱;公開表明  生義 v. 信仰,信奉(某一宗教)

助記 pro(=forth,向前)+fess(=say,說)→面向公眾說→公開表明

示例 ① Among liberal values, the freedom to profess any religion or none has a central place. 在自由主義價值觀中,自由選擇信教或不信教的權利有著極重要的地位。(The Economist) ② These were the reasons they professed for engaging in illegal drug smuggling. 這些就是他們自稱的參與非法走私毒品的理由。

派生 professed(a. 公開表明的;自稱的)

同義 claim, allege

layer /?le??(r);?le?(r)/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 表層;層次,階層‖v. 把…分層堆放

搭配 ozone layer 臭氧層

示例 ① The phenomenon is driven by the springtime thawing of a surface layer of frozen carbon dioxide, also known as dry ice. 這種現象是由于表層冷凍的二氧化碳,即干冰,在春季融化而導致的。(The Economist)② They drilled through several layers of rock to reach the specific mineral. 他們鉆透了幾層巖石去尋找那種特定的礦物。

同義 level

語料 Life is like an onion: You peel it off one layer at a time, and sometimes you weep. 生活就像洋蔥頭:你只能一層一層地把它剝開,有時你還會流淚。(美國詩人卡爾?桑德堡)

curl /k??l/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 v. (使)卷曲;蜷縮;(使)呈螺旋狀移動‖n. (一縷)卷發;螺旋狀物

生義 v. 撅起嘴唇,撇嘴

搭配 curl sth. up 使某物成卷曲狀‖curl sb. up 使某人感到十分尷尬

示例 ① Where today parents save first curls as a souvenir of babyhood, in the 19th century it became fashionable to work the hair of a dead beloved into a locket, bracelet or even a ring. 如今父母們把孩子出生時的卷發留作他們兒時的紀念;而19世紀則流行把去世的摯愛親友的頭發裝進吊墜、手鐲甚至是戒指里。(The Economist) ② Those old photos crinkled and curled and turned to ashes in the fire. 那些老照片在火中起皺,卷曲,然后被燒成了灰燼。

派生 curly(a. 有卷發的)‖curler(n. 卷發夾)

同義 crook, curve

brilliant /?br?li?nt/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 巧妙的;很成功的;明亮的;聰穎的;杰出的

搭配 brilliant sunshine 明媚的陽光‖brilliant performance 出色的表演

示例 ① Autism includes brilliant engineers, music prodigies who can't unload a dishwasher, maths savants who can't speak, and other combinations of talent and disability. 自閉癥人群包括才華橫溢的工程師,不會拆卸洗碗機的音樂天才,不會說話的數學專家以及其他既有才華又有缺陷的人。(New Scientist) ② Brilliant lights blazed everywhere on Christmas night, which looked magnificent. 圣誕節的夜晚到處燈火輝煌,格外壯觀。

派生 brilliantly (ad. 燦爛地;輝煌地)

同義 excellent, splendid

語料 The dullard's envy of brilliant men is always assuaged by the suspicion that they will come to a bad end. 笨人對聰明人的嫉妒常因“他們不會善終”的猜測而得以減弱。(英國作家畢爾博姆爵士)

ambitious /?m?b???s/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 a. 有野心的,有雄心的  生義 a. 費力的

助記 由ambition(n. 野心,雄心)派生而來

示例 ① It's no small challenge for a blog run by a group of ordinary—if ambitious—young people, but the members of Generation O are up to the task. 對于一個由一群即使雄心勃勃但很普通的年輕人經營的博客來說,這是個不小的挑戰,但是“O一代”(O是Obama的縮寫)能夠勝任這一任務。(2010. 6) ② Emily was so ambitious that she determined to do it all by herself. 埃米莉是如此雄心勃勃,她下定決心要獨自完成。

派生 ambitiously (ad. 雄心勃勃地;勁頭十足地;熱切地)

同義 emulous

timber /?t?mb?(r)/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 樹木;木材

搭配 timber structure 木結構

示例 ① Any local benefits will be short-lived; poverty will return once all the timber has gone. 任何地方利益都將是短暫的,一旦所有的木材耗盡,貧困將再度出現。(New Scientist) ② Her father is a timber merchant. 她父親是個木材商。

派生 timbered (a. 樹木茂盛的;木制的)

同義 wood

enthusiasm /?n?θju?zi?z?m/ 聽寫譯

釋義 n. 熱心,熱忱,熱情;熱衷的事物

搭配 enthusiasm about/for... 對…的熱情

示例 ① After World War II, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. 第二次世界大戰后,學術界把全新的熱情投向人文研究,許多學者認為這是保證民主制度延續的最好途徑。(2010. 12) ② They commended her for her enthusiasm. 他們稱贊她的熱情。

同義 passion, warmth

反義 indifference

threaten /?θretn/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 威脅,恐嚇;預示‖vi. 威脅;可能來臨

助記 由threat(v. 威脅,恐嚇)派生而來

搭配 threaten sb. with sth. 以某事威脅某人

示例 ① Some argue that people are anxious and feel threatened by an inflow of new workers. 一些人爭論說人們因新勞動者的流入而感到不安和受到威脅。(2011. 6)② Do you mean to threaten me? 你是想威脅我嗎?

派生 threatening(a. 威脅的;陰沉沉的)

同義 intimidate

obedient /??bi?di?nt/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 順從的,忠順的,唯命是從的

助記 由obey(v. 服從,順從)派生而來

搭配 an obedient child 聽話的孩子

示例 ① What I have in common with her is being quite obedient, even if I admire rebels. 雖然我崇拜叛逆者,但我和她一樣,十分乖順。(The Guardian) ② She was always obedient to her mother's wishes. 她一向順從母親的意愿。

派生 obedience(n. 順從;服從)‖obediently(ad. 順從地)

反義 traitorous

court /k??t/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 法院;全體出庭人員;(網球等的)球場;王宮

生義 v. 求愛,求婚;招致,釀成(不愉快的事)

搭配 settle... out of court 庭外和解‖hold court with sb. (講趣聞或笑話)逗樂某人

示例 ① It is by no means certain that the settlement will be enacted—it is the subject of a fairness hearing in the US courts. 這一協議不一定會執行,因為它關乎美國法院聽證會公平公正的主題。(2011. 12) ② The Supreme Court gave a fair trial to the case. 最高法院對這一案件做出了公正的審判。

casual /?k??u?l/ 聽寫譯

熟義 a. 漫不經心的;馬虎的;非正式的  生義 n. 便裝;臨時工

搭配 a casual friendship 一般的友誼‖a casual meeting 不期而遇

示例 ① As someone paid to serve food to people, I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they'd never say or do to their most casual acquaintances. 在我做服務員的工作時,有些顧客對我說過一些話,做過一些事——我想哪怕是對乏乏之交,他們也不會說出這樣的話,做出這樣的事的。(2007. 12) ② She tried to sound casual, but I knew she was worried from her words. 她講話時試圖顯得不在乎,但我從她的言辭中知道她心里著急。

同義 informal

favourable /?fe?v?r?bl/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 給人好印象的;有利的;贊同的;好而不貴的

助記 由favour(v. 贊成;喜愛)派生而來

搭配 made a favourable impression on sb. 給某人留下好印象

示例 ① UK and Germany are less favourable to this opportunity. 英國和德國對這次機遇不大青睞。(The Guardian)② He made a favourable impression on his girlfriend's parents at the casual meeting. 在那次不期而遇中,他給女友的父母留下了好印象。

同義 beneficial, advantageous

chronic /?kr?n?k/ 聽寫譯

釋義 a. 慢性的;長期患病的;拙劣的

搭配 chronic bronchitis 慢性支氣管炎‖chronic unemployment problem 長期存在的失業問題

示例 ① Patients older than 85, who need chronic care most, will rise by 50% this decade. 最需要長期護理的85歲以上的病人數量在這10年將增加50%。(2009. 12)② Her grandmother went to see a doctor because of chronic asthma. 她的奶奶因為慢性哮喘去看醫生。

派生 chronically(ad. 長期地;慢性地)

反義 acute

ridiculous /r??d?kj?l?s/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 荒謬的,可笑的

示例 ① Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories. 沒有人會讀關于明顯很荒謬的理論的論文。(2010. 12) ② It is ridiculous to dispute about such small things. 爭論這種小事很荒謬。

派生 ridiculousness(n. 滑稽,荒謬)

同義 absurd

語料 There is but one step from the sublime to the ridiculous. 崇高與荒謬僅一步之遙。(拿破侖)

theme /θi?m/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. (文章等的)主題,題目  生義 n. (樂曲的)主旋律

助記 來源于希臘語thema(主題)

搭配 the main theme 主題

示例 ① Instead of rising to Sir Christopher's wide-ranging themes, which link Fuseli and Blake with other great European painters, including Goya and Caspar David Friedrich, the Tate has taken a parochial view, showing virtually every mediocre British artist who ever dabbled in gothic fantasy. 克里斯托弗爵士崇尚的主題廣泛,將富塞利、布萊克同包括戈亞、卡斯帕?戴維?弗雷德里希在內的歐洲其他杰出畫家有機結合在一起, 但泰特美術館卻反其道而行之,幾乎展出了所有和哥特式幻想沾點邊但又不入流的英國藝術家的作品,其眼界之狹窄可見一斑。(The Economist) ② All his articles seemed an expression of the same theme. 他所有的文章好像都反映了同一個主題。

派生 thematic (a. 題目的;主題的)

同義 subject, topic

up-to-date /??pt??de?t/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 最新的,現代的;時髦的

助記 up(向上)+ to(到)+ date(日期)→ 緊跟著日期→最新的

搭配 the up-to-date news 最新消息

示例 ① It offers reliable, up-to-date health information free and without bias. 它免費且不帶偏見地提供可靠的、最新的健康資訊。(The New York Times)② The dress which is on sale is up-to-date. 那件特價出售的裙子很時髦。

同義 recent, fashionable

release /r??li?s/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 釋放;發行‖vt. 釋放;松開;發泄;免除;發布

搭配 release... from... 把…從…中解脫出來‖on release(電影)在公映,發行

示例 ① Phasing old bulbs out by 2030 would save the output of 650 power plants and avoid the release of 700 million tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year. 到2030年逐步淘汰舊燈泡會節省650家電廠生產的電量,避免每年7億噸的碳釋放到大氣中。(2007. 12) ② Don't release this news to the public until we give you the go-ahead. 在我們準許之前不要向公眾公布這一消息。

派生 releasable(a. 能釋放的;可免除的)

同義 emit, discharge

語料 Love alone can release the power of the atom so it will work for man and not against him. 只有愛才能使原子的力量造福人類,而非危害人類。(美國作家彼得森)

rarely /?re?li/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 ad. 罕有,很少,不常

搭配 rarely or never 幾乎從來不;非常難得‖rarely if ever 幾乎從不

示例 ① But rarely, if ever, do they publicly take the argument a step further, asserting that a growing manufacturing sector encourages craftsmanship and that craftsmanship is, if not a birthright, then a vital ingredient of the American self-image as a can-do, inventive, we-can-make-anything people. 但是他們很少(如果說有的話)在公開場合對這些論據作進一步的闡釋,稱制造業的發展會促進手工業的發展,并且表明,哪怕手工藝不是美國人與生俱來的天賦,也是美國人吃苦耐勞、開拓創新、勇往直前的民族形象中不可或缺的因素。(2013. 6)② These flowers are rarely seen in this country. 這些花在該國很少見。

同義 hardly, seldom

反義 often, frequently

語料 Great men are rarely isolated mountain-peaks; they are summits of ranges. 偉人很少是突兀的山峰;他們是群山中的最高峰。(美國作家希金森)

complex /?k?mpleks/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 a. 復合的;復雜的  生義 n. 建筑群

助記 com(=together,一起)+ plex(=fold,折疊)→把事物都折疊在一起→復雜的

示例 ① In Ludwigshafen, German chemicals giant BASF runs an interconnected complex of more than 200 chemical factories, where heat produced by one chemical process is used to power the next. 在德國的路德維希,德國化學公司巨頭巴斯夫擁有一個包含200多家化學工廠的相互聯系的綜合區,在這里,一種化工工藝產生的熱量能為下一個工藝提供能源。(2007. 12) ② This project involves not only a lot of complex technical problems, but also some moral issues. 這次的項目不僅牽涉到許多復雜的技術問題,還包括一些道德上的因素。

派生 complexity (n. 復雜)

同義 complicated, intricate

反義 simple

語料 In a complex world, to consist upon simplicity is foolish. 在復雜的世界里,堅持單純是愚蠢的。(美國作家沃克爾默)

equality /i?kw?l?ti/ 聽寫譯

釋義 n. 平等,相等

助記 由equal(a. 平等的;相等的)派生而來

示例 ① Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before the election. 奧巴馬當選總統后僅一周,參與者就沒有選舉前兩周時那么愿意支持旨在解決種族不平等問題的政策了。(2010. 6)② Do you believe in equality between men and women? 你相信男女平等嗎?

反義 inequality, disparity

incredible /?n?kred?bl/ 聽寫譯

釋義 a. 難以置信的;極好的

助記 in(=not)+cred(=believe,信任)+ible(能…的)→不能相信的→難以置信的

示例 ① "When used properly, worry is an incredible device," says Hallowell. 哈洛韋爾說:“如果使用適當,擔憂是一種令人難以置信的方法。”(2006. 12)② When you take responsibility for your life and your result, you give yourself the opportunity to maximize your incredible potential. 當你對你的生活和你的結果負責時,你就會給你自己一個機會,以使你驚人的潛力達到最大化。

派生 incredibly(ad. 難以置信地)

同義 unbelievable

反義 believable

behalf /b??hɑ?f/ 讀寫譯

釋義 n. 代表;支持,維護

搭配 on behalf of 代表某人

示例 ① Raise issues on behalf of women. 代表婦女提出問題。(2011. 6)② On behalf of my Government I have the honour to make you a toast. 我很榮幸代表我國政府向大家祝酒。

同義 representation

prestige /pre?sti??/ 聽寫譯

釋義 n. 威望,威信‖a. 有威信的,有威望的

助記 pre(前面)+ stige(聯想到stage,舞臺)→ 站在舞臺前面→威望,威信

示例 ① We haven't found any convincing evidence that selectivity or prestige matters. 我們還沒有找到令人信服的證據來證明“尖子”或“名牌”很重要。(2008. 6)② She is an author of international prestige. 她是一位有國際聲望的作家。

派生 prestigious (a. 有名望的)

同義 reputation, renown

語料 Fame turns all the light on, while it gives power and prestige, it takes you out of you; you must be what the public thinks you are. Not what you really are or could be. 聲譽把一切燈光打亮,一邊給你權利和威望,另一邊也把你趕出你的自身之外,你必須成為大眾意想中的你,而不是那個真實的你或可能的你。(美國作家法斯特)

extend /?k?stend/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 v. 使(在時間或空間上)延伸,延長;伸展,舒展(肢體)

生義 v. 使竭盡全力;提供或給予某事物

助記 ex(強調意義)+tend(=stretch,伸展)→延伸;伸展

搭配 extend from... to... 從…延伸至…

示例 ① The EU's 1994 law on labeling was such a success that it extended the same idea to entire buildings last year. 歐盟1994年的標簽法取得了如此巨大的成功,以至于在去年他們將同樣的理念運用到所有建筑物上面。(2007. 12)② The road extends for miles and miles. 這條路向遠處綿延伸展。

派生 extension (n. 延伸)

同義 prolong

反義 contract, shrink

elderly /?eld?li/ 讀寫譯

釋義 a. 較老的,上了年紀的‖n. 老人

搭配 the elderly 老年人

示例Elderly people with a low intake of vitamin B12 and folate may be twice as likely to develop Alzheimer's disease. 維生素B12及葉酸攝入不足的老年人患老年癡呆癥的可能性是攝入足量之人的兩倍。(New Scientist)② Winter poses particular difficulties for the elderly. 冬天給上年紀的人帶來特殊的困難。

同義 aged, senior

語料 With close friends in their lives, people develop courage and positive attitudes. Teenagers have the moral support to assert their individuality; the elderly approach their advanced years with optimism and an interest in life. 生活中有摯友,人們就能鼓起勇氣,變得積極。年經人就有精神支柱來表現自己的個性;上了年紀的人則會懷著樂觀主義和生活情趣步入晚年。(美國作家愛默生)

sceptical /?skept?kl/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a.(對某事)不肯相信的,懷疑的

助記 由sceptic(n. 懷疑論者)派生而來

搭配 be sceptical of/about sth. 對某事表示懷疑

示例 ① While company managers have known about the benefits for a long time, many have done little about it, sceptical of whether they could trust their employees to work to full capacity without supervision. 盡管公司經理很早就知道在家辦公的這些好處了,但許多經理卻很少采取行動。他們懷疑在沒有監督的情況下員工是否仍會全力以赴地工作。(2009. 12) ② Mary is sceptical about the solution. 瑪麗對這個解決辦法表示懷疑。

派生 sceptically (ad. 懷疑地)

同義 doubting

commodity /k??m?d?ti/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 商品(尤指日用品),貨物

助記 com(=together,共同)+mod(=fit,適合)+ity→具有普適性的東西→商品

示例 ① History suggests the sharp drop in commodities prices may not last too long. 歷史表明商品價格的驟降也許不會持續太長時間。(Time) ② May is the season for this commodity on local market. 五月份是這種商品在本地市場熱銷的季節。

同義 product, goods

spectacle /?spekt?kl/ 聽讀寫譯

熟義 n.(大規模)場面;奇觀;景象  生義 n. [pl.] 眼鏡

搭配 make a spectacle of oneself 出丑,出洋相

示例 ① All stared at the unusual spectacle of hundreds of runners along their main road. 數百名賽跑運動員沿著大路奔跑,所有人都盯著這一奇特的場面。(The Guardian) ② The celebrations provided a magnificent spectacle. 慶祝活動呈現出盛大的場面。

派生 spectacled(a. 戴了眼鏡的)

同義 scene

recognise /?rek?ɡna?z/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 v. 認出,識別;承認

助記 re(=again,再一次)+co(=together,共同)+gn(=know,知道)+ise(=make,使…)→再一次放在一處讓大家都知道→認出,識別

搭配 recognise sth. as sth. 承認,認可…為…

示例 ① Like the way of Zen, which includes understanding of oneself as one really is, Miller encourages job seekers and those dissatisfied work or life to examine their beliefs about work and recognise that "in many cases your beliefs are what brought you to where you are today." 與感悟真實自我的禪宗方式相似,米勒鼓勵求職者和對工作或生活不滿的人審視他們對工作的信念,并認識到“在很多情況下,是你的信念決定了你今天的境遇”。(2007. 6)② We must recognise how little we know about the disaster. 我們必須承認,對于這種災難我們知之甚少。

派生 recognition (n. 識別;承認)

同義 identify, acknowledge

語料 The highest possible stage in moral culture is when we recognise that we ought to control our thoughts. 道德修養能達到的最高階段,是認識到我們應該控制我們的思想。(達爾文)

ornament 聽讀寫譯

釋義 /???n?m?nt/ n. 裝飾品,點綴物;裝飾,點綴‖/???n?ment/v. 用某物裝飾,裝飾某物

助記 orn(=decorate,裝飾)+a+ment(抽象名詞后綴)→裝飾

搭配 for ornament 用作裝飾‖be ornamented with sth. 用某物裝飾

示例 ① Disney had hoped to secure the naming rights for merchandise such as snack foods and Christmas ornaments. 迪士尼公司希望獲得對休閑食品和圣誕節裝飾物等商品的命名權。(The Washington Post) ② The girl ornamented her room with flowers. 那個女孩用鮮花裝飾她的房間。

派生 ornamental(a. 裝飾性的;點綴的)

同義 accessory, decoration

辨析 ornament, accessory和decoration都含有“裝飾品”之意。ornament指一般性裝飾品,并非為特殊場合而使用;accessory常用作復數,多指女性的配飾,如:手提包、手套、帽子、項鏈、耳環等;decoration指在特殊場合裝飾某物時使用的艷麗好看的裝飾品,如:圣誕節裝飾房屋用的裝飾物。

語料 Studies serve for delight, for ornament and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. 讀書足以怡情,足以博彩,足以長才。其怡情也,最見于獨處幽居之時;其博彩也,最見于高談闊論之中;其長才也,最見于處世判事之際。(培根)

inevitable /?n?ev?t?bl/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 必然發生的,難以避免的

助記 由evitable(a. 可以避免的)派生而來

搭配 the inevitable 不可避免的事情

示例 ① They put up with the inevitable sharp increase of different taxes. 他們忍受了不可避免的各種稅賦的劇烈增長。(2012. 6) ② It is inevitable that teachers will make occasional mistakes. 老師偶爾犯錯是不可避免的。

派生 inevitably(ad. 必然地,不可避免地)

同義 unavoidable

反義 avoidable

stem /stem/ 聽寫譯

熟義 n. 莖,梗,柄;詞干‖v. (from)起源于,由…造成;阻止,遏止

生義 n. (高腳酒杯的)腳;煙斗柄

搭配 stem from sth. 起源于…‖from stem to stern 從船頭到船尾

示例 ① Because so much previous suffering and social conflict stemmed from poverty, the arrival of widespread affluence suggested utopian possibilities. 因為前面提到的痛苦和社會沖突都來源于貧窮,大范圍富裕的來臨暗示了烏托邦式的可能。(2007. 6)② The plant's stem curled round the trunk of the tree. 那植物的莖纏繞在樹干上。

同義 block, prevent

hierarchy /?ha??rɑ?ki/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 等級制度;層級;統治集團

助記 hier(=holy,神圣的)+arch(=govern,統治)+y→神圣的統治→等級制度

搭配 social hierarchy 社會階層‖feudal hierarchy 封建等級制度

示例 ① But the grand jury in Philadelphia found that the hierarchy there continued to protect accused priests despite repeated scandals and vows for reform. 但是費城的大陪審團發現當地的統治集團仍在保護那些被控告的牧師,盡管不斷有丑聞傳出并且他們一再發誓要改革。(The New York Times)② She worked her way up through the corporate hierarchy to become president. 她在公司一步步走到了總裁的位置。

派生 hierarchical (a. 按等級劃分的,等級制度的)

vision /?v??n/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 視力;幻想;想象力

助記 vis(=look/see,看/看見)+ion(名詞后綴)→視力所及皆可見→視力

搭配 field of vision 視野

示例 ① To achieve a desired vision for your business, it is vital that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. 為了實現企業的良好愿景,企業領導者應該對自己前進的方向和看重的方面有一個自我認識,這一點至關重要。(2011. 12)② An enterpriser should have the wide vision. 一個企業家應具有開闊的視野。

派生 visible (a. 明顯的;看得見的)‖visionary (a. 夢想的;幻影的)

同義 sight; imagination

priority /pra???r?ti/ 聽寫譯

釋義 n. 優先;優先權;優先考慮的事情

助記 由prior(a. 優先的)派生而來

搭配 give priority to 優先考慮‖top/highest/immediate priority 當務之急

示例 ① Our immediate priority is the safety of the people and communities in the affected areas. 我們的當務之急是確保受災地區的人民和社區的安全。(Scientific American)② Helping you out is not and never can be their first priority. 為你效勞不是也不可能是他們最優先考慮的事情。

同義 precedence

fraction /?fr?k?n/ 聽寫譯

釋義 n. 碎片,小部分;分數,小數

助記 由fract(v. 打破)派生而來

搭配 a fraction of 極少量,極小部分

示例 ① These days conservation is all about efficiency: getting the same—or better—results from just a fraction of the energy. 如今保護自然資源完全是能效問題:用少量能源就可以取得同樣的,甚至是更好的效果。(2007. 12)② She only spends a fraction of her time at home. 她在家只待很少的時間。

派生 fractional (a. 部分的)

同義 bit, part

反義 completeness, entirety

accordance /??k??dns/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 一致,和諧,符合

助記 accord(按照,依照)+ance(…的動作或狀態)→按照…的動作→一致

搭配 in accordance with 根據,依照;與…一致

示例 ① The Chinese rescue team arrived in Japan yesterday and we have provided relief supplies to Japan. We will continue to provide further necessary aid to Japan in accordance with their needs. 中國救援隊已于昨天到達日本,而且我們已經為日本提供了救災物資。我們將根據他們的需要進一步提供必要的援助。(Scientific American)② Safety checks were made in accordance with the rules. 安全檢查是按規定進行的。

同義 unity, agreement

outlook /?a?tl?k/ 聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 觀點,見解;人生觀,世界觀;展望,前景;景色,景觀

助記 out(外面)+look(看)→朝外面看→世界觀;觀點

搭配 outlook for sth. 前景;可能性

示例 ① Your psychology—namely, your personality and outlook on life—can be just as important to your well-being as exercising and eating right. 你的心理狀態——也就是你的個性和你的人生觀——對你的健康和鍛煉身體及合理飲食對你的健康同樣重要。(Time)② He had a practical outlook on life. 他的人生觀很實際。

同義 view, perspective

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