官术网_书友最值得收藏!

第99章 8

  • TOPICS
  • Aristotle
  • 259字
  • 2016-01-18 18:41:05

A premiss in reasoning always either is one of the constituent elements in the reasoning, or else goes to establish one of these:

(and you can always tell when it is secured in order to establish something else by the fact of a number of similar questions being put: for as a rule people secure their universal by means either of induction or of likeness):-accordingly the particular propositions should all be admitted, if they are true and generally held. On the other hand, against the universal one should try to bring some negative instance; for to bring the argument to a standstill without a negative instance, either real or apparent, shows ill-temper. If, then, a man refuses to grant the universal when supported by many instances, although he has no negative instance to show, he obviously shows ill-temper. If, moreover, he cannot even attempt a counter-proof that it is not true, far more likely is he to be thought ill-tempered-although even counter-proof is not enough: for we often hear arguments that are contrary to common opinions, whose solution is yet difficult, e.g. the argument of Zeno that it is impossible to move or to traverse the stadium;-but still, this is no reason for omitting to assert the opposites of these views. If, then, a man refuses to admit the proposition without having either a negative instance or some counter-argument to bring against it, clearly he is ill-tempered: for ill-temper in argument consists in answering in ways other than the above, so as to wreck the reasoning.

主站蜘蛛池模板: 涞水县| 永胜县| 宁德市| 黑河市| 上思县| 林口县| 云林县| 昌江| 普安县| 望都县| 伊吾县| 鞍山市| 竹溪县| 南郑县| 峨山| 定边县| 祁东县| 高邮市| 永新县| 宜兰市| 兴隆县| 佛冈县| 文化| 米泉市| 山阴县| 仪陇县| 大港区| 镇平县| 安顺市| 广河县| 弥渡县| 水城县| 丹东市| 肇州县| 安西县| 新宾| 永清县| 嘉善县| 日照市| 漯河市| 双峰县|