Governor Rutledge harangues the Troops -- shows Britain's injustice to have been the cause of the American war -- independence declared --great joy on that account.

On the 20th of September, 1776, all the troops in Charleston were ordered to rendezvous without the gates of the city, to hear, as we were told, "Some great news." Soon as we were paraded, governor Rutledge ascended a stage, and in the forcible manner of a Demosthenes, informed, that Congress had dissolved all relation with England, by an open Declaration of Independence.

"You are, no doubt, gentlemen," said he, "surprised, and perhaps shocked at this intelligence. But however painful this measure may be to our feelings, it is absolutely necessary to our safety.

"Under the sacred name of `mother country', England has long been working our ruin. I need not tell you that our fathers were Britons, who for liberty's sake, came and settled in this country, then a howling wilderness. For a long time they ate their bread, not only embittered with sweat, but often stained with blood --their own and the blood of their children, fighting the savages for a dwelling place. At length they prevailed and found a rest.

But still their hearts were towards the place of their nativity;and often with tears, did they think and talk of the white-clifted island where their fathers dwelt. Dying, they bequeathed to us the same tender sentiments, which we cherished with a pious care.

The name of England was a pleasant sound in our ears --the sight of their ships was always wont to fill our hearts with joy.

We hasted to greet the beloved strangers; and hurrying them to our habitations, spread for them our feast, and rejoiced as men do in the society of their dearest friends.

"Oh! had our mother country but treated us with equal affection --as a tender parent, had she but smiled on our valor --encouraged our industry -- and thus exalted the horn of our glory, our union and brotherly love would have been eternal;and the impious name of INDEPENDENCE had never been heard!

But, alas! instead of treating us in this endearing spirit, she cruelly limited our commerce -- compelled us to buy and sell to her alone, and at her own prices -- and not content with the enormous profits of such a shameful traffic, she has come, at length, to claim A RIGHT TO TAX US AT PLEASURE.

"But, my countrymen, will you suffer thus rudely to be wrested from you, that goodly inheritance of LIBERTY, which was bequeathed to you by your gallant fathers? Will you thus tamely suffer to be frustrated all the glorious designs of God towards you and your children?

For look but around on this great land, which he has given you, and yon bright heavens, which he has spread over your favored heads, and say whether he ever intended those mighty scenes to be the prison-house of slaves? -- the trembling slaves of a small island beyond the sea? -- hewers of wood and drawers of water, planters of rice and pickers of cotton, for a foreign tyrant and his minions?

No, my friends, God never intended you for such dishonor --and can you be so wicked as to bring it on yourselves?

I trust you will not. Nay, the voices of your brave countrymen in Congress, have said YOU WILL NOT, and anticipating your heroic sentiments, have already declared you a "FREE AND INDEPENDENT PEOPLE!""And now my gallant friends, are you willing to confirm their glorious deed?

Are you willing this day, in the sight of heaven, to swear allegiance to the sovereignty of your country, and to place her in the highest rank of nations, by proclaiming her INDEPENDENT?"In a moment the air resounded with "Yes! yes! independence! independence for ever! God save the independent states of America!"The oath of allegiance was then tendered to the troops.

The officers with great alacrity took it first, which highly pleased the common soldiers, who readily followed their patriotic example.

Soon as the solemn rite was performed, the governor ordered a `feu de joie'.

Instantly at the welcome word, "handle arms", the eager warriors struck their fire-locks, loud ringing through all their ranks;and presenting their pieces, rent the air with fierce platoons;while the deep-throated cannon like surly bull-dogs, rolled their louder thunders along the field; then madly bounding back on their rattling wheels, they told to fancy's ear, "Freedom's sons are we, and d--n the villains that would make us slaves!"