[1]John von Neumann quotation is from Ananyo Bhattacharya,The Man from the Fu-ture (New York:W.W.Norton,2022),130.
[2]Derek Thompson,“The Real Trouble with Silicon Valley,” Atlantic,Jan. /Feb. 2020, www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2020/01/wheres-my-flying-car/603025/; Josh Hawley,“Big Tech's ‘Innovations’ That Aren't,” Wall Street Jour-nal,Aug.28,2019,www.wsj.com/articles/big-techs-innovations-that-arent-11567033288.
[3]Bruce Gibney,“What Happened to the Future?,” Founders Fund,accessed March 1,2023,foundersfund.com/the-future/;Pascal-Emmanuel Gobry,“Facebook In-vestor Wants Flying Cars,Not 140 Characters,” Business Insider,July 30,2011, www.businessinsider.com/founders-fund-the-future-2011-7.
[4]Kevin Kelly,“New Rules for the New Economy,”Wired,Sept.1,1997,www.wired.com/1997/09/newrules/.
[5]“Robert M.Metcalfe,” IEEE Computer Society,accessed March 1,2023,www.computer.org/profiles/robert-metcalfe.
[6]Antonio Scala and Marco Delmastro,“The Explosive Value of the Networks,” Sci-entific Reports 13,no.1037 (2023),www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9852569/.
[7]David P.Reed,“The Law of the Pack,” Harvard Business Review,Feb.2001, hbr.org/2001/02/the-law-of-the-pack.
[8]“Meta Reports First Quarter 2023 Results,” Meta,April 26,2023,investor.fb. com/investor-news/press-release-details/2023/Meta-Reports-First-Quarter-2023-Results/default.aspx.
[9]“FTC Seeks to Block Microsoft Corp.'s Acquisition of Activision Blizzard,Inc.,”Federal Trade Commission,Dec.8,2022,www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-releases/2022/12/ftc-seeks-block-microsoft-corps-acquisition-activision-blizzard-inc; Federal Trade Commission,“FTC Seeks to Block Virtual Reality Giant Meta's Acquisition of Popular App Creator Within,” July 27,2022,www.ftc.gov/news-e-vents/news/press-releases/2022/07/ftc-seeks-block-virtual-reality-giant-metas-acquisition-popular-app-creator-within.
[10]Augmenting Compatibility and Competition by Enabling Service Switching Act, H.R.3849,117th Cong.(2021).
[11]Joichi Ito,“In an Open-Source Society,Innovating by the Seat of Our Pants,”New York Times,Dec.5,2011,www.nytimes.com/2011/12/06/science/joichi-ito-innovating-by-the-seat-of-our-pants.html.