Conventions

In this book, you will find a number of text styles that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles and an explanation of their meaning.

Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: "The Car object will have attributes such as fuel level, isSedan, speed, and steering wheel and coordinates."

A block of code is set as follows:

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, name, age):  #constructor
        self.name = name    #data members/ attributes
        self.age = age
    def get_person(self,):   # member function
         return "<Person (%s, %s)>" % (self.name, self.age)


p = Person("John", 32)    # p is an object of type Person
print("Type of Object:", type(p), "Memory Address:", id(p))

New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, for example, in menus or dialog boxes, appear in the text like this: "In Python, the concept of encapsulation (data and method hiding) is not implicit, as it doesn't have keywords such as public, private, and protected (in languages such as C++ or Java) that are required to support encapsulation."

Note

Warnings or important notes appear in a box like this.

Tip

Tips and tricks appear like this.