摘要

摘要：消除貧困、改善民生、逐步實現共同富裕，是社會主義的本質要求，也是中國共產黨的重要使命。黨的十八大以來，為確保到2020年所有貧困地區和貧困人口一同邁入小康社會，中國動員全黨全國全社會力量，向告別絕對貧困發起總攻。作為新時代中國脫貧攻堅主戰場之一的秦巴山集中連片特殊困難地區（簡稱秦巴山區）在繼承發展馬克思主義反貧困思想的基礎上，通過實施精準扶貧、精準脫貧基本方略，積極探索脫貧攻堅的有效實現路徑，為穩定脫貧和質量脫貧做出了應有的努力和貢獻。秦巴山區在脫貧攻堅進程中，通過因地制宜地發展特色產業，有效帶動和實現山區貧困群眾的增收致富；通過精準搬遷、精確實施和精細管理，確保搬遷群眾“搬得出、穩得住、有就業、逐步能致富”，解決了“一方水土養不起一方人”的難題；通過堅持扶貧與扶志、扶智相結合，充分調動貧困地區和貧困人口的積極性，有效激發脫貧內生動力，切實阻斷貧困代際傳遞，確保了貧困地區和貧困群眾的脫貧質量；通過認真踐行“綠水青山就是金山銀山”的理念，秦巴山區充分利用當地生態資源并發揮生態優勢，以生態保護和治理促進區域經濟可持續發展，走出了一條具有地方特色的“生態脫貧之路”。與此同時，黨政軍機關、企事業單位開展定點扶貧，是中國特色扶貧開發事業的重要組成部分；陜西省丹鳳縣在中國社會科學院的幫助下，積極探索深度貧困地區脫貧攻堅的有效實現方式，為如期高質量打贏脫貧攻堅戰貢獻了“丹鳳力量”。秦巴山區脫貧實踐和成效是中國擺脫絕對貧困的一個縮影。新時代中國脫貧攻堅經驗反映了時代發展的趨勢，具有先進性；它的特點和機制具有可推廣性。在告別絕對貧困之后，中國將致力于解決相對貧困問題并實施鄉村振興戰略，確保脫貧攻堅成果經得起歷史和人民的檢驗。

關鍵詞：秦巴山區；脫貧攻堅；貧困治理；精準扶貧；精準脫貧

Abstract：Eradicating poverty，improving people's lives and gradually achieving common prosperity are the essential requirements of socialism and the important mission of the Communist Party of China.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，in order to ensure that all poverty areas and the poor will synchronize into an all-round moderately prosperous society in 2020，China mobilized the power of whole party，country and society to launched a general attack to bid farewell to absolute poverty.As one of the major battle site for poverty alleviation in China in the new era，on the basis of inheriting and developing Marxist anti-poverty thought，Qinba Mountain contiguous area with acute difficulties（henceforth referred to as Qinba Mountainous Area）actively explored the effective way to realize poverty alleviation through the implementation of the basic strategies of targeted poverty alleviation which made efforts and contributions for the stabilization and quality of poverty alleviation.In the process of poverty alleviation in Qinba Mountainous Area，through developing characteristic industries according to local conditions，Qinba Mountainous Area effectively promoted and realized the income increase of the poor in mountainous area.Through precise relocation，accurate policy and refined management，the relocated are ensured“moving out，maintaining stability，obtaining employment and can gradually getting rich”and the problem of“The unique features of a local environment can not give special characteristics to its inhabitants.”are solved.Through insisting on the combination of poverty alleviation，attitude change and education support and fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of poverty areas and the poor，Qinba Mountainous Area effectively stimulated the endogenous impetus of the poor，block the inter-generational transmission of poverty and ensure the quality of poverty alleviation.Through conscientiously prac ticing the conviction that“lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”，Qinba Mountainous Area made full use of local ecological resources，exerted ecological advantages，promoted the sustainable development of regional economy by ecological protection and governance and formed“The ecological road out of poverty”which full of local characteristics.At the same time，party，government，army institutions and enterprises began to take part in targeted poverty alleviation，which is an important part of poverty alleviation with Chinese characteristics.In Shanxi Province，with the help of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，Danfeng County actively explored the effective way to realize poverty alleviation in deep poverty areas，which contributed the“Danfeng Power”for winning the poverty alleviation battle in high-quality.The practice and effectiveness of poverty alleviation in Qinba Mountainous Area is a microcosm of Chinese practice to get rid of absolute poverty.In the new era，Chinese experience in poverty alleviation reflected the development trend of the times and it is advanced.Besides，its characteristics and mechanisms are propagable.After bidding farewell to absolute poverty，China will dedicated to solving the problem of relative poverty and implementing the strategy of rural revitalization to ensure the results of poverty alleviation can stand up to the test of history and people.

Key words：Qinba Mountainous Area，Poverty Alleviation，Poverty Governance，Targeted Poverty Reduction，Targeted Poverty Eliminati