寫作部分

一、題型簡介

本部分考查學生的綜合寫作能力，要求學生在規定時間內先閱讀一篇200字左右的材料，然后對其主要信息進行總結，并結合與材料相關的某一個話題發表自己的評論。本部分作文題目自擬。

二、大綱分析

作文部分采取整體評分法，總分為20分。閱卷者主要從內容（content）、結構（organization）和語言（language）三個方面對文本進行考查。拼寫和標點錯誤都會對最后的分數有影響。

三、真題分析及解題技巧

Read carefully the following excerpt on term-time holiday in the UK,and then write your response inNO LESS THAN 200 words,in which you should:

• summarize the main message of the excerpt,and then

• comment on whether parents should take children out of school for holiday during term time in order to save money.

You should support yourself with information from the excerpt.

Marks will be awarded for content relevance,content sufficiency,organization and language quality.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

解題思路：

1.文章應包含幾個部分？

作文一般都是三段式結構，即引入（Introduction）、主體段落（Body paragraphs）、結論（Conclusion）。引入部分一般會對寫作話題的背景進行介紹，進而引出雙方觀點，隨即也可馬上表明自己的立場（同意哪一方的觀點）。在主體段落需要講明自己為什么會支持這一立場，即贊成或反對的原因，并需要作出例證和解釋。在結尾部分對自己文章的主要論據進行總結，并重申自己的立場，還可進一步提出建議，來解決閱讀材料中出現的問題。

在專四作文中，對閱讀材料進行總結，實際上就介紹了話題產生的背景。就這一話題展開評論，實際上就是在闡釋自己的立場。這樣一來，文章就應包含三個部分：總結材料、發表評論和給出結論。

2.如何總結閱讀材料？

本篇閱讀材料為一則新聞報道，標題（Term-time Holidays Will Be Banned）便已對材料的主要信息進行了高度概括。諸如此類型的文章，重要信息往往會出現在較為醒目的地方，如開篇、每段段首或文章結尾，目的是讓讀者能又快又準地獲取資訊。

在總結閱讀材料時，可以采用“4 Ws+1H”分析法，抓住五個方面的內容：時間（when）、地點（where）、人物（who）、原因（why）以及方式（how）。本篇材料的時間并不明確，但其他四個方面的內容是十分清晰的。事件發生的地點為UK；人物涉及政府官員（the Education Secretary,the general secretary of the National Association of Head Teachers）、教師（head teachers）、家長（parents）和學生（children）；原因可以理解為parents taking their children out of school to save money for holidays；方式則是banning term-time holidays。在眾多的信息中，考生要學會比較、篩查，挑選出最重要的信息。

與此同時，考生要抓住閱讀材料中出現的兩種不同的觀點或做法。在本篇材料中，雖然沒有明確地提及“觀點”，但卻包含兩種“做法”。一種是parents taking their children out of school to save money for holidays，另一種是banning term-time holidays。在不同做法的背后，自然有不同的看法或者觀點，稍稍改變一下我們審題的思維，這些觀點就很容易被發現。

在寫作文時，對閱讀材料的總結應放在第一段，作為寫作的背景。應言簡意賅，最好控制在三句話以內，以免占用后面評論的篇幅，舍本逐末。

3.如何進行評論？

評論部分是作文的重點，涉及兩個方面：第一，總的立場，即whether parents should take children out of school for holiday during term time in order to save money；第二，贊成或反對的原因，可分小點論述。無論是總立場還是分論點，都應該有主題句，然后進行兩到三句闡述。

4.提高句子的長度和密度。

研究表明，作文句子的長度和密度與作文成績直接相關。句子的長度和密度包括每個句子的單詞數、每個句子里面的從句數目、并列句的數目等內容。例如As an attempt of the UK government to bring down truancy levels in schools,parents are to be banned by the education authority from taking their children out of school for holidays during term time.這個句子的長度和復雜度就要高于一般的簡單句，這樣的句式是作文獲得高分的主要因素之一。

USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

Notwithstanding the fact that…盡管

Sacrifce A for the sake of B為了B而犧牲A

Given the importance of…鑒于……的重要性

MODEL ANSWER

Which Is More Important,Education or a Cheaper Holiday?

As an attempt of the UK government to bring down truancy levels in schools,parents are to be banned by the education authority from taking their children out of school for holidays during term time.Notwithstanding the fact that term-time holidays cost less,the government offcials state that a child’s education is more important than a holiday.From my perspective,their statement is quite convincing.Parents,therefore,should not sacrifce their children’s education for the sake of a cheaper holiday.

Firstly,students’absence from school,no matter it is authorized or unauthorized,would jeopardize their education to some extent.Even a one-day leave could cost them some effort to catch up when return,let alone a holiday that usually lasts for several days.Moreover,the school is a community where people are inter-connected and mutually affected.One student’s out of school not only has the potential to damage his or her own education,but also is likely to interrupt that of others.Lastly,parents’taking children out of school for cheaper holiday seems to encourage truancy,and hence go against the government’s commitment to making education more academically rigorous.In the long run,it would disturb the development of education in the society at large.

Given the importance of education,I agree that term-time holidays should be banned.In addition to tough measures taken by the government,I believe parents’cooperation is all needed to reduce truancy in schools.

（239 words）