- 零基礎快學常用短語
- 李文昊 (美)克里斯汀
- 2535字
- 2020-06-11 16:09:22
F
001
fall apart(情感上)崩潰;散開;狀態惡化
重點解析 ▲該詞組中apart作副詞,意為“分離,分開,相隔”, fall apart表示“崩潰;散開;狀態惡化”。
情景對話
Linda: The old books easily fall apart. Be careful when you use it.
Mark: I will.
琳達:這些舊書很容易散開。用的時候小心一點。
馬克:我會的。
觸類旁通
· break down(討論、關系或系統)失敗,發生故障 · go to pieces 瓦解;垮掉;破碎
例句再現
It's very painful to see everything one has worked for fall apart.
看到所謀求的事都失敗了,十分痛心。
His career began to fall apart after that incident. 經過那次事件,他的職業生涯開始走下坡路。
They saw the building start to fall apart. 他們看到建筑開始倒塌。
Many people fall apart due to overwork. 許多人的身體因為過度勞累而垮了。
She tried not to fall apart when going through difficulties. 經歷困難時,她努力不使自己崩潰。
002
fall asleep 入睡,睡著
重點解析 ▲ fall在此處指“成為,變為”,后加形容詞,表示“進入……狀態”。asleep作形容詞,意為“睡著的,熟睡的”。短語fall asleep指“入睡,睡著”。
情景對話
Kate: I was so tired yesterday that I fell asleep the minute my head hit the pillow. Lucy: Same here.
凱特:昨天我太累了,頭一碰到枕頭就睡著了。
露西:我也是。
觸類旁通
· drop asleep 入睡
· fall asleep doing 做……時睡著
例句再現
It takes a long time for her to fall asleep. 她要花很長時間才能入睡。
She couldn't fall asleep with the noise going on outside. 外面噪音不斷,她無法入睡。
He has fallen asleep when she comes back. 她回來時,他已經睡著了。
The baby falls asleep in her arms. 嬰兒在她懷里睡著了。
I left when she fell asleep. 她睡著時我離開了。
003
fall down 跌倒;倒塌
重點解析 ▲ fall在此處指“降落,落下,倒下”, down作副詞,表示“向下,在下面”。短語fall down意為“跌倒;倒塌”。
情景對話
Jenny: Careful! Don't let the basket fall down.
Linda: OK. Don't worry.
珍妮:小心!不要摔壞籃子。
琳達:好的。別擔心。
觸類旁通
· fall over oneself (因匆忙、動作不靈而)摔倒;特別賣力(做某事)
· topple down 推翻;顛覆;倒塌
例句再現
The boy slipped and fell down from the stairs. 男孩滑了一下,從樓梯上摔了下來。
She took a false step and fell down into the pit. 她踩空掉到坑里了。
When the house fell down, nobody was in it. 房子倒塌的時候,里面沒有人。
The child fell down over a wooden stake. 那個孩子被木樁絆倒了。
He lost his footing and fell down from the roof. 他沒站穩,從房頂摔了下來。
004
fall for 上當,聽信;愛上
重點解析 ▲ fall for可以表示“上當,聽信”,另外也可以指“迷戀,愛上”。for作介詞,引出對象。
情景對話
James: Don't fall for their tricks. They are trying to cheat you out of your money.
Lewis: Thank you for your warning. I won't.
詹姆斯:不要中他們的詭計。他們想騙你的錢。
路易斯:謝謝你的提醒。我不會的。
觸類旁通
· be taken in 受騙;被接納
· be fooled 上當;受騙
· lose one's heart to 愛上;傾心
例句再現
She is wise enough not to fall for his flattery. 她很聰明,不會被他的阿諛奉承所蠱惑。
What makes you feel she is bound to fall for it? 你憑什么認為她肯定會信以為真?
I can't believe you should fall for her story. 我真不敢相信你竟然相信她的話。
He never thought he would fall for her. 他從沒想過自己會愛上她。
She fell for him as soon as she saw him. 她對他一見傾心。
005
fall in love 愛上
重點解析 ▲ fall in love意為“愛上”,其后可接介詞with,表示“愛上某人”。形容某人“深墜愛河”,可以用fall/be head over heels (in love) (with)來表達。
情景對話
Jane: We fell in love at first sight. Last month he asked me to marry him and I said yes.
Jim: Congratulations!
簡:我們一見鐘情。上個月他向我求婚,我答應了。
吉姆:恭喜!
觸類旁通
· be gone on sb(非正式)對……入迷;愛上
· fall madly in love 瘋狂地相愛
例句再現
He started to fall in love with her gradually. 他漸漸愛上了她。
We fell in love with this place immediately. 我們立即就愛上了這個地方。
She doesn't want to fall in love, fearing to get hurt again. 她怕再次受傷害而不想戀愛。
He fell in love with a girl he shouldn't love. 他愛上了一個不該愛的女孩。
They fell in love all over again ten years later. 十年后他們再次相愛。
006
fall into 陷入;開始做;屬于
重點解析 ▲介詞into表示“在……中,在……里”,短語fall into的基本含義為“陷入,落入”。此外fall into還可以表示“開始做;屬于”等意思。
情景對話
Hill: What's her reaction when hearing the news?
Jane: She let her head fall into her hands and started to sob.
希爾:聽到這個消息她是什么反應?
簡:她把頭埋在兩手間,開始哭了起來。
觸類旁通
· fall under 倒在……下;歸入……類
· sink into 陷入;沉入
· fall into place 變得有條不紊,開始有頭緒
· fall into line 排齊
例句再現
Be careful not to fall into the ditch. 小心點,不要掉進溝里。
By no means will they let it fall into the hands of their competitor.
他們絕不會讓它落入競爭對手手里。
Do you think he will willingly fall into her trap? 你認為他會心甘情愿地陷入她的圈套嗎?
She fell into conversation with the storekeeper. 她和店主聊了起來。
007
fall out 爭吵;解散;出現……的結果
重點解析 ▲ fall out表示“爭吵”時,其后可加介詞over,引出爭吵的原因,加with引出爭吵的對象;fall out還可以指“解散;掉隊;出現……的結果;(頭發或牙齒)掉落”。
情景對話
Dan: Can you imagine that they used to fall out a lot?
Elinor: Really? But they seem to get along quite well now.
丹:你能想象他們過去經常爭吵嗎?
埃利諾:真的嗎?但是他們現在的關系似乎很好。
觸類旁通
· fall out of 從……掉出來
· fall out of use 停止使用
例句再現
There is no need to fall out over trivial things. 沒有必要為了小事而爭吵。
The commander told the men to fall out after a long drill.
經過長時間的操練后,指揮官命令士兵們解散。
Some students fell out due to tiredness. 一些學生由于疲勞而掉隊。
It fell out as people had expected. 結果正如人們預料的那樣。
One book falls out of her bag when she is walking. 她走路時,一本書從她包里掉了出來。
008
fall on 倒在……上;在(某天)……
重點解析 ▲ fall on中on為介詞,其字面含義為“倒在……上”。fall on sb/sth有“襲擊……;撲向……”之意;此外,on后面接日期時,該詞組還可以指“(慶典或特別事件等)在某天,適逢某天”。fall的主語為描述責任、責備等詞匯時,該短語表示“……由某人負責”。
情景對話
Eden: When is your birthday, Emily?
Emily: My birthday falls on a Sunday this year.
艾登:艾米麗,你的生日是什么時候?
艾米麗:今年我的生日正好是星期日。
觸類旁通
· fall on deaf ears 未受到重視,未被理睬
· fall on one's knees 跪下;乞求
· fall on hard times/evil days 倒霉,遭遇不幸
例句再現
The expenses fell on him. 費用由他支付。
He fell on the ice the first time he learned to skate. 他第一次學滑冰時,在冰上摔倒了。
The troop fell on the enemy from the rear. 軍隊從后面襲擊敵人。
The full weight of supporting the family falls on her. 養家的重擔全落在了她的肩上。
Christmas fell on a Sunday last year. 去年的圣誕節是在星期日。
009
fall off 從……脫落;(價格等)下降
重點解析 ▲ off作介詞時,fall off有“從……脫落,從……掉下來”之意;off作副詞時,該短語還可以指“(價格、銷量等)下降”,此時fall off可以單獨使用,不接賓語。
情景對話
Grant: What happened to your leg?
Jack: I fell off my bike and broke a leg yesterday.
格蘭特:你的腿怎么了?
杰克:昨天我從自行車上摔了下來,摔斷了一條腿。
觸類旁通
· go down(價格、水平或數量)下降,下跌
例句再現
He sat in front of the door and saw leaves falling off the tree. 他坐在門前,看樹葉從樹上落下。
He fell off the ladder and broke his arm. 他從梯子上掉下來,摔斷了胳膊。
The sales of vegetables fell off sharply in the past four months.
過去的4個月,蔬菜銷量急劇下降。
He had a dream about himself falling off a cliff. 他夢見自己從懸崖上掉下來了。