Word List 7

proliferation /pr??l?f??re??n/

【釋】n. 激增 (increase; rapid production)

【例】The past two years have seen the proliferation of TV channels.

stove /sto?v/

【釋】n. 火爐，灶臺

apparatus /??p??r?t?s/

【釋】n. 設備，儀器 (set of equipment)

【近】gear, appliance

void /v??d/

【釋】adj. 空的 (empty)

【近】vacuum

【釋】adj. 無效的 (not valid)

【例】The original elections were declared void.

nurture /?n??rt??r/

【釋】v. 培育，養育

【例】The modern conservatory is not an environment for nurturing plants.

【近】bring up, care for

【反】neglect

census /?sens?s/

【釋】n. 人口普查 (a complete enumeration of a population)

【例】a thorough census of all the grizzly bears living within the national park

ditch /d?t?/

【釋】v. 拋棄 (get rid of)

【釋】n. 溝 (a narrow channel used for drainage)

eternal /??t??rnl/

【釋】adj. 永恒的 (lasting or existing forever)

【例】She has earned our eternal gratitude.

【近】everlasting, endless, immortal

【反】intermittent

blink /bl??k/

【釋】v./n. 閃爍 (flash)

【例】Suddenly a warning light blinked.

【近】flicker

【釋】v./n. 眨眼 (close and open eyes)

【例】It was all over in the blink of an eye.

【近】wink

empower /?m?pa??r/

【釋】v. 授權 (give the authority or power to do something)

【例】The army is now empowered to operate on a shoot-to-kill basis.

【近】authorize, entitle

【反】forbid

unveil /??n?ve?l/

【釋】v. 揭幕；揭露 (remove a veil or covering from)

【例】In his statement, Brown unveiled a series of initiatives.

【近】reveal, present, display, show

diplomacy /d??plo?m?si/

【釋】n. 外交 (the profession of managing inter-national relations)

ample /??mpl/

【釋】adj. 豐富的 (adequate)

【例】They had ample money for the trip.

【近】sufficient, adequate

【反】insufficient, meager

【釋】adj. 寬敞的 (quite large)

【例】There was room for an ample garden.

formidable /?f??rm?d?bl/

【釋】adj. 強大的 (very powerful or strong)

【例】The mountains were a formidable barrier.

【釋】adj. 可怕的；令人敬畏的 (causing fear, dread, or apprehension)

【例】a formidable prospect

【近】disturbing, awesome, arduous

solitary /?sɑ?l?teri/

【釋】adj. 孤獨的 (alone)

【例】lead a solitary life

【反】sociable, accessible

parasite /?p?r?sa?t/

【釋】n. 寄生蟲

definitive /d??f?n?t?v/

【釋】adj. 決定性的 (providing a firm conclusion that cannot be questioned)

【例】There is no definitive test as yet for the condition.

【近】conclusive, final, unconditional, absolute

【釋】adj. 最佳的 (thought to be the best of its kind)

【例】His An Orkney Tapestry is still the definitive book on the islands.

stereo /?sterio?/

【釋】n. 立體聲(音響)

【近】sound system

enlist /?n?l?st/

【釋】v. (使)入伍 (enroll or be enrolled in the armed services)

【例】He was enlisted into the US Navy.

【近】recruit

prototype /?pro?t?ta?p/

【釋】n. 原型；樣板

【例】Designers have built a working prototype of the car.

【近】original, model

excerpt /?eks??rpt/

【釋】n./v. 摘錄 (a short extract from a film, broad-cast, or piece of music or writing)

【例】The readings you heard earlier were excerpted from a new oral history of Pearl Harbor.

【近】extract, clip, part

collision /k??l??n/

【釋】n. 碰撞 (an accident in which two vehicles or people crash into each other)

【例】Stewart was injured in a collision with another player.

【近】crash, smash

【釋】n. 沖突 (conflict)

【例】In his work we see the collision of two different traditions.

quarterback /?kw??rt?rb?k/

【釋】n./v. (在橄欖球中擔任)四分衛

exploitation /?ekspl???te??n/

【釋】n. 開發，開采 (the use of land, oil, minerals, etc.)

【例】exploitation of natural resources

【近】utilization

【形】exploit

commute /k??mju?t/

【釋】v. 通勤 (travel some distance between one’s home and place of work on a regular basis)

【例】She commutes from Oxford to London every day.

【釋】v. 代替，交換

【例】The judge commuted his death sentence to life imprisonment.

【近】convert, transmute

【形】commuter

autonomous /???tɑ?n?m?s/

【釋】adj. 自主的 (independent)

【例】Teachers aim to help children become autonomous learners.

【近】sovereign

【形】autonomy

transit /?tr?nz?t/

【釋】n. 運輸 (the carrying of people, goods, or materials from one place to another)

【例】the goods damaged in transit

erupt /??r?pt/

【釋】v. 爆發 ( (of a volcano) become active and eject lava, ash, and gases)

【例】Ash began to erupt from the crater.

【形】eruption

liberate /?l?b?re?t/

【釋】【釋】v. 放 (set free)

【反】imprison

【形】liberation, liberator

contaminate /k?n?t?m?ne?t/

【釋】v. 污染 (make a substance or place dirty or no longer pure by adding a substance that is dangerous or carries disease)

【例】The wound was contaminated by bacteria.

【近】pollute, corrupt, taint, infect

【反】purify

【形】contamination

defy /d??fa?/

【反】【釋】v. 抗 (openly resist or refuse to obey)

【例】The commander defied a direct order to surrender.

【近】disobey, disregard

【反】obey

gasp /ɡ?sp/

【釋】v. 喘氣 (take a quick deep breath with mouth open)

【例】He gasped as the freezing water hit his body.

【近】breath, pant

narrator /n??re?t?r/

【釋】n. 敘述者 (a person who narrates something)

【近】commentator

duplicate /?du?pl?ke?t/

【釋】v./n. 復制(品) (make a copy)

【例】I had a duplicate key made.

【近】facsimile, replica, reproduction

【形】duplication

pedestrian /p??destri?n/

【釋】n. 行人 (a person traveling on foot)

【例】a pedestrian street

【釋】adj. 平庸乏味的 (not interesting or unusual)

【近】dull

【反】absorbing, engaging

theatrical /θi??tr?kl/

【釋】adj. 戲劇性的，夸張的 (of or relating to the theater)

applaud /??pl??d/

【釋】v. 鼓掌；喝彩 (show approval by clapping hands)

【近】clap, acclaim

【釋】v. 贊揚 (praise)

【例】I applaud your decision.

【近】commend

【反】criticize

harness /?hɑ?rn?s/

【釋】v. 利用 (use the force or strength of sth. to produce power or to achieve sth.)

【例】harness the computer’s potential

【近】exploit, utilize

【釋】n. 馬具；保護帶

nun /n?n/

【釋】n. 修女

descendant /d??send?nt/

【釋】n. 后裔；子孫

【例】Many people in this area are descendants of German immigrants.

【近】offspring, family, seed

【反】ancestor

dinosaur /?da?n?s??r/

【釋】n. 恐龍

expel /?k?spel/

【釋】v. 驅逐 (force out or eject)

【例】That academic was expelled from the country yesterday.

【近】exile

submarine /?s?bm??ri?n/

【釋】adj. 海底的

【例】submarine plants

【釋】n. 潛水艇

foam /fo?m/

【釋】n. 泡沫

【例】sea foam

【釋】v. 起泡沫

erode /??ro?d/

【釋】v. 腐蝕，侵蝕 (gradually destroy)

【例】Crashing waves have eroded the cliffs along the beach.

【近】corrode, dissolve

【形】erosion

gravel /?ɡr?vl/

【釋】n. 碎石，砂礫 (small pieces of rock)

【近】grit, shingle

mimic /?m?m?k/

【釋】v. 模仿 (imitate)

【形】mimicry

thriller /?θr?l?r/

【釋】n. 使人毛骨悚然的東西

【例】Dial M for Murder is a great thriller.

veil /ve?l/

【釋】n. 面紗

【例】She raised/lowered her veil.

【釋】v. 遮掩；掩飾 (cover with or as if with a veil)

【例】Dense haze veiled the bridge.

【近】cover, screen

cripple /?kr?pl/

【釋】v. 削弱 (cause great damage to (something))

【例】Higher taxes could cripple small busine-sses.

【釋】v. 使跛；使殘廢 (damage somebody’s body so that they are no longer able to walk or move normally)

【例】He was crippled by polio as a child.

【近】disable, paralyze, immobilize, lame

【釋】n. 瘸子

【例】He returned from war a cripple.

spacious /?spe???s/

【釋】adj. 寬敞的

【例】The hotel has a spacious lounge and TV room.

【近】capacious, commodious

【反】confined, circumscribed

swamp /swɑ?mp/

【釋】n. 沼澤 (a bog or mar)

【近】marsh

【用】be swamped with=be overwhelmed with

stark /stɑ?rk/

【釋】adj. 完全的 (complete; sheer)

【例】In the suburbs the spacious houses stand in stark contrast to the slums of the city’s poor.

【釋】adj. 荒涼的；樸實無華的 (desolate and bare)

【例】The landscape was grey and stark.

dismantle /d?s?m?ntl/

【釋】v. 拆除 (take apart a machine or structure so that it is in separate pieces)

【例】The mechanic dismantled the engine to repair it.

【近】break up

【反】assemble, build

enlighten /?n?la?tn/

【釋】v. 啟迪；闡明

【例】Please enlighten us about the latest development.

【近】inform, clarify

【形】enlightened, enlightenment

cramp /kr?mp/

【釋】n. 痙攣

【釋】v. 束縛，限制 (restrain from free expression)

【例】The new regulations may cramp the company’s financial growth.

【近】impede, inhibit

【釋】adj. 難解的 (hard to understand or figure out)

【例】cramp handwriting

【形】cramped

fume /fju?m/

【釋】n. 氣體 (gas, smoke, or vapor that smells strongly or is dangerous to inhale)

potent /?po?tnt/

【釋】adj. 強有力的 (powerful, effective)

【例】a potent argument

bleak /bli?k/

【釋】adj. 陰冷的；荒涼的 (not warm, friendly, cheerful, etc.)

【例】It was a dark and bleak wintry day.

【近】bare, desolate, stark, desert

【釋】adj. 黯淡的，無希望的 (not hopeful or encouraging)

【例】a bleak future

【反】promising

overtake /?o?v?r?te?k/

【釋】v. 超過 (catch up with and pass)

【例】Nuclear energy may overtake oil as the main fuel.

【近】exceed, surpass

archaeologist /?ɑ?rki?ɑ?l?d??st/

【釋】n. 考古學家

compartment /k?m?pɑ?rtm?nt/

【釋】n. 車廂；隔間

【例】a first class compartment

【近】section, chamber

trademark /?tre?dmɑ?rk/

【釋】n. 商標；特征

【近】brand, sign, mark

moisture /?m??st??r/

【釋】n. 水汽

fertile /?f??rtl/

【釋】adj. 肥沃的 (producing or capable of produ-cing abundant vegetation or crops)

【近】fecund, productive

【反】barren

【形】fertility

sovereign /?sɑ?vr?n/

【釋】n. 君主 (the person with the highest power in a country)

【例】In March 1889, she became the first British sovereign to set foot on Spanish soil.

【近】ruler, monarch

【釋】adj. 具有獨立主權的 ( (of a country or state) free to govern itself)

【例】a sovereign state

congestion /k?n?d?est??n/

【釋】n. 堵塞 (excessive crowding)

odor /?o?d?r/

【釋】n. 氣味 (a distinctive smell)

【近】aroma, scent

freight /fre?t/

【釋】n. 貨物 (goods)

【近】cargo

blossom /?blɑ?s?m/

【釋】v. 開花；興旺 (flourish; thrive)

【例】The cherry trees blossomed early this year.

【近】bloom

【反】fade, wither

stationary /?ste???neri/

【釋】n. 靜止不動的 (not moving)

【例】The traffic got slower and slower until it was stationary.

【近】static, motionless, immobile, still

discern /d??s??rn/

【釋】v. 辨別 (discriminate)

【例】You need a long series of data to be able to discern such a trend.

【近】identify

prevalent /?prev?l?nt/

【釋】adj. 流行的 (widespread)

【近】popular

【反】rare

shepherd /??ep?rd/

【釋】n. 牧羊人

【釋】v. 引領；指導 (guide)

【近】usher, steer

compress /k?m?pres/

【釋】v. 壓縮 (condense)

【例】As more snow fell, the bottom layer was compressed into ice.

【近】squash, condense

【形】compressor

tangle /?t??ɡl/

【釋】v./n. 纏結 (become twisted)

【例】Her hair got all tangled up in the barbed wire fence.

【近】twist, knot, coil

humiliate /hju??m?lie?t/

【釋】v. 羞辱 (do something which makes sb. feel ashamed or stupid)

【例】I didn’t want to humiliate her in front of her colleagues.

【形】humiliation

advent /??dvent/

【釋】n. 到來，出現 (arrival)

【例】Since the advent of these tools, their use has evolved.

【近】emergence, occurrence

bustle /?b?sl/

【釋】v. 喧鬧；忙亂 (move or go in a busy or hurried way)

【例】She bustled around the kitchen getting ready for dinner guests.

【釋】n. 喧鬧 (noisy, energetic activity)

【例】the hustle and bustle of the big city

intimacy /??nt?m?si/

【釋】n. 親密 (familiarity)

【例】Between them it was more the intimacy of sisters.

novelty /?nɑ?vlti/

【釋】n. 新奇，新穎 (the quality of being new, original, or unusual)

【例】The novelty of these toys soon wore off and the children became bored with them.

【近】originality, difference, innovation

【形】novel

categorize /?k?t?ɡ?ra?z/

【釋】v. 分類 (put into a category)

【例】The publish concept provides a flexible method to categorize alerts by topic.

【近】classify

recur /r??k??r/

【釋】v. 反復出現 (repeat)

【例】Once the drugs are stopped, however, symptoms typically recur.

【形】recurrence

hamper /?h?mp?r/

【釋】v. 阻礙 (hinder or impede)

【例】The bad weather hampered rescue operations.

【近】block, hinder, impede

comprehend /?kɑ?mpr??hend/

【釋】v. 理解 (understand)

【例】The infinite distances of space are too great for the human mind to comprehend.

【近】grasp

【形】comprehension

prosperous /?prɑ?sp?r?s/

【釋】adj. 繁榮的 (successful or thriving)

【例】a prosperous country

【近】successful, strong, vigorous, profitable

【反】poor

【形】prosperity

resemblance /r??zembl?ns/

【釋】n. 相似 (likeness)

alienate /?e?li?ne?t/

【釋】v.使疏遠，離間 (make (someone) unfriendly)

【例】He alienated most of his colleagues with his bad temper.

【近】isolate

【形】alienation

autobiography /???t?ba??ɑ?ɡr?fi/

【釋】n. 自傳 (the biography of a person narrated by himself or herself)

【例】He published his autobiography last autumn.

frost /fr??st/

【釋】n. 霜凍

equate /i?kwe?t/

【釋】v. 使等同；相同

【例】He equates criticism with treachery.

【近】identify, correspond, equalize

dispense /d??spens/

【釋】v. 分發 (distribute)

crust /kr?st/

【釋】n. 地殼

【釋】n. 堅硬外皮 (a hard outer covering)

【例】a crust of snow

【近】layer, cover, coat, sheet

indifferent /?n?d?fr?nt/

【釋】adj. 漠不關心的 (lacking interest or sympathy)

【例】It’s easy to be indifferent to money when you’ve never been poor.

【釋】adj. 很一般的 (not very good)

【例】Everyone got a prize, whether they were good, bad or indifferent.

【近】casual, bored, ordinary, average, pedestrian

【反】brilliant

【形】indifference

clan /kl?n/

【釋】n. 宗族 (a group of close-knit and interrelated families)

coral /?k??r?l/

【釋】n. 珊瑚

solidarity /?sɑ?l??d?r?ti/

【釋】n. 團結一致 (unity and agreement resulting from shared interests)

【例】The lecturers joined the protest march to show solidarity with their students.

【近】unanimity, unity, agreement, accord

culminate /?k?lm?ne?t/

【釋】v. 達到頂點 (reach the final result)

【例】They had an argument, which culminated in Tom getting drunk.

【近】head, peak, up to, end with

【用】culminate in sth. 獲得某種結局

【形】culmination

drastic /?dr?st?k/

【釋】adj. 劇烈的 (extreme in a way that has a sudden or violent effect on something)

【近】severe, radical

【反】moderate

extinction /?k?st??k?n/

【釋】n. 滅絕

【例】We may live to see the extinction of the whale.

【近】extermination