2015年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試（北京卷）

英語

第一部分：聽力理解（共三節，30分）

第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話你將聽一遍。

例：What is the man going to read？

A. A newspaper.

B. A magazine.

C. A book.

答案是A。

1. What kind of music does the woman like?

A. Classical musiC.

B. Rock musiC.

C. Country musiC.

2. Which sweater will the man take?

A. The red one.

B. The blue one.

C. The yellow one.

3. How will the man pay?

A. In cash.

B. By credit card.

C. By traveler’s cheque.

4. Where are the woman’s keys?

A. In her pocket.

B. On the floor.

C. On the table.

5. What will the man probably do tonight?

A. Read Chapter 4.

B. Study in the library.

C. Watch the football match.

第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

聽下面4段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。

6. What is the relationship between the two speakers?

A. Travel agent and customer.

B. Husband and wife.

C. Boss and secretary.

7. When will the meetings end?

A. At 3:00 pm.

B. At 5:00 pm.

C. At 6:30 pm.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。

8. Where is the foreign language section?

A. In Row 3.

B. In Row 5.

C. In Row 7.

9. What does the man decide to borrow?

A. Novels.

B. Biographies.

C. Magazines.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10. Why does the man make the call?

A. To ask for information.

B. To make an appointment.

C. To send out an invitation.

11. What sport is the man interested in?

A. Football.

B. Basketball.

C. Swimming.

12. On what days is the sports center closed?

A. Mondays.

B. Fridays.

C. Sundays.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至15題。

13. What is the speaker mainly talking about?

A. Rules of the school.

B. Course requirements.

C. Notices of the new term.

14. Which club will meet on Wednesdays?

A. Baseball.

B. Dance.

C. Chess.

15. When will the parents’ evening for Year 8 be held?

A. In September.

B. In October.

C. In November.

第三節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）

聽下面一段對話，完成第16至20五道小題，每小題僅填寫一個詞。聽對話前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時間。這段對話你將聽兩遍。

第二部分：知識運用（共兩節，45分）

第一節 單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）

從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. ______, we last met more than thirty years ago.

A. What’s more

B. That’s to say

C. In other words

D. Believe it or not

答案是 D。

21. ______ the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.

A. Catching

B. Caught

C. To catch

D. Catch

22. —Did you enjoy the party?

—Yes. We ______ well by our hosts.

A. were treated

B. would be treated

C. treated

D. had treated

23. The park was full of people, ______ themselves in the sunshine.

A. having enjoyed

B. enjoyed

C. enjoying

D. to enjoy

24. Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, ______ you can hear some lovely musiC.

A. which

B. that

C. when

D. where

25. He is a shy man, ______ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.

A. so

B. but

C. or

D. as

26. In the last few years, China ______ great achievements in environmental protection.

A. has made

B. had made

C. was making

D. is making

27. —Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house?

—Not really. She _______ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.

A. was to give

B. had given

C. was giving

D. would give

28. You won’t find paper cutting difficult ______ you keep practicing it.

A. even though

B. as long as

C. as if

D. ever since

29. —Can’t you stay a little longer?

—It’s getting late. I really ______ go now. My daughter is home alone.

A. may

B. can

C. must

D. dare

30. —Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.

—All right. I ______ him later.

A. will call

B. have called

C. call

D. will be calling

31. If ______ for the job, you’ll be informed soon.

A. to accept

B. accept

C. accepting

D. accepted

32. ______ the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.

A. Until

B. Unless

C. Once

D. Although

33. I truly believe _______ beauty comes from within.

A. that

B. where

C. what

D. why

34. If I ______ it with my own eyes, I wouldn’t have believed it.

A. didn’t see

B. weren’t seeing

C. wouldn’t see

D. hadn’t seen

35. ______ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.

A. Where

B. How

C. Why

D. When

第二節 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

A Welcome Gift

Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 　36　 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 　37　 filled the room and made them feel very happy.

The next morning, 　38　 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 　39　 under their door during the night. One of their neighbors had written to complain （抱怨）about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent （管理員）if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 　40　 people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 　41　 and apologize for their playing.

“Maybe we could go and 　42　 everyone in person,” his mother said.

“What if we invited them to come here for a 　43　 instead?” Dario asked.

They both loved the 　44　 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 　45　 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers （彩帶）and party lights.

Finally, the day of the party 　46　 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 　47　 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 　48　 Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.

“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 　49　 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.”

Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we 　50　 you an apology,” she said. “I didn’t 　51　 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.”

“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 　52　 musiC. ”

“These songs are beautiful music,” Dario’s mother said. “We will be 　53　 to play them in the evening.”

“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to 　54　 the new musiC. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of 　55　 and made him feel that they were home at last.

36.A. sat　B. stood　C. lay　D. walked

37.A. voice　B. ring　C. music　D. cry

38.A. therefore　B. however　C. otherwise　D. instead

39.A. note　B. poster　C. bill　D. report

40.A. proud　B. rich　C. lucky　D. nice

41.A. neighbors　B. friends　C. relatives　D. audiences

42.A. blame　B. instruct　C. question　D. visit

43.A. party　B. concert　C. show　D. play

44.A. experience　B. idea　C. performance　D. action

45.A. to　B. with　C. for　D. from

46.A. continued　B. arrived　C. passed　D. finished

47.A. order　B. sell　C. share　D. advertise

48.A. treated　B. presented　C. helped　D. served

49.A. promised　B. admitted　C. agreed　D. worried

50.A. give　B. send　C. offer　D. owe

51.A. realize　B. remember　C. understand　D. accept

52.A. sweet　B. strange　C. funny　D. loud

53.A. brave　B. sorry　C. happy　D. afraid

54.A. changing　B. practicing　C. recording　D. writing

55.A. equality　B. freedom　C. warmth　D. sympathy

第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節，40 分）

第一節（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

A

The Boy Made It!

One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn’t have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.

Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to paniC. He thought about all of the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.

He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow. If he didn’t, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him.

Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.

By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn’t lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled （蜷縮）in his cave and slept.

The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn’t find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.

Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls’ survival show Man vs. Wild. That’s where he learned the tips that saved his life. In each episode （一期節目）of Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.

When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.

56. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?

A. He got lost.

B. He broke his skis.

C. He hurt his eyes.

D. He caught a cold.

57. How did Nicholas keep himself warm?

A. He found a shelter.

B. He lighted some branches.

C. He kept on skiing.

D. He built a snow cave.

58. On Tuesday, Nicholas ______.

A. returned to his shelter safely

B. was saved by a searcher

C. got stuck in the snow

D. stayed where he was

59. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he ______.

A. did the right things in the dangerous situation

B. watched Grylls’ TV program regularly

C. created some tips for survival

D. was very hard-working

B

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TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume （音量）and now it’s better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that’s comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute （靜音）if the situation calls for a quiet environment—maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.

TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. That’s why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists （聽覺學家）nationwide as well as world-famous doctors.

Risk Free Trial! TV Ears comes with a 30-day risk free trial.

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If you’re not satisfied, return it.

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60. TV Ears helps you ______.

A. improve your sleeping quality

B. listen to TV without disturbing others

C. change TV channels without difficulty

D. become interested in ballgame programs

61. What makes TV Ears different from other headsets?

A. It can easily set TV on mute.

B. Its headset volume is adjustable.

C. It has a new noise reduction ear tip.

D. It applies special wireless technology.

62. This advertisement is made more believable by ______.

A. using recommendations

B. offering reasons for this invention

C. providing statistics

D. showing the results of experiments

C

Life in the Clear

Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless they’re eating it, or unless something is eating them.”

And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? It’s trickier than you might think.

The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter （散射）light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily.

But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light, at least not very much. Light can pass through it without bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water. You don’t see it—you see the things behind it.

To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments （色素）that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments, so its tissues won’t absorb light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.

Animals are built of many different materials—skin, fat, and more—and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see-through. Others build a large, clear mass of non-living jelly-like （果凍狀的）material and spread themselves over it.

Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how they’re doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear: for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white.

63.According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals ______.

A. stay in groups

B. can be easily damaged

C. appear only in deep ocean

D. are beautiful creatures

64. The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means ______.

A. silently

B. gradually

C. regularly

D. completely

65. One way for an animal to become transparent is to ______.

A. change the direction of light travel

B. gather materials to scatter light

C. avoid the absorption of light

D. grow bigger to stop light

66. The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals ______.

A. move more slowly in deep water

B. stay see-through even after death

C. produce more tissues for their survival

D. take effective action to reduce light spreading

D

Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes that are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.

An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys （調查）on this topic suggest that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.

However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.

In the context （背景）of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago? Many studies show that older parents—today’s grandparents—would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.

Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.

Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.

67. The surveys inform us of ______.

A. the development of technology

B. the changes of adult children’s behavior

C. the parents’ over-protection of their college children

D. the means and expenses of students’ communication

68. The writer believes that ______.

A. parents today are more protective than those in the past

B. the disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantages

C. technology explains greater parental involvement with their children

D. parents’ changed attitudes lead to college children’s delayed independence

69. What is the best title for the passage?

A. Technology or Attitude

B. Dependence or Independence

C. Family Influences or Social Changes

D. College Management or Communication Advancement

70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?

I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point （次要點）C: Conclusion

第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

This Way to Dreamland

Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. 　71　 They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.

But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. 　72　 Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?

So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?

First, understand that some opportunities （機會）for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. 　73　 And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.

It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.　74　

Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.　75　

Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.

A.Having interesting things to think about also helps.

B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves.

C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.

D.At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.

E.It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.

F.Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.

G.Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.

第四部分：書面表達（共兩節，35分）

第一節（15分）

假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華，請給你的美國朋友Jim寫一封郵件，告訴他你打算參加龍舟訓練營，希望他一起參加。郵件的內容包括：

1. 介紹訓練營的相關內容（例如：時間、地點、參加者等）；

2. 說明你打算參加的原因；

3. 詢問對方的意向。

注意：1. 詞數不少于50；

2. 開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。

提示詞：龍舟訓練營 Dragon Boat Training Camp

Dear Jim,

____________________

____________________

____________________

Yours,

Li Hua

第二節（20分）

假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。請根據以下四幅圖的先后順序，介紹在“傳統文化進校園”活動中，向面人藝術家學習捏面人的過程，并以“A Day with a Craftsman”為題，給?？坝⒄Z角”寫一篇英文稿件。

注意：詞數不少于60。

提示詞：一個面團 a piece of dough　面人 dough figurine