Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A

Conversation One

1.A

【聽前預(yù)測】

1.四項(xiàng)均為名詞短語，推測該題可能以what開頭提問。

2.兩項(xiàng)均含有與CucinTech有關(guān)的內(nèi)容（the project,technology），兩項(xiàng)提到的內(nèi)容與男士有關(guān)（the project the man managed,a new career）。

結(jié)論：該題考查的內(nèi)容可能涉及某個(gè)公司的情況或男士的工作狀況。聽音時(shí)，需留意與男士工作和公司情況相關(guān)的語句。

【解析】對(duì)話開頭，女士先說“你在CucinTech負(fù)責(zé)創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目”，后來又說“這個(gè)項(xiàng)目似乎很成功”，由此可知A項(xiàng)符合對(duì)話內(nèi)容。B項(xiàng)是利用對(duì)話中多次出現(xiàn)的innovation設(shè)置的干擾項(xiàng)；C、D兩項(xiàng)在對(duì)話中均沒有提及，故排除。

2.B

【聽前預(yù)測】

1.四項(xiàng)均為名詞短語，推測該題可能以what開頭提問。

2.四項(xiàng)提到的內(nèi)容均為公司發(fā)展的必備條件。

結(jié)論：該題很可能涉及某個(gè)公司發(fā)展的相關(guān)問題。聽音時(shí)，需留意與公司發(fā)展?fàn)顩r相關(guān)的語句。

【解析】對(duì)話中，女士問："CucinTech命運(yùn)的扭轉(zhuǎn)完全歸功于戰(zhàn)略創(chuàng)新嗎？”男士對(duì)此做出了肯定回答，并介紹了CucinTech公司之前的狀況——隨大流，重復(fù)別人的做法。由此可推斷出，該公司缺少創(chuàng)新意識(shí)，故B項(xiàng)為正確答案。對(duì)話中男士提到"CucinTech有很多人才”，所以A項(xiàng)不是CucinTech所缺少的，故排除；對(duì)話中只提到CucinTech公司在產(chǎn)品研發(fā)上有巨大的潛力，但沒有說其產(chǎn)品是否具有競爭力，故排除C項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)在對(duì)話中沒有提到，故排除。

3.C

【聽前預(yù)測】

1.四項(xiàng)均以動(dòng)詞原形開頭，可能考查某人或某公司的動(dòng)作。

2.四項(xiàng)提到的內(nèi)容均與公司謀求發(fā)展所需因素相關(guān)。

結(jié)論：該題可能考查某個(gè)公司謀求發(fā)展時(shí)所需要關(guān)注的事情。聽音時(shí)，需留意與market,talent,innovate,competitors相關(guān)的語句。

【解析】對(duì)話中，男士在對(duì)公司戰(zhàn)略發(fā)表看法時(shí)說：“我們需要不斷地創(chuàng)新，從而跟上時(shí)代的步伐。停滯不前就會(huì)落后。”后面接著說：“但是作為公司戰(zhàn)略，恐怕創(chuàng)新是無止境的。”由此可知，男士認(rèn)為在工作時(shí)要不斷地創(chuàng)新，故C項(xiàng)符合對(duì)話內(nèi)容。對(duì)話中未提到有關(guān)“擴(kuò)大市場”的內(nèi)容，排除A項(xiàng)；對(duì)話中提到"CucinTech有很多人才”，但沒有提到是否要“招聘更多人才”，排除B項(xiàng)；對(duì)話中僅僅提到創(chuàng)新容易被競爭對(duì)手模仿，但沒有明確指出是否要留意競爭對(duì)手，故排除D項(xiàng)。

4.D

【聽前預(yù)測】

1.四項(xiàng)均為名詞短語，推測該題可能以what開頭提問。

2.四項(xiàng)提到的內(nèi)容均與公司遇到的困境相關(guān)（bankruptcy,difficulties,conflicts,imitation）。

結(jié)論：該題的考查內(nèi)容可能涉及公司遇到的困難。聽音時(shí)，需留意與bankruptcy,difficulties,conflicts,imitation相關(guān)的語句。

【解析】對(duì)話中，男士提到“創(chuàng)新的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就是會(huì)經(jīng)常被模仿”，因此，選項(xiàng)D與對(duì)話內(nèi)容相符。其他三項(xiàng)在對(duì)話中均未提及，故排除。

Conversation Two

5.A

【聽前預(yù)測】

1.四項(xiàng)均為名詞性短語。

2.兩項(xiàng)提到的內(nèi)容與職業(yè)相關(guān)（interpreter,professionals），其他兩項(xiàng)提到的內(nèi)容與某項(xiàng)工作的技巧方面的信息相關(guān)（proficiency,effective communication）。

結(jié)論：該題可能考查對(duì)話的主題，并且主題可能與工作相關(guān)。聽音時(shí)，應(yīng)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注各選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞（ interpreter,stress,proficiency,effective communication），然后根據(jù)問題做出進(jìn)一步的判斷。

【解析】對(duì)話開頭，男士提到“今天我請(qǐng)到的嘉賓是唐娜·伊萬諾維奇，一位擁有20年工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的口譯工作者”，接下來的內(nèi)容都是圍繞口譯工作展開的，因此，選項(xiàng)A應(yīng)是對(duì)話的主題。B項(xiàng)是對(duì)話中提到的具體內(nèi)容，不是主要話題，所以排除；C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)在對(duì)話中均未提及，故排除。

6.B

【聽前預(yù)測】

1.四項(xiàng)均為表示主觀感受的形容詞，可能會(huì)考查態(tài)度或看法。

2.四項(xiàng)均為褒義詞，都具有積極意義。

結(jié)論：該題可能考查男士或女士對(duì)某項(xiàng)職業(yè)的看法或態(tài)度。聽音時(shí)應(yīng)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注與觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度相關(guān)的語句。

【解析】對(duì)話中，男士提到“我非常欽佩您所做的工作”，因此，選項(xiàng)B與對(duì)話內(nèi)容相符。其他三項(xiàng)均不是男士對(duì)女士工作的評(píng)價(jià)，故排除。

7.B

【聽前預(yù)測】

1.四項(xiàng)均以they開頭。

2.兩項(xiàng)提到的內(nèi)容與語言學(xué)習(xí)或語言水平測試相關(guān)（strong interest in language,language proficiency tests）。

3.三項(xiàng)提到的內(nèi)容與某種能力或?qū)W習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)相關(guān)（professional qualifications,passed language proficiency tests,studied cross-cultural differences）。

結(jié)論：該題可能考查they具備的某種語言學(xué)習(xí)能力。聽音時(shí)，應(yīng)留意與能力相關(guān)的表達(dá)以及與選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的語句。

【解析】對(duì)話中，男士先提到“很多人認(rèn)為任何會(huì)說超過一種語言的人都能做口譯工作”，之后女士對(duì)此回應(yīng)說：“我所認(rèn)識(shí)的口譯工作者都擁有專業(yè)資格并接受過培訓(xùn)。”也就是說，女士認(rèn)為她所認(rèn)識(shí)的同行都具備專業(yè)資質(zhì)，所以選項(xiàng)B與對(duì)話內(nèi)容相符。其他三項(xiàng)在對(duì)話中均未提及，故排除。

8.C

【聽前預(yù)測】

1.四項(xiàng)均以it開頭，且都包含表示比較的詞匯。

2.四項(xiàng)均表示it的特征。

結(jié)論：該題應(yīng)考查it的某種特性，同時(shí)會(huì)涉及與另一方的對(duì)比。聽音時(shí)，應(yīng)首先確定it所指代的事物，聽到問題后，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)做出判斷。

【解析】對(duì)話中女士提到“大多數(shù)本領(lǐng)域（口譯）工作者都認(rèn)同交替?zhèn)髯g更有壓力”，因此，選項(xiàng)C與對(duì)話內(nèi)容相符。A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)在對(duì)話中沒有提及，可排除；對(duì)話中提到“交替?zhèn)髯g會(huì)讓你的短期記憶面臨巨大的壓力”，而不是“長期記憶”，所以D項(xiàng)與對(duì)話內(nèi)容相悖，故排除。

Section B

Passage One

【聽力原文】

［9］Mothers have been warned for years that sleeping with their newborn infant is a bad idea,because it increases the risk that the baby might die unexpectedly during the night.［10］But now Israeli researchers are reporting that even sleeping in the same room can have negative consequences,not for the child,but for the mother.Mothers who slept in the same room as their infants,whether in the same bed or just the same room,had poorer sleep than mothers whose baby slept elsewhere in the house.They woke up more frequently,were awake approximately 20 minutes longer per night,and had shorter periods of uninterrupted sleep.These results held true even taking into account that many of the women in the study were breast-feeding their babies.Infants,on the other hand,didn't appear to have worse sleep whether they slept in the same or different room from their mothers.The researchers acknowledge that since the families they studied were all middle-class Israelis,it's possible the results would be different in different cultures.Lead author Lyati Sotski wrote in an email that the research team also didn't measure fathers' sleep,so it's possible that their sleep patterns could also be causing the sleep disruptions for mums.［11］Right now,to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome,the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that mothers not sleep in the same bed as their babies,but sleep in the same room.The Israeli study suggests that doing so may be best for the baby,but may take a toll on mum.

9.What is the long-held view about mothers' sleeping with new-born babies?

10.What do Israeli researchers' findings show?

11.What does the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend mothers do?

9.C

【解題思路】

1.四項(xiàng)均以It might開頭。

2.四項(xiàng)描述的都是消極結(jié)果。

3.兩項(xiàng)與mothers有關(guān)，兩項(xiàng)與infants有關(guān)。

結(jié)論：本題考查的內(nèi)容可以是一種看法、觀點(diǎn)或某個(gè)結(jié)論，可能是文章的某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，也有可能是文章的主旨。聽音時(shí)應(yīng)將重點(diǎn)放在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵信息上（affect mothers' health,disturb infants' sleep,increase the risk of infants' death,increase mothers' mental distress）。

【解析】文章開頭指出，多年來媽媽們都被提醒不要與新生兒一起睡，因?yàn)檫@可能會(huì)增加?jì)雰阂归g發(fā)生意外死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。由此可知C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)與D項(xiàng)在研究中均未提及；B項(xiàng)與研究結(jié)論剛好相反，因此均排除。

10.D

【解題思路】

1.四項(xiàng)都提到睡眠：asleep,sleep,Sleeping。

2.兩項(xiàng)提到有寶寶的媽媽的睡眠問題。

3.一項(xiàng)提到媽媽的睡眠模式影響新生兒，一項(xiàng)提到與新生兒在一起睡影響媽媽。

結(jié)論：本題考查的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是文中的細(xì)節(jié)，通過對(duì)選項(xiàng)的理解，可以進(jìn)一步推斷考查的是新生兒或者媽媽的睡眠問題。聽音時(shí)應(yīng)將重點(diǎn)放在與睡眠相關(guān)的描述上。

【解析】文中提到，以色列研究人員報(bào)告稱，即使（和嬰兒）睡在同一個(gè)房間也會(huì)引起不良后果，并不是對(duì)嬰兒（有不良后果），而是對(duì)媽媽。因此D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)文中沒有提及，B項(xiàng)與以色列研究人員的報(bào)告內(nèi)容相反，根據(jù)報(bào)告內(nèi)容，媽媽們應(yīng)該是缺乏睡眠，故排除這三項(xiàng)。

11.B

【解題思路】四項(xiàng)都是祈使句，且三項(xiàng)都與睡眠相關(guān)。

結(jié)論：本題考查的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是某種做法，屬于文章的細(xì)節(jié)。聽音時(shí)應(yīng)將重點(diǎn)放在提及需要采取某種做法或某種措施的信息上面。

【解析】文章最后提到：“現(xiàn)在，為了減少嬰兒發(fā)生猝死的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，美國兒科學(xué)會(huì)建議媽媽們不要和寶寶睡在同一張床上，而是睡在同一個(gè)房間。”所以B項(xiàng)正確。其他三項(xiàng)都不是美國兒科學(xué)會(huì)的建議，均不能選。

Passage Two

【聽力原文】

［12］The US has already lost more than a third of the native languages that existed before European colonization and the remaining 192 are classed by UNESCO as ranging between unsafe and extinct.［13］"We need more funding and more effort to return these languages to everyday use,"says Fred Nawusky of the National Museum of the American Indian."We are making progress,but money needs to be spent on revitalizing languages,not just documenting them.”Some 40 languages mainly in California and Oklahoma where thousands of Indians were forced to relocate in the 19th century have fewer than 10 native speakers.Part of the issue is that tribal groups themselves don't always believe their languages are endangered until they are down to the last handful of speakers."But progress is being made through emerging schools,because if you teach children when they are young,it will stay with them as adults and that's the future,"says Mr.Nawusky,a Comanche Indian.Such schools have become a model in Hawaii,but the islanders' local language is still classed by UNESCO as critically endangered because only 1,000 people speak it.［14］The decline in American Indian languages has its historical roots.In the mid-19th century,the US government adopted a policy of Americanizing Indian children by removing them from their homes and culture.Within a few generations,most had forgotten their native tongues.Another challenge to language survival is television.［15］It has brought English into homes,and pushed out traditional storytelling and family time together,accelerating the extinction of native languages.

12.What do we learn from the report?

13.For what purpose does Fred Nawusky appeal for more funding?

14.What is the historical cause of the decline in American Indian Languages?

15.What does the speaker say about television?

12.A

【解題思路】

1.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都提到languages，其中兩項(xiàng)說的都是native languages。

2.三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都提到US。

結(jié)論：本題考查的內(nèi)容可能是某處細(xì)節(jié)，通過對(duì)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的理解，可以推斷與美國的本土語言有關(guān)。聽音時(shí)應(yīng)將重點(diǎn)放在與語言相關(guān)的信息上。

【解析】題目問的是從這篇報(bào)道中我們得知什么，屬于對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)的考查。文章開頭提到，在歐洲殖民統(tǒng)治之前存在的美國本土語言中，超過三分之一的語言都已經(jīng)消失了，這與A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容表述一致，因此是正確選項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)文中沒有提及；根據(jù)美國印第安人國家博物館的弗雷德·努瓦斯基所說的，保護(hù)印第安語言的工作正在取得進(jìn)展，而不是努力白費(fèi)了，故C項(xiàng)不可選；弗雷德·努瓦斯基明確說，需要投入資金，使語言復(fù)興而不僅僅是記載語言，因此D項(xiàng)也不可選。

13.D

【解題思路】四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是不定式短語，且三項(xiàng)都提到language或languages。

結(jié)論：本題考查的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某處細(xì)節(jié)，可能是做某件事的目的，聽音時(shí)需注意與目的相關(guān)的信息。

【解析】文中提到弗雷德·努瓦斯基說，我們需要更多的資金和更大的努力來把這些語言恢復(fù)到日常使用的狀態(tài)……還需要投入資金，使語言復(fù)興而不僅僅是記載語言。因此D項(xiàng)正確。本題容易誤選B項(xiàng)，聽音時(shí)需注意documenting前面有not just，因此B項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。

14.A

【解題思路】四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是名詞短語，都提到了Indian或Indians；兩項(xiàng)提到了US government。

結(jié)論：本題考查的內(nèi)容是文章的某處細(xì)節(jié)，可能與美國政府對(duì)印第安人或印第安語言的政策或態(tài)度有關(guān)。聽音時(shí)需注意與此相關(guān)的信息。

【解析】文章后半部分提到，在19世紀(jì)中期，美國政府采取了一種通過把印第安兒童趕出其家園和其所在文化地區(qū)的方式來使他們美國化的政策，而這種政策導(dǎo)致印第安人逐漸忘記了他們的本土語言，這正是印第安語言衰落的歷史根源。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

15.C

【解題思路】四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都以It開頭，兩項(xiàng)都提到了native languages。

結(jié)論：本題考查的仍是文章的某處細(xì)節(jié)，需要先弄清It所指的是什么，然后再確定It做了什么或與native languages的關(guān)系。

【解析】It指代的是電視。文章最后提到電視對(duì)語言衰落的消極影響：它把英語帶到家庭中，而排擠掉了講故事和家庭聚會(huì)的傳統(tǒng)，從而加速了本土語言的消亡。因此C項(xiàng)正確。

Section C

Recording One

【聽力原文】

W: Greg Rosen lost his job as a sales manager nearly three years ago and is still unemployed.

M:"It literally is like something in a dream to remember what it's like to actually be able to go out and put in a day's work and receive a day's pay.”

W: At first Rosen bought groceries and made house payments with the help from unemployment insurance.［16］It pays laid-off workers up to half of their previous wages while they look for work.But now,that insurance has run out for him and he has to make tough choices.He's cut back on medications and he no longer helps support his disabled mother.It is a devastating experience.New research says the US recession is now over.But many people remain unemployed and unemployed workers face difficult odds.There is literally only one job opening for every five unemployed workers,so four out of five unemployed workers have actually no chance of finding a new job.Businesses have downsized or shut down across America,leading fewer job opportunities for those in search of work.Experts who monitor unemployment statistics here in Bucks County,Pennsylvania say about 28,000 people are unemployed and many of them are jobless due to no fault of their own.That's where the Bucks County Careerlink comes in.

W: ［17］Local director Elizabeth Walsh says they provide training and guidance to help unemployed workers find local job opportunities."So here's the job opening.Here's the job seeker.Match them together under one roof,"she says.But the lack of work opportunities in Bucks County limits how much she can help.Rosen says he hopes Congress will take action.This month,he launched the Ninety-Niners Union,an umbrella organization of eighteen Internet-based grass roots groups of Ninety-Niners.Their goal is to convince lawmakers to extend unemployment benefits.But Pennsylvania State representative Scott Petri says governments simply do not have enough money to extend unemployment insurance.［18］He thinks the best way to help the long-term unemployed is to allow private citizens to invest in local companies that can create more jobs.But the boost in investor confidence needed for the plan to work will take time—time that Rosen says still requires him to buy food and make monthly mortgage payments.Rosen says he'll use the last of his savings to try to hang onto the home he worked for more than twenty years to buy.But once that money is gone,he says he doesn't know what he'll do.

16.How does unemployment insurance help the unemployed?

17.What is local director Elizabeth Walsh of the Bucks County Careerlink doing?

18.What does Pennsylvania State representative Scott Petri say is the best way to help the long-term unemployed?

16.A

【解題思路】

1.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都以it開頭，且都是陳述性語句。兩項(xiàng)含有their，兩項(xiàng)含有them。本題應(yīng)該是考查it對(duì)they的幫助，需要聽清兩者的指代對(duì)象。

2.三項(xiàng)含有與金錢或花費(fèi)有關(guān)的表達(dá)（previous wages,mortgage payments and medical expenses,living expenses），推測本題考查的內(nèi)容可能涉及某種花銷。

【解析】本題問失業(yè)者如何通過失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)獲取幫助。錄音開頭部分就明確指出，在失業(yè)者找工作期間，失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)可支付給他們的收入相當(dāng)于他們以前工資的一半。這與選項(xiàng)A的說法一致，故A為正確答案。選項(xiàng)B中的數(shù)字99在錄音中確實(shí)出現(xiàn)了，但是原文是說發(fā)起了99人聯(lián)盟，并不是支付99周的貸款和醫(yī)療費(fèi)用，故可排除B。其余兩項(xiàng)錄音中沒有提及。

17.B

【解題思路】四項(xiàng)都是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，所以本題應(yīng)該是考查某人正在做的事，再由選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容推斷，這件事與幫助失業(yè)者有關(guān)。

【解析】本題問伊麗莎白·沃爾什正在做的事。錄音內(nèi)容中間部分提到：“伊麗莎白·沃爾什說，他們提供培訓(xùn)和指導(dǎo)，來幫助失業(yè)者尋找當(dāng)?shù)氐木蜆I(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。”這與選項(xiàng)B的說法一致，故B為正確答案。選項(xiàng)C是羅森發(fā)起的99人聯(lián)盟組織要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。選項(xiàng)A和D錄音中沒有提及。

18.C

【解題思路】四項(xiàng)都以to開頭，所以本題應(yīng)該是考查做某事的目的或方式。兩項(xiàng)含有them，需要聽清其指代對(duì)象。

【解析】錄音最后提到，斯科特·佩特里認(rèn)為幫助長期失業(yè)者的最好辦法是允許普通公民對(duì)能夠創(chuàng)造更多就業(yè)崗位的當(dāng)?shù)毓具M(jìn)行投資，也就是說通過鼓勵(lì)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)的私人投資來創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。故本題選C。其他三項(xiàng)錄音中均未提及。

Recording Two

【聽力原文】

W: ［19］Earlier this year,British explorer Pen Hadow and his team trekked for three months across the frozen Arctic Ocean,taking measurements and recording observations about the ice.

M:"Well,we've been led to believe that we would encounter a good proportion of this older,thicker,technically multi-year ice that's been around for a few years and just get thicker and thicker.We actually found there wasn't any multi-year ice at all.”

W: Satellite observations and submarine service over the past few years had shown less ice in the polar region.［20］But the recent measurements show the lost is more pronounced than previously thought.

M:"We are looking at roughly 80 percent loss of ice cover on the Arctic ocean in ten years,roughly ten years and 100 percent loss in nearly twenty years.”

W: ［21］Cambridge scientist Peter Wadhams,who's been measuring and monitoring the Arctic since 1971,says the decline is irreversible.

M:"The more you lose,the more open water is created,the more warming goes on in that open water during the summer,the less ice forms in the winter,the more melt there is the following summer.It becomes a breakdown process where everything ends up accelerating until it's all gone.”

W: Martin Summercorn runs the Arctic program for the environmental charity the World Wildlife Fund.

M:"The Arctic sea ice holds a central position in the earth's climate system and it's deteriorating faster than expected.Actually,it has to translate into more urgency to deal with the climate change problem and reduce emissions.”

W: Summercorn says a plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions blamed for global warming needs to come out of the Copenhagen Climate Change Summit in December.

M:"We have to basically achieve there—the commitment to deal with the problem now.That's the minimum.We have to do that equitably,and we have to find a commitment that is quick.”

W: Wadhams echoes the need for urgency.

M:"The carbon that we've put into the atmosphere keeps having a warming effect for 100 years.So we have to cut back rapidly now.Because it would take a long time to work its way through into our response by the atmosphere.We can't switch off global warming just by being good in future.We have to start being good now.”

W: ［22］Wadhams says there is no easy technological fix to climate change.He and other scientists say there are basically two options to replacing fossil fuels,generating energy with renewables or embracing nuclear power.

19.What did Pen Hadow and his team do in the Arctic Ocean?

20.What does the report say about the Arctic region?

21.What does Cambridge scientist Peter Wadhams say in his study?

22.How does Peter Wadhams view climate change?

19.D

【解題思路】

1.四項(xiàng)都以they開頭，描述的都是過去發(fā)生的事情，所以推斷出本題應(yīng)該是考查they在過去做了什么，聽音時(shí)要注意判斷they的指代對(duì)象。

2.兩項(xiàng)提到了海洋（sea,ocean），兩項(xiàng)提到了水（water），判斷本題考查內(nèi)容與海洋有關(guān)。

【解析】本題問佩恩·哈多和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在北冰洋做的事情。對(duì)話開頭就提到：“今年早些時(shí)候，英國探險(xiǎn)家佩恩·哈多和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在冰封的北冰洋上長途跋涉了三個(gè)月，對(duì)冰進(jìn)行測量并記錄觀測數(shù)據(jù)。”故選D。其他三項(xiàng)錄音中均未提及，故排除。

20.D

【解題思路】四項(xiàng)中都提到了the ice，其中兩項(xiàng)提到冰的消失或減少（ice disappears,ice decrease），可推斷出本題考查的內(nèi)容與冰的數(shù)量變化有關(guān)。

【解析】錄音前半部分指出，最近的測量數(shù)據(jù)顯示，極地地區(qū)冰數(shù)量的減少比人們之前想象的更加顯著。D項(xiàng)中的decrease和evident分別對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的lost和pronounced，故為正確答案。錄音中提到，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為，在未來的大概十年間，北冰洋的冰層將減少大約80%，而不是說80%的冰在夏季消失，故排除A。選項(xiàng)B和C在錄音中沒有提及。

21.C

【解題思路】四項(xiàng)描述都與Arctic ice有關(guān)，聽音時(shí)要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的核心詞（fresh water,coastal cities,irreversible和human survival）。

【解析】錄音中間部分指出，劍橋的科學(xué)家彼得·沃德姆斯認(rèn)為北極冰的減少是不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的，故選C。其他三項(xiàng)在錄音中均無法找到根據(jù)。

22.D

【解題思路】四項(xiàng)的描述均圍繞it展開，要注意判斷it的指代對(duì)象。

【解析】在錄音的最后，沃德姆斯表示，并沒有簡單的技術(shù)補(bǔ)救措施來應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化。這與選項(xiàng)D的說法一致，選項(xiàng)D中的technological solution對(duì)應(yīng)錄音中的technological fix。A項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷；B項(xiàng)在錄音中并未提及；根據(jù)沃德姆斯所言，使用核能將是解決氣候問題的方法之一，但氣候變化能否推動(dòng)核技術(shù)的發(fā)展不得而知，故C項(xiàng)也不正確。

Recording Three

【聽力原文】

M: From a very early age,some children exhibit better self-control than others.Now,a new study that began with about 1,000 children in New Zealand has tracked ［23］how a child's low self-control can predict poor health,money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years.Researchers have been studying this group of children for decades now.Some of their earliest observations have to do with the level of self-control the youngsters displayed.Parents,teachers,even the kids themselves,scored the youngsters on measures like"acting before thinking"and"persistence in reaching goals”.The children of the study are now adults in their thirties.Terrie Moffitt of Duke University and her research colleagues found that kids with self-control issues tended to grow up to become adults with a far more troubling set of issues to deal with.

W:"The children who had the lowest self-control when they were age 3 to 10,later on had the most health problems in their thirties,and they had the worst financial situation.And they were more likely to have a criminal record and to be raising a child as a single parent on a very low income.”

M: Speaking from New Zealand via Skype,Moffitt explained that self-control problems were widely observed and weren't just a feature of a small group of misbehaving kids.

W:"Even the children who had above-average self-control as pre-schoolers,could have benefited from more self-control training.They could have improved their financial situation and their physical and mental health situation 30 years later.”

M: So,children with minor self-control problems were likely as adults to have minor health problems,and so on.Moffitt said it's still unclear why some children have better self-control than others,though she says other researchers have found that it's mostly a learned behavior,with relatively little genetic influence.But good self-control can be set to run in families in that children who have good self-control are more likely to grow up to be healthy and prosperous parents.

W:"Whereas some of the low self-control study members are more likely to be single parents with a very low income and the parent is in poor health and likely to be a heavy substance abuser.So that's not a good atmosphere for a child.［24］So it looks as though self-control is something that in one generation can disadvantage the next generation.”

M: ［25］But the good news is that Moffitt says self-control can be taught by parents,and through school curricula that have proved to be effective.Terrie Moffitt's paper"On the Link Between Childhood Self-control and Adults' Status Decades Later"is published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

23.What is the new study about?

24.What does the study seem to show?

25.What does Moffitt say is the good news from their study?

23.B

【解題思路】四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為名詞性短語，均出現(xiàn)了children，各項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵信息分別為：New Zealand children seem to have better self-control,self-control and their future success,health problems,academic performance。聽音時(shí)應(yīng)將重點(diǎn)放在與各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞匯相關(guān)的內(nèi)容上。

【解析】講話開頭提到：“新西蘭一項(xiàng)起初以大約1000名兒童為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象的新研究跟蹤了解了自制力差的兒童如何在成年之后面臨健康和財(cái)務(wù)問題，甚至有犯罪記錄。”之后具體闡述兒時(shí)自制力差和成年之后的健康、財(cái)務(wù)等狀況之間的聯(lián)系（relation）。故選B項(xiàng)。

24.D

【解題思路】四項(xiàng)均為陳述句，各項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞匯分別為：have a hard time in their thirties,single parent families,exercise self-control in front of their children,disadvantage for their children。聽音時(shí)將重點(diǎn)放在與各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞匯有關(guān)的內(nèi)容上。

【解析】本題問的是該項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果。講話中提到，研究對(duì)象中一些自制力差的孩子更可能成為單親家長，因此，自制力似乎可以代代影響。故選D項(xiàng)，其中a disadvantage for their children是對(duì)原文中disadvantage the next generation的同義替換。A、B兩項(xiàng)是根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容做出的主觀推導(dǎo)，故排除。原文提到“自制力可以由父母培養(yǎng)”，但沒有說父母必須在孩子面前進(jìn)行自我控制，所以排除C。

25.A

【解題思路】四項(xiàng)均為以self-control開頭的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子。本題應(yīng)該考查的是self-control的性質(zhì)或特點(diǎn)等內(nèi)容。聽音時(shí)應(yīng)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注相關(guān)信息。

【解析】講話的結(jié)尾部分提到，但好消息是，莫菲特說自制力可以由父母培養(yǎng)，而且可以通過學(xué)校的相關(guān)課程來習(xí)得，事實(shí)證明這些課程是有效的。故選A項(xiàng)，其中through education是對(duì)原文中taught by parents、through school curricula的同義概述。莫菲特解釋道，自制力訓(xùn)練可以使孩子受益，30年后他們可以改善財(cái)務(wù)狀況和身心健康狀況，B項(xiàng)本身表述沒有錯(cuò)誤，但并非莫菲特指出的好消息，B項(xiàng)答非所問。C項(xiàng)跟原文表達(dá)的信息一致，但也不是莫菲特所說的好消息，故排除。D項(xiàng)與講話內(nèi)容不符，應(yīng)排除。