第一周
Friday

meantime /?mi?nta?m/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 其間，同時‖ad. 與此同時

助記 mean(吝嗇的)+time(時間)→吝嗇時間，所有事情一起干→同時

搭配 in the meantime 其間，同時

示例 ① In the meantime, the amount of CO2 in the air is rapidly approaching the limits proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 與此同時，空氣中的二氧化碳含量正在迅速逼近聯(lián)合國政府間氣候變化專門委員會提出的極限值。（2012. 6）② His first book was rejected by the publishers. In the meantime, he finished another book. 他的第一本書遭到出版社的拒絕，其間，他又完成了另一本。

scrape /skre?p/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 v. 刮掉；刮壞；發(fā)出刺耳的刮擦聲

生義 v. 艱難獲取‖n. 刮，鏟；刮壞；困境

搭配 scrape by (on sth.) 靠（某事物）勉強維持生計‖scrape into sth. 勉強獲得（工作、入學(xué)資格等）

示例 ① To collect the DNA sample, gently scrape the inside of your cheek with a sterile cotton swab, and then slosh the tip around inside a clean tube filled with a few milliliters of distilled. 若要搜集DNA樣本，可用無菌棉簽輕刮你口腔的內(nèi)側(cè)，然后將棉簽的尖端浸入裝有幾毫升蒸餾水的干凈管子中來回晃動。（Scientific American） ② My brother can just scrape by on what my parents give him. 我弟弟靠父母給的那點錢勉強過日子。

派生 scraper （n. 鏟子）

flee /fli?/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 v. 迅速離開；逃避，逃跑

搭配 flee from sb. or sth. 迅速離開某人或某事

示例 ① Fire broke out at the plant on Wednesday, prompting some people to flee the capital which has suffered low levels of radiation, but not enough to damage health, officials say. 官員稱，周三該廠發(fā)生了火災(zāi)，這使一些人逃離了首都。雖然當(dāng)時首都受到少量的輻射，但是這并不足以損害健康。（Scientific American） ② The little girl burst into tears and fled. 這個小女孩突然哭了起來，跑開了。

同義 escape

impressive /?m?pres?v/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 令人敬佩的，令人贊嘆的，給人深刻印象的，令人難忘的

助記 im(=into，進入)+press(壓)+ive(形容詞后綴)→壓進頭腦的→給人深刻印象的，令人難忘的

示例 ① The concert is very impressive. 這場音樂會非常好。（2009. 12）② Big Japanese companies have an impressive record of incremental improvement, particularly in the electronics business. 大型日本公司保持了驚人的增長記錄，在電子行業(yè)尤為突出。

派生 impressively （ad. 令人難忘地）

反義 unimpressive

distort /d??st??t/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 v. 扭曲，使變形，使失真；歪曲，曲解

助記 dis(=intensive，加強的)+tort(twist，擰)→用力擰→扭曲，使變形

搭配 distort sb's motives 曲解某人的動機

示例 ① The transmission from poor quality radios was slightly distorted and the accents of the Spanish speaking controllers was so strong that the pilots misunderstood a vital instruction. 聲音通過質(zhì)量很差的無線電廣播設(shè)備傳輸后稍微有些失真，而且塔臺控制員的西班牙口音太重，以至于飛行員誤解了一條重要的指令。（2006. 12）② The reporter distorted the facts. 這名記者歪曲了事實。

派生 distortion （n. 歪曲）

accurate /??kj?r?t/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 a. 正確無誤的；精確的；準(zhǔn)確的

助記 ac(表加強)+cur(聯(lián)想到cure，治療)+ate→進一步治療，以確保無誤→正確無誤的；準(zhǔn)確的

示例 ① And just as two auto purchasers might spend an equal amount of money on very different cars, college students (or, more accurately, their parents) often show a willingness to pay essentially the same price for vastly different products. 正如兩名購車人會為完全不同的汽車付同樣的價錢一樣，大學(xué)生（或者更準(zhǔn)確地說，他們的父母）經(jīng)常愿意為截然不同的產(chǎn)品支付差不多的價錢。（2009. 6）② My watch is very old, so it is not very accurate. 我的表太舊了，所以走得不是很準(zhǔn)。

派生 accurately （ad. 精確地；準(zhǔn)確地）

同義 exact

反義 inaccurate

aware /??we?(r)/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 a. 知道的，明白的，意識到的；發(fā)覺的；警覺的

生義 a. 對…感興趣 （與副詞連用）

助記 a(表強調(diào))+ware(留心，小心)→加倍留心終會發(fā)覺→發(fā)覺的；警覺的

搭配 as far as I am aware 據(jù)我所知

示例 ① Universities are increasingly aware that they must adapt to a rapidly changing world in order to stay competitive and relevant. 大學(xué)正逐漸意識到，要保持自身競爭力和與時俱進，就必須適應(yīng)快速變化的世界。（2012. 6） ② If you were aware of this, you would change your mind. 如果你能認(rèn)識到這一點，你會改變主意的。

派生 awareness （n. 意識）

同義 conscious

反義 unaware

cruise /kru?z/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 航行‖v. 乘船游覽；以平穩(wěn)的速度行駛　　生義 v. 輕而易舉獲得

助記 由Cruso(《魯濱遜漂流記》主人公克魯索)聯(lián)想到cruise

搭配 cruise missile 巡航導(dǎo)彈

示例 ① "We have more people booking in the first quarter of this year than last," says Hubert Moineau, founder of Tselana Travel, which is planning to introduce a new program of longer adventure trips, including polar expeditions and cruises in the Galápagos. Tselana Travel的創(chuàng)始人胡貝特?穆瓦諾說：“今年一季度預(yù)訂旅行的人數(shù)多于去年。”該旅行社正計劃開發(fā)一個新的長途探險旅游項目，包括極地探險和乘船游覽加拉帕戈斯群島。（2011. 6） ② We spent two weeks cruising the Nile during this summer holiday. 這個暑假我們花了兩周時間乘船游覽尼羅河。

派生 cruiser （n. 巡洋艦）

同義 voyage

sphere /sf??(r)/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 球體；范圍，領(lǐng)域，界

示例 ① But the Milnor finding that really shook the mathematical world was his identification of a seven-dimensional sphere with exotic mathematical properties. 但是米爾諾真正令數(shù)學(xué)界震撼的研究成果是他用奇異的數(shù)學(xué)特性對七維球體所下的定義。 （Scientific American）② The scientist is distinguished in many spheres of knowledge. 這位科學(xué)家在許多知識領(lǐng)域中都很杰出。

派生 spherical（a. 球狀的）

script /skr?pt/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 劇本；筆跡‖v. 寫劇本　　生義 n. 字母表；筆試答卷；腳本（程序）

助記 script本身就是詞根，意為“寫”。

示例 ① Using your imagination is one very good way to improve your own memory. For example, actors who have to remember hundreds or even thousands of lines of a script do so by actively analysing them and imagining the motivations and goals of their characters. 發(fā)揮想象力是提高記憶力的一個非常好的方法。例如，必須記住劇本中成百上千臺詞的演員就會這么做，他們會積極地分析劇情并想象他們飾演的角色的動機和目的。（Scientific American）② I admired my grandpa's neat script. 我欣賞爺爺寫的一手好字。

派生 scriptures （n. 經(jīng)文，圣典）

offensive /??fens?v/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 a. 冒犯的；攻擊性的‖n. 進攻；攻勢　　生義 a. 令人不適的，極其討厭的

搭配 be offensive to sb. 冒犯某人

示例 ① So far Mr. Obama's charm offensive has produced plenty of warm words but few practical concessions. 截至目前，奧巴馬的魅力攻勢產(chǎn)生出了大量的溫暖話語，但是很少有實際的讓步。（The Economist）② What he said was deeply offensive to many single mothers. 他所說的話極大地冒犯了許多單身母親。

派生 offensively （ad. 進攻性地）

反義 defensive

element /?el?m?nt/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 要素；元素，因素；成分　　生義 n. [pl.] 天氣；一組，一伙

搭配 in one's element 得心應(yīng)手‖out of one's element 不得其所

示例 ① There is an element there about competition though, isn't there? 然而有競爭的因素，不是嗎？（2010. 12） ② Water is composed of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氫元素和氧元素組成的。

派生 elementary（a. 基本的，初級的）‖elemental（a. 基本的，主要的）

同義 component, ingredient

辨析 element, component和ingredient都有“成分”的含義。element指一個整體必不可少或固有的部分；component指機器或設(shè)備的組成部件；ingredient指組成混合物的組成部分，如烹飪食物的原料。

evolve /i?v?lv/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 v. 逐漸發(fā)展，逐漸演化；進化

助記 e(=out，出)+volv(=turn，轉(zhuǎn)變)+e→轉(zhuǎn)變出來→逐漸發(fā)展；進化

搭配 evolve from sth. 由某事物演變而來

示例 ① Like animals, humans evolved with an elaborate mechanism for processing information about potential threats. 像動物一樣，人類進化過程中形成了處理有關(guān)潛在威脅信息的復(fù)雜機制。（2006. 12）② Each school should evolve its own way of teaching. 每所學(xué)校都應(yīng)該形成自己的教學(xué)模式。

派生 evolution （n. 進化）‖evolutionary （a. 進化的）

alleviate /??li?vie?t/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 v. 緩和，減輕

助記 al(=to，使)+lev(=light，輕)+iate→使變輕→緩和，減輕

示例 ① There is little that can be done to stop population ageing, so the world will have to live with it. But some of the consequences can be alleviated. 對于人口老齡化我們沒有辦法阻止，只能接受，但是我們可以減輕人口老齡化帶來的影響。（2010. 12） ② The government takes a number of measures to alleviate the problem. 政府采取了許多措施緩解這個問題。

派生 alleviation （n. 減輕）

sulphur /?s?lf?(r)/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 硫，硫磺

示例 ① The Environmental Protection Agency is scheduled to impose strict new limits on smog-creating emissions like sulphur dioxide. 環(huán)境保護署計劃實施嚴(yán)格的新限令，限制諸如像二氧化硫之類能造成煙霧的氣體的排放。（Newsweek）② Sulphur can be used to make gunpowder. 硫磺可以用來制造火藥。

feminine /?fem?n?n/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 a. 女性的，女性特有的　　生義 a. 陰性的‖n. 陰性

助記 femin(=woman，女人)+ine→女性的

示例 ① Thus, they learn early to hide vulnerable emotions such as love, joy, and sadness because they believe that such feelings are feminine and imply weakness. 因此，他們很早就學(xué)會隱藏脆弱的情感，諸如：愛、高興和悲傷，因為他們認(rèn)為這些情感是女性特有的，意味著軟弱。（2010. 12） ② This boy had delicate, almost feminine features. 這個男孩面目清秀，很像女孩。

反義 male

range /re?nd?/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 一系列；范圍；射程；山脈‖v. 排列；使…站在某一方　　生義 n. 【數(shù)】值域

助記 由arrange(安排)逆向聯(lián)想range(排列)

搭配 a range of 一系列

示例 ① These universities should be generating the widest range of social, economic and environmental benefits. 這些大學(xué)應(yīng)該創(chuàng)造出最廣泛的社會、經(jīng)濟和環(huán)境效益。（2011. 12） ② The cars are sold out within this price range. 這個價位的汽車已售完。

essence /?esns/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 本質(zhì)，實質(zhì)，精髓；香精，精油

助記 ess(=be，存在)+ence(=state，狀態(tài))→實實在在存在的→本質(zhì)，實質(zhì)

搭配 in essence 本質(zhì)上

示例 ① Under her, some titles have moved beyond the printed word and into popular culture. People co-hosts the Screen Actors Guild Awards Gala, for example, and Essence sponsors an annual concert of African-American music. 在她的打造下，一些刊物已經(jīng)超越印刷文字的界線而進入通俗文化領(lǐng)域。比如，《人物》雜志參與主辦了美國演員工會頒獎典禮，《精華》雜志贊助每年一度的非裔美國人音樂會。（The Economist） ② The essence of service is to listen to, and take account of, the views of those customers. 服務(wù)的精髓就在于傾聽并考慮顧客的觀點。

反義 phenomenon

avail /??ve?l/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 效用，幫助‖v. 有幫助，有益

助記 a(=to，對…)+vail(=worth，價值)→對某人有價值→有幫助，有益

搭配 to little/no avail 不成功，沒有效果

示例 ① I tried many times afterward to get a passport, but to no avail. 此后我嘗試了許多次想獲得護照，但都沒有成功。（The New York Times）② I apologised repeatedly, but to little avail. 我一再道歉都沒有用。

派生 available（a. 可獲得的；有空的）‖availability（n. 可用性，有效性）

同義 benefit, profit

vain /ve?n/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 a. 徒勞的　　生義 a. 自負(fù)的

搭配 in vain 白費力氣

示例 ① Our years of hard work are all in vain, let alone the large sum of money we have spent. 我們多年的努力都白費了，更別提我們所花費的大量金錢了。（2007. 6）② I was dancing in a vain effort to cheer my brother up. 我跳舞試圖讓我弟弟高興起來，結(jié)果是白費力氣。

spark /spɑ?k/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 火花，火星；電火花‖v. 引發(fā)，觸發(fā)　　生義 n. 誘因，導(dǎo)火線‖v. 冒火花

助記 斯巴達(dá)克斯(Spartacus)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的起義如星星之火(spark)

搭配 ignition spark 點火火花

示例 ① It is impossible to know exactly which embers spark a revolution, but it's not so hard to measure the conditions that make a country prime for one. 無法確切地知道是哪些殘存的活動引發(fā)一場革命，但是這種使全國上下籌備一件事的情形并不難揣測。（The New York Times）② A cigarette spark started the forest fire. 香煙的火星引起了這場森林火災(zāi)。

mayor /me?(r)/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 市長；鎮(zhèn)長

助記 may(=great，偉大)+or(人)→偉大的人→市長

示例 ① Since December, when the report came out, the mayor, neighborhood activists and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle over its validity: over the guilt of the steel-casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobs versus children's health and over what, if anything, ought to be done. 自十二月報告公布以來，市長、社區(qū)積極分子和各種家長—教師聯(lián)合會就忙著針對報告的可信性展開激烈的爭論：關(guān)于小鎮(zhèn)西部邊界的鑄鋼廠的過失問題，關(guān)于工會的工作以及與之相比之下的兒童健康問題，關(guān)于應(yīng)該做點什么的問題——如果有什么可以做的話。（2009. 12） ② The new mayor said in his inaugural speech he would clean the city up. 新市長在就職演說中表態(tài)：他要整頓本市。

派生 mayoralty （n. 市長頭銜；市長任期）

dwell /dwel/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 v. 居住，棲身

搭配 dwell on/upon sth. 總是想著某物

示例 ① They dwell on a complex problem, breaking it down into smaller components, which are considered one at a time. 他們思考一個復(fù)雜的問題時會把它分成若干個小部分，每次只考慮一個部分。（Scientific American）② A great number of water fowls dwell on the island. 許多水鳥在島上棲息。

派生 dweller （n. 居民）

同義 live, inhabit

fulfil /f?l?f?l/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 v. 完成；實現(xiàn)；履行；起…作用

助記 ful(聯(lián)想到full，完全的)+fil(l)(充滿)→完全充滿了→完成；實現(xiàn)

搭配 fulfil one's ambition 實現(xiàn)抱負(fù)

示例 ① Affluence liberates the individual, promising that everyone can choose a unique way to self-fulfilment. 富裕使個體獲得解放，它承諾每個人可以選擇獨特的方式去實現(xiàn)自我。（2007. 6）② He pledged himself to fulfil the promise he had made. 他發(fā)誓要實現(xiàn)自己的諾言。

派生 fulfilment （n. 完成；成就）

同義 achieve

stretch /stret?/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 v. 伸展；延伸；延續(xù)　　生義 v. 耗盡，竭盡‖n. 一段時間

搭配 stretch (oneself) out 躺下‖at full stretch 竭盡全力

示例 ① I try not to go online till my day's writing is finished, and I moved from Manhattan to rural Japan in part so I could more easily survive for long stretches entirely on foot. 在我完成每天的寫作之前我盡量不上網(wǎng)。我從曼哈頓搬到日本的鄉(xiāng)村，部分原因是，在很長一段時間里我完全依靠步行就可以更輕松地應(yīng)對日常生活。（2012. 12） ② Vast meadows stretch to the west. 遼闊的草場向西伸展。

同義 extend, expand

辨析 stretch, extend和expand都有“伸展，擴大”的含義。stretch指由彎曲狀態(tài)伸展開，如伸腰、伸腿等；extend指時空的延長，也指影響和使用范圍等的擴大；expand側(cè)重面積和體積的擴大。

poverty /?p?v?ti/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 貧窮，貧困；貧乏，劣質(zhì)

助記 pover(=poor，貧困)+ty(名詞后綴)→貧窮

示例 ① It could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. 當(dāng)然，奧巴馬的成功可能也會讓人們忘記還有太多的美國黑人仍然生活在貧困之中，而且當(dāng)他們嘗試擺脫這些困境時面臨著巨大的障礙。（2010. 6） ② The poor old man died in loneliness and poverty. 這位可憐的老人在孤獨和貧困中死去。

dense /dens/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 a. 密集的；濃密的　　生義 a. 愚笨的

示例 ① Under the intense conditions of the early universe, ionized matter gave off radiation that was trapped within it like light in a dense fog. 在宇宙形成早期的那種極端條件下，電離物質(zhì)發(fā)出的射線被困在其中，如同濃霧中的光。（Scientific American）② Tokyo is a large city with a dense population. 東京是個人口密集的大城市。

派生 density （n. 密度）

literacy /?l?t?r?si/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 識字；有文化；讀寫能力

助記 liter(=letter，文字，字母)+acy(表性質(zhì))→會認(rèn)字→有文化

示例 ① More than fifty years ago, the United Nations declared that literacy is a basic human right. 五十多年以前，聯(lián)合國宣布具備讀寫能力是基本人權(quán)。（2006. 12） ② A number of children have some problems with literacy and numeracy. 很多小孩在讀寫和計算方面都有困難。

派生 literate（a. 有讀寫能力的；有文化修養(yǎng)的）

反義 illiteracy

particularly /p??t?kj?l?li/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 ad. 特別地；詳細(xì)地；異常地，非凡地

示例 ① In the ancient world, a trained memory was an immense asset, particularly in public life. 在古代世界，受過記憶訓(xùn)練是極大一筆財富，尤其是在公共生活中。（2006. 12）② The chairman particularly mentioned that point. 董事長特別強調(diào)了這一點。

同義 specially, especially

rumour /?ru?m?(r)/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 謠言；傳聞‖v. 謠傳

示例 ① Is there any truth to the rumour about high levels of birth control chemicals being found in some cities' drinking water? 有傳言說在一些城市的飲用水中發(fā)現(xiàn)高濃度的控制生育的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，這是真的嗎？（Scientific American） ② The rumour has been traced back to his brother. 那謠言經(jīng)追查是他弟弟編造的。

perspective /p??spekt?v/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 態(tài)度，觀點，思考方法　　生義 n. 客觀判斷力；透視法；遠(yuǎn)景

助記 per(=through，透過)+spect(=look，看)+ive→透過某物看→透視法

搭配 in perspective 恰當(dāng)?shù)兀虾醣壤?/p>

示例 ① This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives. 在農(nóng)業(yè)方面情況尤其如此，可持續(xù)發(fā)展通常被認(rèn)為是進步的唯一途徑，而這并沒有從歷史和文化的角度進行適當(dāng)?shù)脑u估。（2008. 12） ② A beautiful perspective opened out before us. 一幅美麗的遠(yuǎn)景展現(xiàn)在我們眼前。

語料 It takes time and experience to understand what normal is, and that gives me the perspective to deal with the surprises of the future. 讀懂生活的常態(tài)需要時間和閱歷，而讀懂它也練就了我面對未來的生活態(tài)度。

attach /??t?t?/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 v. 附上，貼上，系上；把…固定；(使)與…有聯(lián)系；使附屬

生義 v. 把…歸因于

示例 ① But in order to take advantage of these common-sense solutions, Americans will have to put aside their own attachment to the idea of smaller government and less regulation. 但是為了利用這些常識性的解決方案，美國人不得不將他們對“小政府”和“少監(jiān)管”這種觀念的依賴放到一邊。（2012. 6） ② She attached labels to all her bags. 她給所有的袋子都貼了標(biāo)簽。

派生 attachment （n. 附件；依戀）

recovery /r??k?v?ri/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 重獲，復(fù)得；恢復(fù)，痊愈

助記 re(再，又)+cover(蓋上)+y→再次蓋上→恢復(fù)

搭配 in recovery 康復(fù)中

示例 ① Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialisation spilling out of our universities. 英國經(jīng)濟的復(fù)蘇，部分將由大學(xué)中涌現(xiàn)出的下一代商業(yè)化研究所驅(qū)動。（2011. 12） ② We are surprised by the rapidity of his recovery. 他恢復(fù)得那么快，我們都有些驚訝。

route /ru?t/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 路線；航線；途徑‖vt. 按某路線發(fā)送；給…規(guī)定路線

搭配 shorten the route 縮短路程

示例 ① At certain times of the day, on certain routes, the subways are generally safe for these children, especially if they have grown up in the city and have been taught how to be safe, how to obtain help if they are concerned for their safety, and how to avoid unsafe situations by being watchful and on their toes. 在一天中的某些時候，在某些線路上，總體來說地鐵對于這些孩子是安全的，尤其是如果他們在城市中長大，已經(jīng)被教會如何做是安全的，擔(dān)心自己安全時如何獲得幫助，以及如何通過提高警惕和保持警覺來避免不安全的情況。（2009. 6）② The route was once much travelled but has fallen into disuse. 這條路線旅行的人以前常走，但是現(xiàn)在已不用了。

spot /sp?t/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 地點；污點；少量‖a. 現(xiàn)場的；插播的‖v. (使)產(chǎn)生污漬；玷污；認(rèn)出

生義 n. 職位；聚光燈；插播節(jié)目‖v. 用燈光照射

示例 ① After all, a little healthy worrying is okay if it leads to constructive action—like having a doctor look at that weird spot on your back. 畢竟，稍許對健康的擔(dān)憂是未嘗不可的，如果擔(dān)憂可以帶來建設(shè)性的行為——如讓醫(yī)生檢查一下你背上的奇怪的斑點。（2006. 12） ② This is the spot where the three cars collided. 這兒就是三輛汽車相撞的地方。

同義 place, position

語料 The wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in clear perception, not fogged by anxiety nor dimmed by despair and boredom, and without the blind spots caused by fear. 快樂帶來的睿智存在于敏銳的洞察力之間，不會因憂慮而含混迷惑，也不會因絕望和厭倦而黯然模糊，更沒有因恐懼而造成的盲點。

breadth /bredθ/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 n. 寬度，幅度　　生義 n. 寬宏大量

搭配 in breadth 在寬度上‖breadth of view 見多識廣

示例 ① All the surveys are aimed at measuring the breadth of employment plans, as opposed to the magnitude of such plans. 所有的調(diào)查都旨在測量就業(yè)計劃的廣度，而不是該就業(yè)計劃的重要性。（The New York Times）② What is the breadth of this desk? 這張桌子的寬度是多少？

adopt /??d?pt/　聽讀寫譯

熟義 v. 采用；收養(yǎng)；批準(zhǔn)，正式接受 　　生義 v. 移居

助記 ad(=to，與…有關(guān))+opt(=choose，選擇)→與選擇有關(guān)→采用

搭配 adopt a suggestion 采納建議

示例 ① I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways; those things happen pretty much on their own. 我并不是說讓人們學(xué)習(xí)英語或者按照美國人的方式做事，事實上他們自己就這樣做了。（2008. 12） ② The university should adopt new methods of teaching foreign languages. 這所大學(xué)應(yīng)采用新的外語教學(xué)法。

派生 adoption （n. 采用；收養(yǎng)）‖adoptable （a. 可采用的）

語料 There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean motto of "Eat, drink, and be merry," but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death. 當(dāng)然，也有人奉行“吃，喝，享受”的享樂主義信條，但絕大多數(shù)人還是會受到即將到來的死亡的懲罰。（Three Days to See《假如給我三天光明》）

eve /i?v/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 n. 前夜，前夕；重要事件的前一刻；傍晚

搭配 New Year's Eve 除夕夜

示例 ① On the eve of the operations, church groups began two weeks of praying for one set of patients. 在手術(shù)前夜，教會組織開始為一組患者進行為期兩周的祈禱。（Scientific American）② What will you do on Christmas Eve? 你們要在圣誕夜做什么？

同義 evening

permeate /?p??mie?t/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 v. 滲透；彌漫；感染

助記 per(=through，穿過)+mea(=pass，經(jīng)過)+(a)te→ 穿過和經(jīng)過→滲透

示例 ① Popular psychology has become a fixture in our society, and its aphorisms, truths and half-truths permeate our everyday existence. 大眾心理學(xué)已經(jīng)成為我們社會中的固定成分，而且大眾心理學(xué)的格言、真相與半真半假的說法，已經(jīng)滲透到我們的日常生活中。（Scientific American） ② The smell of the flowers permeated the air. 空氣中彌漫著花香。

utter /??t?(r)/　聽讀寫譯

釋義 vt. 發(fā)出聲音；說，講‖a. 徹底的，完全的

示例 ① This book stopped America's urban renewal movement in its tracks, to the utter fury of Moses, Felt, Mumford and the rest. 這本書當(dāng)即阻止了美國的城市重建運動，讓摩西、費爾特、芒福德等人怒不可遏。（The Economist）② The old man departed without uttering a word. 這位老人一言不發(fā)地離開了。

同義 say, complete