阿聯(lián)酋阿布扎比市帝國大廈

地點(diǎn)：阿聯(lián)酋阿布扎比Al Sorouh海岸

設(shè)計(jì)公司：凱達(dá)環(huán)球建筑設(shè)計(jì)公司

占地面積：7013m2

建筑面積：90206m2

高度：231m

層數(shù)：60

The Empire Tower is a 60 storey luxury residential development located in Al Sorouh Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The building occupies a prime site near the coast and is surrounded by three major streets while also emphasizing the vista afforded by this site. The complex is oriented to maximize the nearby ocean view to the northeast and overlooks the outdoor park to the southwest.

The building form is uniquely divided into a series of linear vertical blades, 9 total from ground level to level 12, the first 6 blades continue to the roof level 59. The blades are externally clad with a curtain wall containing insulated glass units which are thermally sufficient and will fulfil the local thermal insulation requirements of Abu Dhabi. At the same time, the color and reflectivity of the glass are chosen to make the tower stand out aesthetically in its vicinity.

The curvaceous form of the tower is the direct response to its site surroundings, maximizing its presence on the street with vertical layers spreading out to the property lines. The building then bends away from the street across from a large commercial tower, allowing for an enlarged view corridor between the central park of the community and the sea one block away. The splayed vertical layers converge while rising up before bending forward together as the 231m tower rises toward the sky and maximizing its views between the park and the sea.

The splays of the tower increase individual unit frontage and thus a larger cone of view. The southern facing balconies provide effective shading for the apartments below while the angle of the southern fa?ade prevents from direct solar gain. In contrary the majority of the skin facing north is oriented at an angle to allow most efficient light impact. The curved overall tower section reflects easterly mid morning light which reduces solar gain as well.

The arrangement for private balconies is designed as a standard block which plugs into notched areas created between staggering blades. This facilitates repetition for balcony details for construction simplicity.

Although the tower is curvaceous in form, the external cladding is designed to standard modules where practicable, with the number of “bespoke” panels minimized to reduce cost. The various angles between faceted fa?ade panels and constantly changing angles between corner fa?ade panels are resolved by common connection means. The details utilize a pivoting point mechanism to allow flexibility and adaptation which significantly reduce the need for custom curtain wall profiles and panels.

The design also challenges structural conventions in terms of efficiency. Traditionally the shear walls are located along the inner side of the core. The design considers the structural efficiency by pushing the shear walls to the outer side of the corridor, therefore widening the structural base and reducing the span between the core and fa?ade. This effectively reduces the structural depth and construction materials required for the structural members. The larger core also allows pressure to be transferred to the foundation over a larger footprint thus reducing quantities of concrete.

Despite the external appearance of the changing building geometry, the floor layout configurations are mainly standardized. For ease in construction and functionality the core is centralized and vertical despite the stacked floor plans shifting sideways.

The 60 non-typical floor plates are dynamically held together by the blades, creating an iconic feature on the water's edge. The design challenges the limitations for high-rise residential development, requiring the services and structural elements to stack vertically.

The project is designed to work within these limitations, while creating a dynamic form. These limitations are overcome by providing modular units on the Eastern and Western sides, allowing the shear walls and services to be stacked. These units continuously shift to form the blades, utilizing the views towards the waterfront. The modular units terminate on the 60th Floor, allowing the form to extend towards the sky. The smaller floor plates and reduced core size on levels 59 and 60 allow a unique duplex unit.

帝國大廈是一棟高60層的豪華住宅大廈，位于阿聯(lián)酋阿布扎比市的Al Sorouh海岸。大廈被三條主干道所圍繞，占據(jù)了海岸附近的黃金地段，同時(shí)也使這個(gè)地段的美景更為突出。大廈的朝向使人們?cè)谶@里能最大限度地欣賞到附近東北方向的大海，俯瞰西南的戶外公園。

大廈別出心裁地分為一系列的線性的垂直片狀立面，其中9片從首層延伸到第12層，而最前面的6片則一直向上延伸到頂樓59層。片狀立面的外部是包含有隔熱玻璃部件的幕墻，隔熱效果好，而且符合阿布扎比市當(dāng)?shù)貙?duì)建筑隔熱的要求。同時(shí)，玻璃的顏色的選擇和反射效果讓大廈在周圍建筑中顯得格外耀眼。

大廈的曲線美與周邊相互呼應(yīng)，以其延伸至建筑紅線的垂直層向地基的周圍環(huán)境最大限度地展示它的存在感。大廈從一條橫跨一棟大型商業(yè)中心的大街處向外彎曲，使一條大型景觀走廊展現(xiàn)在社區(qū)的中央公園和一個(gè)街區(qū)之遠(yuǎn)的海濱之間。張開的垂直層先往上匯聚再前俯，組合成了這棟231m高的大廈，直上云霄，使公園和大海的美景盡收眼底。

大廈向周圍展開，增大了每個(gè)單位的正面，形成了更寬廣的視野。朝南的陽臺(tái)為下層的公寓提供了有效的遮陽，同時(shí)南立面的角度也阻擋了太陽直射。相反，大多數(shù)朝北的立面都被調(diào)整到一個(gè)可以獲得最多的陽光的角度。整體彎曲的塔節(jié)也能反射東面來自上午的陽光，減少太陽直射。

私人陽臺(tái)的布局被設(shè)計(jì)成標(biāo)準(zhǔn)單元，分插到錯(cuò)開的片狀立面形成的凹口中，便于陽臺(tái)細(xì)節(jié)的重復(fù)，讓施工變得簡單。

雖然大廈的外形很具曲線美，但是其外部覆蓋層的設(shè)計(jì)采用了適用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模塊，把“定制”壁板的數(shù)量減到最小，以降低成本。立面壁板之間的多變的角度以及角落面板間不斷變化的角度，都通過常見的連接方式處理。細(xì)節(jié)處使用了鉸鏈點(diǎn)裝置，具有靈活性和適應(yīng)性，明顯減少了定制幕墻材料和壁板的需要。

設(shè)計(jì)還從功效上挑戰(zhàn)了傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)。傳統(tǒng)的剪力墻一般放置在中心內(nèi)側(cè)，然而考慮到結(jié)構(gòu)的功效，此次設(shè)計(jì)把剪力墻放置在通道的外側(cè)，以擴(kuò)大基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)并減少中心和立面的跨度，有效地降低了結(jié)構(gòu)的深度，減少了結(jié)構(gòu)部件所需的建筑材料。更大的中心使壓力轉(zhuǎn)移到大型地基上，減少了混凝土的使用。

雖然建筑的幾何外觀是變化的，但建筑的樓層布局是按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)安排的。為了便于建造和增強(qiáng)功能，不管平面圖上堆疊的樓層如何傾斜，建筑的核心始終集中在同一垂直位置。

這60層非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樓層被片狀立面聯(lián)系在一起，使其獨(dú)具動(dòng)感，創(chuàng)造了一棟海邊地標(biāo)。該設(shè)計(jì)挑戰(zhàn)了高層住宅樓的局限性，把服務(wù)需求和建筑元素通過垂直堆疊的樓層結(jié)合在一起。

該項(xiàng)目就是在這些限制上進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)果，創(chuàng)造出了動(dòng)感的形態(tài)。通過建筑東、西兩側(cè)的模塊化單位，設(shè)計(jì)克服了這些限制，使剪力墻和各種服務(wù)功能都結(jié)合在一起。這些單位不斷推移形成了建筑的片狀立面，盡覽海濱美景。這種模塊在60層戛然而止，使建筑形態(tài)向天空延伸。59層和60層由較小的樓層地板和縮小的建筑核心組成，被設(shè)計(jì)成一個(gè)獨(dú)特的雙層公寓。

FEATURE 特點(diǎn)分析

Shape

The huge sloped ground floor is like the root of a tree. The floors slope moderately in the opposite direction after the transition. The roof floor is near the boundary, which has characteristic “blades” to highlight the vertical volume. The side fa?ade with nine sharp “blades” forms contrast with the soft front fa?ade, which gives the dynamic fa?ade full of strong visual impact.

造型

巨大的傾斜底層就像一棵樹的根，樓層在過渡后向相反的方向適度傾斜，頂層靠近建筑紅線，特色的“片狀立面”外形強(qiáng)調(diào)了大廈的垂直體量，九片邊緣鋒利的“片狀立面”形成的側(cè)立面與建筑正立面柔和的輪廓形成對(duì)比，使建筑立面充滿動(dòng)感，具有強(qiáng)烈的視覺沖擊力。